Patriotic Salvation Movement: Difference between revisions

Patriotic Salvation Movement

Mouvement Patriotique du Salut
Patriotic Salvation Movement Mouvement Patriotique du Salut
Arabic name	الحركة الوطنية للإنقاذ
Abbreviation	MPS
President	Haroun Kabadi
Secretary-General	Mahamat Zen Bada
Honorary President	Mahamat Déby
Founder	Idriss Déby; Abbas Koty; Bada Abbas Maldoum; Hissein Dassert
Founded	11 March 1990
Merger of	1 April Movement; MOSONAT; FAT/MRP
Ideology	Nationalism; Authoritarianism Secularism
Political position	Big tent
Slogan	Mourir pour le Salut; ('Dying for Salvation')
Seats in the National Assembly	110 / 188
Website
	www.mps-tchad.org
	Politics of Chad; Political parties; Elections;

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Inline

Latest revision as of 17:06, 29 December 2024

The Patriotic Salvation Movement (Arabic: الحركة الوطنية للإنقاذ;^{[romanization needed]} French: Mouvement patriotique du salut, MPS) is the ruling political party in Chad.

History

After Idriss Déby, an army commander who participated in an unsuccessful plot against President Hissène Habré in 1989, fled to Sudan, he and his supporters, known as the 1 April Movement, operated from Sudan with Libyan backing and carried out attacks across the border into Chad. The MPS was founded in Sudan on 10 March 1990 through the merger of the 1 April Movement with other anti-Habre groups in exile. After a successful offensive in November 1990, Déby and the MPS came to power on 2 December 1990, when their forces entered N'Djamena, the Chadian capital.^[5]

Déby was the MPS candidate in the 1996 presidential election and won in a second round. He was again the MPS candidate in the presidential election of 20 May 2001, receiving 63.2% of the vote. In the parliamentary election held on 21 April 2002, the MPS won according to IPU Parline 113 out of 155 seats. In the May 2006 presidential election, Déby was re-elected with 64.7% of the vote.

Election history

Presidential elections

Election	Party candidate	First round		Second round		Result
Election	Party candidate	Votes	%	Votes	%	Result
1996	Idriss Déby	1,016,277	43.82%	2,102,907	69.09%	Elected Y
2001		1,533,509	63.17%	—	—	Elected Y
2006		1,863,042	64.67%	—	—	Elected Y
2011		2,503,813	88.66%	—	—	Elected Y
2016		2,219,352	59.92%	—	—	Elected Y
2021^[a]		3,663,431	79.32%	—	—	Elected Y
2024	Mahamat Déby	3,777,279	61.00%	—	—	Elected Y

^ After the 2021 election Idriss Déby died before the inauguration due injury while leading troop during the Northern Chad offensive.

National Assembly elections

Election	Party leader	Votes	%	Votes	%	Seats	+/–	Position	Result
Election	Party leader	First round		Second round		Seats	+/–	Position	Result
1997		504,045	40.0%	262,060%	34.4%	65 / 125	65	1st	Majority government
2002	Nagoum Yamassoum			—	—	113 / 155	48	1st	Supermajority government
2011	Haroun Kabadi	in alliance with RDP and RNDP				134 / 187	21	1st	MPS–RDP–RNDP coalition government

References

^ "Opposition condemns designation of Chad's military ruler as presidential candidate". Voice of America. The Standard. 16 January 2024. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
^ Staff member. "Tchad: La dictature continue par d'autres moyens". Civicus Lens. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
^ Picco, Enrica; Bouessel, Charles. "Chad: Averting the Risk of Post-transition Instability". Crisis Group. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
^ "Chad". mjp.univ-perp.fr. Digithéque MJP. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
^ Bernard Lanne, "Chad: Regime Change, Increased Insecurity, and Blockage of Further Reforms", Political Reform in Francophone Africa (1997), ed. Clark and Gardinier, pages 274–275.

This article about an African political party is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This Chad-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[6] After the 2021 election Idriss Déby died before the inauguration due injury while leading troop during the Northern Chad offensive.

[1] "Opposition condemns designation of Chad's military ruler as presidential candidate". Voice of America. The Standard. 16 January 2024. Retrieved 19 January 2024.

[2] Staff member. "Tchad: La dictature continue par d'autres moyens". Civicus Lens. Retrieved 9 July 2024.

[3] Picco, Enrica; Bouessel, Charles. "Chad: Averting the Risk of Post-transition Instability". Crisis Group. Retrieved 9 July 2024.

[4] "Chad". mjp.univ-perp.fr. Digithéque MJP. Retrieved 29 December 2024.

[5] Bernard Lanne, "Chad: Regime Change, Increased Insecurity, and Blockage of Further Reforms", Political Reform in Francophone Africa (1997), ed. Clark and Gardinier, pages 274–275.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[a]

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 | leader           =
 | president        = [[Haroun Kabadi]]
-| leader1_title = Honorary President
+| leader1_title    = Honorary President
-| leader1_name = [[Mahamat Déby]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Opposition condemns designation of Chad's military ruler as presidential candidate |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/africa/article/2001489044/opposition-condemns-designation-of-chads-military-ruler-as-presidential-candidate |access-date=19 January 2024 |work=[[Voice of America]] |agency=[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]] |date=16 January 2024}}</ref>
+| leader1_name     = [[Mahamat Déby]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Opposition condemns designation of Chad's military ruler as presidential candidate |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/africa/article/2001489044/opposition-condemns-designation-of-chads-military-ruler-as-presidential-candidate |access-date=19 January 2024 |work=[[Voice of America]] |agency=[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]] |date=16 January 2024}}</ref>
 | general_secretary =
 | first_secretary  =
-| secretary_general = Haroun Kabadi
+| secretary_general = Mahamat Zen Bada
 | presidium        =
 | secretary        =
 | spokesperson     =
-| founder          = [[Idriss Déby]]
+| founder          = [[Idriss Déby]]<br />[[Abbas Koty]]<br />[[Bada Abbas Maldoum]]<br />[[Hissein Dassert]]
-| ideology         = [[Nationalism]]<br/>[[Authoritarianism]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Staff member |title=Tchad: La dictature continue par d’autres moyens |url=https://lens.civicus.org/tchad-la-dictature-continue-par-dautres-moyens/ |access-date=9 July 2024 |agency=Civicus Lens}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Picco |first1=Enrica |last2=Bouessel |first2=Charles |title=Chad: Averting the Risk of Post-transition Instability |url=https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/central-africa/chad/tchad-prevenir-les-risques-dinstabilite-apres-la-transition |access-date=9 July 2024 |agency=Crisis Group}}</ref>
+| ideology         = [[Nationalism]]<br />[[Authoritarianism]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Staff member |title=Tchad: La dictature continue par d'autres moyens |url=https://lens.civicus.org/tchad-la-dictature-continue-par-dautres-moyens/ |access-date=9 July 2024 |agency=Civicus Lens}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Picco |first1=Enrica |last2=Bouessel |first2=Charles |title=Chad: Averting the Risk of Post-transition Instability |url=https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/central-africa/chad/tchad-prevenir-les-risques-dinstabilite-apres-la-transition |access-date=9 July 2024 |agency=Crisis Group}}</ref> [[Secularism]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Chad |url=https://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/td1991.htm |website=mjp.univ-perp.fr |publisher=Digithéque MJP |access-date=29 December 2024}}</ref>
 | position         = [[Big tent]]
 | headquarters     =
@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 | native_name_lang = fr
 | lang1            = Arabic
-| name_lang1       = {{lang|ar|الحركة الوطنية للإنقاذ}}
+| name_lang1       = الحركة الوطنية للإنقاذ
 | lang2            =
 | name_lang2       =
@@ Line 42: / Line 42: @@
 | founded          = {{start date|1990|03|11|df=y}}
 | dissolved        = <!-- {{end date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} -->
+| merger           = [[1 April Movement]]<br />[[Chadian National Salvation Movement|MOSONAT]]<br />[[Chadian Armed Forces-Popular Revolutionary Movement|FAT/MRP]]
-| merger           =
 | split            =
-| predecessor      = [[1 April Movement]]
+| predecessor      =
 | merged           =
 | successor        =
@@ Line 68: / Line 68: @@
 | affiliation1     =
 | colors           = <!-- or: | colours = -->
-| slogan           = "{{lang|fr|Mourir pour le Salut}}" ("Dying for Salvation")
+| slogan           = ''Mourir pour le Salut''<br>('Dying for Salvation')
 | anthem           =
 | blank1_title     = [[National Assembly (Chad)|Seats in the National Assembly]]
@@ Line 91: / Line 91: @@
 }}
-The '''Patriotic Salvation Movement''' ({{lang-ar|الحركة الوطنية للإنقاذ}};{{R needed}} {{lang-fr|Mouvement patriotique du salut}}, MPS) is the ruling [[political party]] in [[Chad]].
+The '''Patriotic Salvation Movement''' ({{langx|ar|الحركة الوطنية للإنقاذ}};{{R needed}} {{langx|fr|Mouvement patriotique du salut}}, MPS) is the ruling [[political party]] in [[Chad]].
 ==History==
@@ Line 98: / Line 98: @@
 Déby was the MPS candidate in the [[Chadian presidential election, 1996|1996 presidential election]] and won in a second round. He was again the MPS candidate in the [[Chadian presidential election, 2001|presidential election]] of 20 May 2001, receiving 63.2% of the vote. In the [[Chadian parliamentary election, 2002|parliamentary election]] held on 21 April 2002, the MPS won according to [[Inter-Parliamentary Union|IPU Parline]] 113 out of 155 seats. In the [[Chadian presidential election, 2006|May 2006 presidential election]], Déby was re-elected with 64.7% of the vote.
-==Election results==
+==Election history==
 ===Presidential elections===
 {| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
-!rowspan=2|Election
+! rowspan="2" |Election
 !rowspan=2|Party candidate
 !colspan=2|First round
@@ Line 112: / Line 112: @@
 !%
 |-
-![[1996 Chadian presidential election|1996]]
+|[[1996 Chadian presidential election|1996]]
-|rowspan=6|[[Idriss Déby]]
+| rowspan="6" |[[Idriss Déby]]
 |1,016,277
 |43.82%
@@ Line 120: / Line 120: @@
 |'''Elected''' {{Y}}
 |-
-![[2001 Chadian presidential election|2001]]
+|[[2001 Chadian presidential election|2001]]
 |1,533,509
 |63.17%
@@ Line 127: / Line 127: @@
 |'''Elected''' {{Y}}
 |-
-![[2006 Chadian presidential election|2006]]
+|[[2006 Chadian presidential election|2006]]
 |1,863,042
 |64.67%
@@ Line 134: / Line 134: @@
 |'''Elected''' {{Y}}
 |-
-![[2011 Chadian presidential election|2011]]
+|[[2011 Chadian presidential election|2011]]
 |2,503,813
 |88.66%
@@ Line 141: / Line 141: @@
 |'''Elected''' {{Y}}
 |-
-![[2016 Chadian presidential election|2016]]
+|[[2016 Chadian presidential election|2016]]
 |2,219,352
 |59.92%
@@ Line 148: / Line 148: @@
 |'''Elected''' {{Y}}
 |-
-![[2021 Chadian presidential election|2021]]{{efn|After the 2021 election Idriss Déby died before the inaguration due injury while leading troop during the [[2021 Northern Chad offensive|Northern Chad offensive]].}}
+|[[2021 Chadian presidential election|2021]]{{efn|After the 2021 election Idriss Déby died before the inauguration due injury while leading troop during the [[2021 Northern Chad offensive|Northern Chad offensive]].}}
 |3,663,431
 |79.32%
@@ Line 155: / Line 155: @@
 |'''Elected''' {{Y}}
 |-
-![[2024 Chadian presidential election|2024]]
+|[[2024 Chadian presidential election|2024]]
 |[[Mahamat Déby]]
 |3,777,279
@@ Line 167: / Line 167: @@
 ===National Assembly elections===
 {| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
-!rowspan=2|Election
+! rowspan="2" |Election
 !rowspan=2|Party leader
 !Votes
@@ Line 176: / Line 176: @@
 !rowspan=2|+/–
 !rowspan=2|Position
-!rowspan=2|'''Result'''
+!rowspan=2|Result
 |-
 !colspan=2|First round
 !colspan=2|Second round
 |-
-![[1997 Chadian parliamentary election|1997]]
+|[[1997 Chadian parliamentary election|1997]]
 |
 |504,045
@@ Line 192: / Line 192: @@
 |{{yes2|Majority government}}
 |-
-![[2002 Chadian parliamentary election|2002]]
+|[[2002 Chadian parliamentary election|2002]]
 |[[Nagoum Yamassoum]]
 |
@@ Line 203: / Line 203: @@
 |{{yes2|Supermajority government}}
 |-
-![[2011 Chadian parliamentary election|2011]]
+|[[2011 Chadian parliamentary election|2011]]
 |[[Haroun Kabadi]]
 |colspan=4|{{Small|in alliance with [[Rally for Democracy and Progress (Chad)|RDP]] and [[National Rally for Development and Progress|RNDP]]}}

v t e Elections and referendums in Chad
Presidential elections	1969 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016 2021 2024
Parliamentary elections	1946–47 1952 1957 1959 1962 1963 1969 1990 1997 2002 2011 2024
French elections	1945 1946 (Jun) 1946 (Nov) 1951 1956
Referendums	1945 1946 (May) 1946 (Oct) 1958 1989 1996 2005 2023

v t e Political parties in Chad
Active	Action for Renewal of Chad Chadian Action for Unity and Socialism Federation, Action for the Republic Les Transformateurs National Democratic and Federal Convention National Democratic and Social Convention National Rally for Development and Progress National Rally of Chadian Democrats National Union National Union for Democracy and Renewal Party for Liberty and Development Patriotic Salvation Movement People's Movement for Democracy in Chad Rally for Democracy and Progress Rally for the Republic – Lingui Rally of Democratic Forces in Chad Renewed African Socialist Movement Socialist Party Without Borders Union for Democracy and the Republic Union for Renewal and Democracy
Defunct	African National Party Chadian Democratic Union Chadian National Union Chadian Progressive Party Chadian Social Action Civic Action Front of Chad Democratic Front of Chad Grouping of Rural and Independent Chadians Independent Democratic Union of Chad Independent Socialist Party of Chad (1950) Independent Socialist Party of Chad (1955) National Union for Independence and Revolution
Portal:Politics Lists of political parties Politics of Chad

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF
National	United States