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Air Mata Iboe

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Air Mata Iboe
A black-and-white advertisement
Newspaper advertisement, Surabaya
Directed byNjoo Cheong Seng
Screenplay byNjoo Cheong Seng
Produced byFred Young
Starring
Music byR. Koesbini
Production
company
Majestic Film Company
Release date
  • 24 December 1941 (1941-12-24) (Dutch East Indies)
CountryDutch East Indies
LanguageIndonesian

Air Mata Iboe (Perfected spelling: Air Mata Ibu; Indonesian for Mother's Tears) is a film from the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) directed and written by Njoo Cheong Seng. The last production completed by Fred Young's Majestic Film Company, the film starred Fifi Young, Rd Ismail, A. Sarosa, and Ali Yugo and followed a mother who raises her children attentively but is ultimately betrayed by her eldest sons. The film extensively featured then-popular keroncong music. Air Mata Iboe, likely lost, was released in December 1941; however, some sources report that it was completed during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia (1942–1945) by Tan Tjoei Hock. The film was remade, under the same title, in 1957.

Plot

Sugiati (Fifi Young) is the mother of four grown children, three sons (Achmad [Rd. Ismail], Idris [S. Poniman], Sumadi [A. Sarosa]) and a daughter named Supinah (Sulami). She loves them all, but Sumadi receives the most attention of her attention because he receives little from his father Subagio (Ali Yugo). Unknown to the family, Subagio is leading a double life as a robber, and when he is caught Sumadi declares himself to have been the culprit and is exiled. In a fit of guilt Subagio catches ill and dies soon afterwards, leaving Sugiati to fend for herself. Her rich sons Achmad and Idris refuse to take her in; her daughter, Supinah, is willing to take her in but is too destitute. As a result, Sugiati must find an old age home and depend on the kindness of strangers. Upon returning from exile Sumadi take revenge on his brothers.[1]

Production

The Malang-based Majestic Film Company announced Air Mata Iboe in June 1941 together with two other films, Boedi Terbenam (Hidden Character) and Bachtera Karam (Wrecked Ark).[a] Production began soon afterwards.[2] The film was directed and written by Njoo Cheong Seng under his penname M. d'Amour and produced by Fred Young, the owner of Majestic.[3] It starred Njoo's wife Fifi Young (no relation to Fred), Rd. Ismail, A. Sarosa, and Ali Yugo.[1] Njoo had previously directed Djantoeng Hati (Heart and Soul; 1941), which also had a tragic ending, for the company. However, it was his wife's first film for Majestic; she had been ill during the earlier film's shooting. Young portrayed Sugiati from a youthful mother to old woman with the assistance of make up.[4]

The black-and-white film featured eleven keroncong (traditional music with Portuguese influences) songs written by music director R. Koesbini.[1] Five members of the film's cast were well known keroncong singers, namely Soerip, Titing, Soelami, Ning Nong, and Poniman.[3][5][6]

Air Mata Iboe had a large budget and production, which began in 1941, took a long time.[6] According to testimony from director Tan Tjoei Hock, Air Mata Iboe remained incomplete when the Japanese occupation began in early 1942, closing almost all of the film studios in the Dutch East Indies. Njoo had established his own theatre troupe soon after the occupation began and was joined by Fred and Fifi Young; according to his testimony, Tan completed the film sometime between 1942 and 1945.[4][7] However, advertisements and reviews had been published in Surabaya-based newspapers in December 1941.[8][9]

Release and reception

A black-and-white image of a young woman reading a letter to an older one
Sulami and Fifi Young in a scene from the film.

Air Mata Iboe premiered at Sampoerna Theater in Surabaya on 24 December 1941. Also advertised under the Dutch-language title Tranen Eener Moeder, a literal translation of the Indonesian title, the film was promoted as a "musical extravaganza".[b][8] An anonymous review in the Soerabaijasch Handelsblad noted the extensive use of keroncong and praised the acting and singing, suggesting that native audiences would flock to see the film.[9]

Air Mata Iboe was the last film produced by Majestic Film Company, which closed following the Japanese occupation.[4] A remake of the film, directed by Fred Young, was made in 1957, after Indonesia had obtained its independence. Fifi Young retook her role as Sugiati, while Rd. Ismail took the role of Subagio. The remake's other cast members had not appeared in the original film.[10]

The film is likely lost. The American visual anthropologist Karl G. Heider writes that all Indonesian films from before 1950 are lost.[11] However, JB Kristanto's Katalog Film Indonesia (Indonesian Film Catalogue) records several as having survived at Sinematek Indonesia's archives, and Indonesian film historian Misbach Yusa Biran writes that several Japanese propaganda films have survived at the Netherlands Government Information Service.[12]

Explanatory notes

  1. ^ Biran (2009, pp. 379–386) does not record the latter two titles in his list of films of the Dutch East Indies. They may never have been completed.
  2. ^ Original: "muzikale extravaganza"

References

  1. ^ a b c Filmindonesia.or.id, Air Mata Iboe.
  2. ^ Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1941, Majestic Film Coy.
  3. ^ a b Filmindonesia.or.id, Kredit Air Mata Iboe.
  4. ^ a b c Biran 2009, pp. 240–241.
  5. ^ Filmindonesia.or.id, S Poniman.
  6. ^ a b Biran 2009, p. 278.
  7. ^ TIM, Fifi Young.
  8. ^ a b Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1941, (untitled).
  9. ^ a b Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1941, Sampoerna theater.
  10. ^ Filmindonesia.or.id, Air Mata Ibu.
  11. ^ Heider 1991, p. 14.
  12. ^ Biran 2009, p. 351.

Works cited

  • "Air Mata Iboe". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 25 July 2012. Retrieved 25 July 2012.
  • "Air Mata Ibu". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 19 May 2013. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
  • Biran, Misbach Yusa (2009). Sejarah Film 1900–1950: Bikin Film di Jawa (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Komunitas Bamboo working with the Jakarta Art Council. ISBN 978-979-3731-58-2. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • "Fifi Young" (in Indonesian). Taman Ismail Marzuki. Archived from the original on 19 August 2012. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
  • Heider, Karl G (1991). Indonesian Cinema: National Culture on Screen. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-1367-3. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • "Kredit Air Mata Iboe". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 19 May 2013. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
  • "Majestic Film Coy. Aanvang werkzaamheden". Soerabaijasch Handelsblad (in Dutch). Surabaya: Kolff & Co. 14 June 1941. p. 12. Retrieved 4 March 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • "S Poniman". filmindonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 19 May 2013. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
  • "Sampoerna theater „Air Mata Iboe"". Soerabaijasch Handelsblad (in Dutch). Surabaya: Kolff & Co. 24 December 1941. p. 7. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
  • "(untitled)". Soerabaijasch Handelsblad (in Dutch). Surabaya: Kolff & Co. 24 December 1941. p. 7. Retrieved 19 May 2013.

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