Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation/VerifiedDataSandbox and Tellurium tetrachloride: Difference between pages

| Verifiedfields = changed

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 470478962

| Name = Tellurium tetrachloride

| ImageFile = Tellurium-tetrachloride-tetramer-from-xtal-2000-3D-balls.png

| ImageName = Tellurium tetrachloride

| IUPACName = Tellurium(IV) chloride<br />Tetratellurium hexadecachloride

| OtherNames = Tellurium chloride

| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| SMILES_Comment = monomer

| SMILES1 = [Cl+2]12[Te-2](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)3[Cl+2]4[Te-2](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)1[Cl+2]5[Te-2](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)2[Cl+2]3[Te-2]45(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)

| SMILES1_Comment = tetramer

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}

| CASNo = 10026-07-0

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}

| UNII = DNY2R5498H

| PubChem = 61443

| RTECS =

| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties

| Formula = TeCl₄

| MolarMass = 269.41 g/mol

| Appearance = [[hygroscopic]] pale yellow solid<br />(if fused, maroon liquid)

| Density = 3.26&nbsp;g/cm³, solid

| Solubility =

| MeltingPtC = 224

| BoilingPtC = 380

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure

| CrystalStruct = [[Monoclinic]], [[Pearson symbol|mS80]]

| SpaceGroup = C12/c1, No. 15

| MolShape = [[Seesaw molecular geometry|Seesaw]] (gas phase)

| Coordination = Distorted octahedral (Te)

| Dipole = 2.59 [[Debye|D]] (gas phase)

| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards

| ExternalSDS =

| MainHazards = Toxic, corrosive,<br/>respiratory irritant

| FlashPt =

| Section8 = {{Chembox Related

| OtherAnions = [[Tellurium tetrafluoride]]<br />[[Tellurium tetrabromide]]<br />[[Tellurium tetraiodide]]

| OtherCations = [[Selenium tetrachloride]]<br />[[Polonium tetrachloride]]

| OtherCompounds = [[Tellurium dichloride]]

'''Tellurium tetrachloride''' is the [[inorganic compound]] with the [[empirical formula]] TeCl₄. The compound is volatile, subliming at 200&nbsp;°C at 0.1&nbsp;mmHg.<ref name = "Greenwood">{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}</ref> Molten TeCl₄ is ionic, dissociating into TeCl₃⁺ and Te₂Cl₁₀^2&minus;.<ref name = "Greenwood"/>

==Structure==

TeCl₄ is monomeric in the gas phase, with a structure similar to that of [[Sulfur tetrafluoride|SF₄]].<ref>{{Cotton&Wilkinson6th}}</ref> In the solid state, it is a [[tetramer]]ic [[cubane-type cluster]], consisting of a Te₄Cl₄ core and three terminal chloride ligands for each Te. Alternatively, this tetrameric structure can be considered as a Te₄ tetrahedron with face-capping chlorines and three terminal chlorines per tellurium atom, giving each tellurium atom a distorted octahedral environment

==Synthesis==

TeCl₄ is prepared by [[chlorination reaction|chlorination]] of [[tellurium]] powder:

:Te + 2 Cl₂ → TeCl₄

The reaction is initiated with heat. The product is isolated by distillation.<ref>{{cite book | author = Suttle, J. F.; Smith, C. R. F. | year = 1950 | title = Inorganic Syntheses | volume = 3 | pages = 140–2 | isbn = 978-0-470-13162-6 | doi = 10.1002/9780470132340 | editor1-last = Audrieth | editor1-first = Ludwig F.}}</ref>

==Reactions==

Tellurium tetrachloride is the gateway compound for high valent [[organotellurium compound]]s. Arylation gives, depending on conditions, {{chem2|Te(C6H4R)2Cl2, [Te(C6H4R)5]-, [Te(C6H4R)6]}}.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1002/chem.200305260 |title=Syntheses and Reactions of Hexavalent Organotellurium Compounds Bearing Five or Six Tellurium-Carbon Bonds |date=2004 |last1=Miyasato |first1=Masataka |last2=Sagami |first2=Takao |last3=Minoura |first3=Mao |last4=Yamamoto |first4=Yohsuke |last5=Akiba |first5=Kin-ya |journal=Chemistry – A European Journal |volume=10 |issue=10 |pages=2590–2600 |pmid=15146530 }}</ref>

TeCl₄ has few applications in organic synthesis. Its equivalent weight is high, and the toxicity of organotellurium compounds is problematic. Possible applications of tellurium tetrachloride to [[organic synthesis]] have been reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Petragnani |first1= N. |last2=Comasseto |first2=J. V. |title= Tellurium Reagents in Organic Synthesis; Recent Advances. Part 1 |journal=Synthesis |volume= 1991 |year=1991 |issue=10 |pages=793–817 |doi=10.1055/s-1991-26577|s2cid= 260335920 }} and {{cite journal |last1=Petragnani |first1= N. |last2=Comasseto |first2=J. V. |title= Tellurium Reagents in Organic Synthesis; Recent Advances. Part 2 |journal=Synthesis |volume= 1991 |year=1991 |issue=11 |pages=897–919 |doi=10.1055/s-1991-26605|s2cid= 196716602 }}</ref> It adds to alkenes to give Cl-C-C-TeCl₃ derivatives, wherein the Te can be subsequently removed with sodium sulfide. Electron-rich arenes react to give aryl Te compounds. Thus, [[anisole]] gives TeCl₂(C₆H₄OMe)₂, which can be reduced to the diaryl telluride.

==Safety considerations==

As is the case for other tellurium compounds, TeCl₄ is toxic. It also releases HCl upon hydrolysis.

==References==

<references/>

{{Tellurium compounds}}

{{Chlorides}}

[[Category:Tellurium(IV) compounds]]

[[Category:Chlorides]]

[[Category:Tellurium halides]]

[[Category:Deliquescent materials]]

[[Category:Chalcohalides]]