AVIF

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AV1 Image File Format (AVIF)
Filename extension
.avif, .avifs
Internet media type
image/avif
Developed byAlliance for Open Media
Initial releasev1.0.0, February 19, 2019
Type of format
Contained byHEIF
Extended fromHEIF, ISOBMFF, AV1
Open format?Yes
Websiteaomediacodec.github.io/av1-avif/

AV1 Image File Format (AVIF) is an open, royalty-free image file format specification for storing images or image sequences compressed with AV1 in the HEIF container format.[1][2] It competes with HEIC, which uses the same container format built upon ISOBMFF, but HEVC for compression. Version 1.0.0 of the AVIF specification was finalized in February 2019.

In a number of tests by Netflix in 2020, AVIF showed better compression efficiency than JPEG as well as better detail preservation, fewer blocking artifacts and less color bleeding around hard edges in composites of natural images, text, and graphics.[3]

Features

The AV1 Image File Format supports:

Profiles

AVIF specification defines two image profiles:[1]

  • AVIF Baseline Profile
    • Uses AV1 Main Profile
    • AV1 level is 5.1 or lower
      • Level 5.1 is chosen for the Baseline profile to ensure that no single coded image exceeds 8K resolution, as some decoders may not be able to handle larger images. More precisely, coded image items compliant to the AVIF Baseline profile may not have a total number of pixels greater than 8,912,896, a width greater than 8,192, or a height greater than 4,352. It is still possible to use the Baseline profile to create larger images using grid derivation.
  • AVIF Advanced Profile
    • Uses AV1 High Profile
    • AV1 level is 6.0 or lower
      • Coded image items compliant to the AVIF Advanced profile may not have a total number of pixels greater than 35,651,584, a width greater than 16,384, or a height greater than 8,704. It is still possible to use the Advanced profile to create larger images using grid derivation.

Support

On December 14, 2018, Netflix published the first .avif sample images.[7] In November 2020, HDR sample images with PQ transfer function and BT.2020 color primaries were published.[4]

libavif
Developer(s)Alliance for Open Media
Stable release
1.0.4 / February 8, 2024; 3 months ago (2024-02-08)
Repositoryhttps://github.com/AOMediaCodec/libavif Edit this on Wikidata
Written in
Operating systemcross-platform
LicenseBSD 2-Clause License (free software)
Websiteaomediacodec.github.io/av1-avif/ Edit this on Wikidata

Web browsers

  • In August 2020, Google Chrome version 85 was released with full AVIF support.[8] Google Chrome 89 for Android adds AVIF support.[9]
  • In October 2021, Mozilla Firefox 93 was released with default AVIF support.[10]
  • WebKit added AVIF support on March 5, 2021. Safari for iOS 16 and macOS Ventura added support for AVIF; iOS 16 was released on September 12, 2022[11] and macOS Ventura on October 24, 2022.[12] Safari 16.4 retroactively added AVIF support for macOS Monterey and macOS Big Sur.[13]
  • Microsoft Edge added AVIF support in version 121 released in January 2024.[14]

Image viewers

Media players

  • VLC will read AVIF files starting with version 4, which is still in development.[20]

Image editors

  • Paint.net added support for opening AVIF files in September 2019,[21] and the ability to save AVIF format images in an August 2020 update.[22]
  • The Colorist format conversion and Darktable RAW image data have each released support for and provide reference implementations of libavif.
  • GIMP added Native AVIF import and export in October 2020.[23]
  • IrfanView 4.57, released on January 13, 2021, added read-only AVIF support via its plugins.[24][25][26]
  • Krita 5.0, released on December 23, 2021, added AVIF support. The support also includes Rec.2100 HDR AVIF images.[27][28]
  • Adobe Illustrator (May 2022 release) added AVIF support.[29]
  • Pixelmator Pro 3.1, released on November 2, 2022, added initial AVIF support.[30]
  • Adobe Lightroom 7.0 (October 2023 release) and Lightroom Classic 13 (October 2023 release) added HDR capabilities, including opening and saving photos in AVIF format.[31][32]

Image libraries

  • libavif – portable library for encoding and decoding AVIF files.
  • libheif – ISO/IEC 23008-12:2017 HEIF and AVIF decoder and encoder.
  • SAIL – format-agnostic library with support of AVIF implemented on top of libavif.
  • FFmpeg

Operating systems

  • Windows – Microsoft announced support with the Windows 10, version 1903 preview release, including support in File Explorer, Paint, and multiple APIs, together with sample images.
  • Android – Android 12, released on October 4, 2021, added native support for AVIF.[33]
  • Linux – AVIF is widely supported in Linux distributions. With the release of libavif 0.8.0 in July 2020, which added a GdkPixbuf plugin, AVIF support is present in most GNOME/GTK applications.[34] The KDE Frameworks added support for AVIF to the "KImageFormats" library in January 2021, enabling most KDE/Qt applications to support viewing and saving AVIF images.[35] Nomacs 3.16 adds support for AVIF viewing and conversion. Nomacs appimage is also for older Linux.
  • Apple platforms – iOS 16, iPadOS 16 and macOS Ventura natively support AVIF. AVIF images can be directly viewed in the Finder, with QuickLook, in the iOS Files app, etc.

Websites

  • Cloudflare announced AVIF support in a blog post on October 3, 2020.[36]
  • Vimeo announced AVIF support in a blog post on 3 June 2021.[37]
  • Wordpress 6.5 added AVIF support.[38]

Programming languages

  • PHP has had AVIF support in its GD extension since PHP version 8.1.[39]
  • Perl has support via the Imager library suite[40]

Others

  • ExifTool has supported AVIF format for reading and writing EXIF since version 11.79 (released December 12, 2019).

References

  1. ^ a b c "AV1 Image File Format (AVIF)". AOMediaCodec.GitHub.io. Archived from the original on 29 November 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
  2. ^ https://aomedia.org/blog%20posts/avif-meet-the-next-level-image-file-format/
  3. ^ Mavlankar, Aditya; De Cock, Jan; Concolato, Cyril; Swanson, Kyle; Moorthy, Anush; Aaron, Anne (2020-02-13). "AVIF for Next-Generation Image Coding". The Netflix Tech Blog. Archived from the original on 2020-02-15. Retrieved 2021-11-19.
  4. ^ a b "av1-avif/testFiles/Netflix/avif/README.md at master · joedrago/av1-avif". GitHub. Retrieved 2023-07-05.
  5. ^ a b Concolato, Cyril (14 October 2019). "AV1 Image File Format (AVIF)" (PDF). AOMedia. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  6. ^ "Film Grain Synthesis for AV1 Video Codec" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 January 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
  7. ^ "Netflix AV1 Encodes Readme". Archived from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  8. ^ Abrams, Lawrence (2020-08-25). "Chrome 85 released with security fixes, app shortcuts, AVIF support". Bleeping Computer. Archived from the original on 26 August 2020. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
  9. ^ "Chrome 89 Beta: Advanced Hardware Interactions, Web Sharing on Desktop, and More". Archived from the original on 29 January 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  10. ^ "Firefox 93.0, See All New Features, Updates and Fixes". Mozilla. Retrieved 2021-10-05.
  11. ^ "WebKit Features in Safari 16.0". 12 September 2022.
  12. ^ "MacOS Ventura is now available".
  13. ^ "Safari 16.4 Beta Release Notes".
  14. ^ dan-wesley (2024-01-26). "Microsoft Edge release notes for Stable Channel". learn.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2024-01-27.
  15. ^ "README.md · main · GNOME / Loupe · GitLab". gitlab.gnome.org.
  16. ^ "ImageMagick AVIF support". Github. Archived from the original on 9 September 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  17. ^ "IrfanView AVIF support". IrfanView. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  18. ^ "416941 – AVIF image support". bugs.kde.org. Retrieved 2022-06-12.
  19. ^ "DigiKam 7.7.0 is Released". 26 June 2022.
  20. ^ "no display of .avif files with dav1d decoder (#21568) · Issues · VideoLAN / VLC". GitLab. Retrieved 2021-10-08.
  21. ^ "paint.net 4.2.2 is now available!". paint.net blog. 2019-09-18. Archived from the original on 27 September 2019. Retrieved 2019-10-12.
  22. ^ "paint.net 4.2.14 alpha build 7542". 2020-08-25. Archived from the original on 1 October 2020. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
  23. ^ "GIMP 2.10.22 Released". GIMP.org. 7 October 2020. Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2020.
  24. ^ "History of IrfanView Changes/Versions (for version 4.57, lists release date of January 13, 2021, and doesn't mention AVIF but says there were numerous changes not mentioned and suggests looking at plugins page for more info)". 14 January 2021. Archived from the original on 14 January 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  25. ^ "IrfanView Plugins 4.56 (AVIF not mentioned as supported anywhere)". 10 January 2021. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  26. ^ "IrfanView Plugins 4.57 (AVIF explicitly mentioned as supported)". 18 January 2021. Archived from the original on 18 January 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  27. ^ "Krita 5.0 released!". 23 December 2021.
  28. ^ Foundation, Krita. "Krita 5.0 Release Notes".
  29. ^ "Feature summary – Illustrator (May 2022 release)". 2022-07-28. Archived from the original on 2022-09-25. Retrieved 2022-05-11.
  30. ^ "Pixelmator Pro 3.1 adds support for macOS 13, AVIF images, introduces smooth corner style, and more".
  31. ^ "HDR Optimization". Adobe Inc.
  32. ^ "Edit and Export in HDR". Adobe Inc.
  33. ^ Burke, Dave (2021-10-04). "Android 12 Is Live in AOSP!". Android-Developers.GoogleBlog.com. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
  34. ^ "Add a gdk-pixbuf Module by Linkmauve". GitHub.
  35. ^ "KDE Ships Frameworks 5.78.0". KDE.org. 2021-01-09.
  36. ^ "AVIF image format supported by Cloudflare Image Resizing". The Cloudflare Blog. 3 October 2020. Archived from the original on 3 October 2020. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  37. ^ "Upgrading Images on Vimeo". 2 June 2021. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
  38. ^ https://make.wordpress.org/core/2024/02/23/wordpress-6-5-adds-avif-support/
  39. ^ "PHP 8.1: GD: AVIF image support". PHP.Watch. 14 June 2021. Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
  40. ^ "Perl: Imager support". 11 July 2023.
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