Biblical names in their native languages
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This table is a list of names in the Bible in their native languages. This table is only in its beginning stages. There are thousands of names in the Bible. It will take the work of many Wikipedia users to make this table complete.
| English name | Type of proper noun |
Start year (approximate) |
End year (approximate) |
Native language name | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andrew of Bethsaida (Son of Jonah & Joanna) An apostle of Jesus |
Person | AD 5 | AD 65 | Andrew Koinē Greek: Ἀνδρέας Pronunciation: Awn-dray-yiss Andrew of Bethsaida Greek: Ανδρέας της Βηθσαΐδας Pronunciation: Awn-dray-yiss teese Veeth-sie-doss | ||||||||||||
| Babylonia | Nation | 1894 BC | 539 BC | Akkadian: 𒆳𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 Pronunciation: Māt Akkadī Meaning: The Country of Akkad | ||||||||||||
| Belshazzar (Son of Nabonidus) (King of Babylonia) |
Person | 585 BC | 539 BC | Babylonian cuneiform:  Pronunciation: Bēl-šar-uṣur Meaning: Bel, protect the king | ||||||||||||
| Bethlehem (Beth Lehem) (This is the biblical birthplace of Jesus Christ. However some scholars believe he was born in Nazareth. See the main article for more information.) |
Village | 1400 BC | Village name during the kingdoms of Israel, Judah until the Siege of Jerusalem (930 BC to 587 BC): Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤁𐤉𐤕𐤋𐤄𐤌[1][2] Pronunciation: Bayawt Lahawm Meaning: House of Bread Village name from 587 BC through the time of Christ: Aramaic: בית לחם Pronunciation: Beit Lekhem Meaning: House of Bread | |||||||||||||
| Beth Shemesh |
Village | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤁𐤉𐤕𐤔𐤌𐤔 Pronunciation: Bayawt Shamawsh Meaning: House of Sun | ||||||||||||||
| Caesar, Augustus (son of Gaius Octavius & Atia) |
Person | 63 BC | AD 14 | Latin: AVGVSTVS CAESAR (Augustus Caesar) Pronunciation: Ow-goos-toos Kie-sar | ||||||||||||
| Canaan | Nation | Phoenician: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 KNʿN Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 Pronunciation: K-naw-un | ||||||||||||||
| Caiaphas, Joseph ben | Person | 14 BC | AD 46 | Hebrew: יהוסף בר קַיָפָא Pronunciation: Yeh-hoo-siff bar Kie-yuh-fuh | ||||||||||||
| David (Son of Jesse & Nitzevet bat Adael) |
Person | 1035 BC | 970 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤃𐤅𐤃 Pronunciation: Daw-weed Meaning: Beloved One | ||||||||||||
| David, House of (the linage of David) |
1035 BC | 970 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤁𐤉𐤕𐤃𐤅𐤃 Pronunciation: Bayt Daw-weed | |||||||||||||
| Egypt, Nation of | Nation | 3150 BC | 30 BC | Ancient Egyptian:
Pronunciation: Kemet Meaning: Black Land | ||||||||||||
| Egypt, Province of (Province of the Roman Republic from 30 to 27 BC, Province of the Roman Empire from 27 BC - AD 641) |
Province | 30 BC | AD 641 | Egypt: Ancient Egyptian:
Pronunciation: Kemet Meaning: Black Land | ||||||||||||
| Ezekiel (son of Buzi) |
Person | 622 BC | 570 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤇𐤆𐤒𐤀𐤋 Pronunciation: Yekh-khez-kell Meaning: Strength of God | ||||||||||||
| Hammurabi | Person | 1810 BC | 1750 BC | Akkadian: 𒄩𒄠𒈬𒊏𒁉 Pronunciation: Ḫâmmurapi | ||||||||||||
| Isaiah (son of Amoz) |
Person | 770 BC | 715 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤔𐤏𐤉𐤄𐤅 Yasha-yahoo Meaning: Yahweh is Salvation | ||||||||||||
| Israel, Kingdom of See: Kingdom of Israel between 1047 and 930 BC See: Kingdom of Israel between 930 and 720 BC (a.k.a. Kingdom of Samaria) (after the loss of the southern part due to the formation of the Kingdom of Judah) |
Nation | 1047 BC | 720 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋[3] Pronunciation: Yasharaal[3] | ||||||||||||
| Jacob of Nazareth (a.k.a. James) (brother of Jesus) (son of Mary & Joseph) |
Person | AD 1 | AD 66 | Jacob: Aramaic: יעקוב Transliteration: Yaw-aw-kove Jacob of Nazareth: Aramaic: יעקוב נצריא Pronunciation: Yaw-aw-kove Nawsh-rie-ya | ||||||||||||
| Jericho | Village | After 2348 BC (according to creation dating) 9000 BC (according to mainstream science) |
1400 BC | Ugaritic: 𐎊𐎗𐎃 Pronunciation: Yar-ree-kho | ||||||||||||
| Jerusalem | City | 3000 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤓𐤅𐤔𐤋𐤉𐤌 Transliteration: Yerushalayim | |||||||||||||
| Jesus of Nazareth Son of God and Mary Earthly Father: Joseph |
Person | 4 BC | AD 30 | Jesus: Aramaic: ישוע Aramaic with vowels: יֵשׁוּע Transliteration: Yeshu Meaning: Yahweh is Salvation Jesus of Nazareth Aramaic: ישוע נצריא Aramaic with vowels: יֵשׁוּע נָצרָיָא Transliteration: Yeshu Nawsh-rie-ya Jesus Christ / Jesus the Messiah Aramaic: ישוע משיחא Aramaic with vowels: יֵשׁוּע משִׁיחָא Transliteration: Yeshu Mesheekhaw | ||||||||||||
| Joshua (son of Nun) |
Person | 1355 BC | 1245 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤔𐤅𐤏[3] Pronunciation: Yaw-oo-shaw-oo-eh Meaning: Yahweh is Salvation | ||||||||||||
| Judah, Kingdom of (named after Judah, the son of Jacob and Leah) |
Nation | 930 BC | 586 BC | Judah: Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤃𐤄 Pronunciation: Yuh-how-wuh-duh | ||||||||||||
| Judah Maccabee (son of Mattathias ben Johanan) |
Person | 190 BC | 160 BC | Judah: Hebrew: יהודה Pronunciation: Yehudaw Judah Maccabee: Hebrew: יהודה המכבי Pronunciation: Yehudaw Haw-maw-kub-bee | ||||||||||||
| Jude, Province of (province within Babylonia, former Kingdom of Judah) |
Province | 586 BC | 539 BC | Jude: Aramaic: יהוד Pronunciation: Yehud | ||||||||||||
| Jude, Province of (province within Achaemenid Empire, former Kingdom of Judah) |
Province | 539 BC | 332 BC | Jude: Aramaic: יהוד Pronunciation: Yehud | ||||||||||||
| Jude, Province of (province within Coele-Syria, former Kingdom of Judah) |
Province | 332 BC | 64 BC | Jude: Aramaic: יהוד Pronunciation: Yehud | ||||||||||||
| Jude, Province of (province within Hasmonean dynasty, former Kingdom of Judah) |
Province | 64 BC | 37 BC | Jude: Aramaic: יהוד Pronunciation: Yehud | ||||||||||||
| Jude, Province of (province within Herodian Kingdom, former Kingdom of Judah) |
Province | 37 BC | 6 BC | Jude: Aramaic: יהוד Pronunciation: Yehud | ||||||||||||
| Jude, Province of (province within the Roman Empire, former Kingdom of Judah) |
Province | 6 BC | AD 135 | Jude: Aramaic: יהוד Pronunciation: Yehud | ||||||||||||
| Jude of Galilee (apostle of Jesus) |
Person | AD 1 | AD 65 | Jude: Aramaic: יהוד Pronunciation: Yehud | ||||||||||||
| Jude of Kerioth (a.k.a. Judas) (an apostle of Jesus who later betrayed him) |
Person | 3 BC | AD 33 | Jude: Aramaic: יהוד Pronunciation: Yehud | ||||||||||||
| Lucifer (Lucifer means the planet Venus, and is not another name for Satan. See main article for more information. It's used in Isaiah 14:12 a metaphor to refer to King Nebuchadnezzar II.) |
Planet | 4004 BC (according to creation dating) 4,500,000,000 BC (according to mainstream science) |
Akkadian: Ishtar (Ishtar is the actual name that King Nebuchadnezzar II would have known the Planet Venus by) (See here for various Akkadian script spellings of Ishtar) | |||||||||||||
| Luke (Luke the Evangelist) |
Person | AD 1 | AD 84 | Aramaic: לוקא Pronunciation: Luka | ||||||||||||
| Mary of Nazareth (daughter of Joachim & Anne) (Mother of Jesus) |
Person | 25 BC | AD 75 | Aramaic: מרים Pronunciation: Maryam Aramaic: מרים נצריא Transliteration: Maryam Nawsh-rie-ya | ||||||||||||
| Mary of Magdala (friend of Jesus) |
Person | AD 3 | AD 63 | Aramaic: מרים Pronunciation: Maryám | ||||||||||||
| Moses (son of Amram & Jochebed) |
Person | 1391 BC | 1271 BC | Ancient Egyptian:
Pronunciation: Mo-seh[5] Meaning: Is Born[5] | ||||||||||||
| Nazareth (This is the village that Jesus grew up in. Although Bethlehem is the biblical birthplace of Jesus, some scholars believe that Jesus was born in Nazareth.) |
Village | 2200 BC | Aramaic: נצרת Pronunciation: Naw-saw-reth | |||||||||||||
| Nebuchadnezzar II (son of Nabopolassar) (King of Babylonia) |
Person | 642 BC | 562 BC | Akkadian:  Pronunciation: Nabû-kudurri-uṣur Meaning: Nabu protect my boundary/heir | ||||||||||||
| Nefertari Meritmut (wife of Pharaoh Ramesses II) |
Person | 1301 BC | 1255 BC | Ancient Egyptian:
Pronunciation: Nefertari Ancient Egyptian:
Pronunciation: Nefertari Meritmut | ||||||||||||
| Paul of Tarsus | Person | AD 5 | AD 65 | Paul: Greek: Παύλος Pronunciation: Pávlos Paul of Tarsus: Greek: Ο Παύλος του Ταρσού Pronunciation: O Pávlos tou Tarsoú | ||||||||||||
| Pilate, Pontius (Pontius Pilate was the governor of the Roman province of Judaea. He gave the order to crucify Jesus.) |
Person | 20 BC | AD 36 | Latin: PONTIVS PILATVS (Pontius Pilatus) Pronunciation: Pone-tee-oos Pee-law-toos | ||||||||||||
| Quirinius, Publius Sulpicius Publius Quirinius was governor of the Roman province of Syria. He created the Roman province of Judaea, and conducted the Census of Quirinius in AD 6. The census was the reason that Joseph and Mary came to Bethlehem, Judaea for Jesus's birth. This contradicts Jesus being born during the time of King Herod I who died in 4 BC. |
Person | 51 BC | AD 21 | Latin: PVBLIVS SVLPICIVS QVIRINIVS (Publius Sulpicius Quirinius) Pronunciation: Poob-blee-oos Sul-pee-kee-oos Kweer-reen-nee-oos | ||||||||||||
| Ramesses I (son of Seti) Pharaoh of Egypt |
Person | 1345 BC | 1294 BC | Ancient Egyptian:
Pronunciation: Ra-mes-su | ||||||||||||
| Ramesses II (son of Menmaatre Seti I & Tuya) Pharaoh of Egypt |
Person | 1303 BC | 1213 BC | Ancient Egyptian:
Pronunciation: Ra-mes-su | ||||||||||||
| Roman Empire See: The Roman Empire between 27 BC and AD 395 See: The western part of the Roman Empire between AD 395 and 476 See: The eastern part of the Roman Empire between AD 395 and 476 See: The Roman Empire between AD 476 and 1453 (after the loss of the western part) |
Nation | 27 BC | AD 1453 | Roman Empire: Latin: IMPERIVM ROMANVM (Imperium Romanum) Pronunciation: Eem-pair-ee-oom Ro-muh-noom Rome (short name): Latin: ROMA (Roma) Pronunciation: Roma | ||||||||||||
| Roman Kingdom | Nation | 753 BC | 509 BC | Roman Kingdom: Latin: REGNVM ROMANVM (Regnum Romanum) Pronunciation: Rayg-noom Ro-muh-noom Rome (short name): Latin: ROMA (Roma) Pronunciation: Roma | ||||||||||||
| Roman Republic | Nation | 509 BC | 27 BC | Roman Republic: Latin: RES PVBLICA ROMANA (Res Publica Romana) Pronunciation: Res poob-lee-ka Ro-muh-na Rome (short name): Latin: ROMA (Roma) Pronunciation: Roma | ||||||||||||
| Samson (son of Manoah) |
Person | 1154 BC | 1124 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤔𐤌𐤔𐤅𐤍 Pronunciation: Shaw-ma-shie-yun | ||||||||||||
| Samuel (Son of Elkanah & Hannah) |
Person | 1070 | 1012 | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤔𐤌𐤅𐤀𐤋 Shaw-maw-yaw-ul | ||||||||||||
| Seti (father of Pharaoh Ramesses I) |
Person | Ancient Egyptian:
Pronunciation: Sethi}} | ||||||||||||||
| Simon of Cana Apostle of Jesus |
Person | AD 65 | Simon: Aramaic: שמעון Pronunciation: Sheem-own | |||||||||||||
| Simon Ben Jonah a.k.a. Peter Apostle of Jesus |
Person | AD 1 | AD 66 | Simon: Aramaic: שמעון Pronunciation: Sheem-own Simon Ben Jonah: Aramaic: שמעון בר יונה Pronunciation: Sheem-own Ball Yonaw Peter: Aramaic: כיפא Aramaic with vowels: כֵּיפָא Pronunciation: Keifa Meaning: Rock/Stone | ||||||||||||
| Sinai Peninsula | Region | Ancient Egyptian:
Pronunciation: Biau Meaning: The Mining Country Ancient Egyptian:
Pronunciation: Khetiu Mafkat}} Meaning: The Ladders of Turquoise | ||||||||||||||
| Sinim (biblical name of Qin, a state of Zhou) |
State | 897 BC | 207 BC | Old Chinese (Bronze inscriptions):  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]i[n]/ (Zhengzhang): /*zin/ | ||||||||||||
| Solomon (son of David and Bathsheba) |
Person | 990 BC | 931 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤔𐤋𐤌𐤄[3] Pronunciation: Shalamah[3] Meaning: Peace | ||||||||||||
| Sumer | Nation | After 2348 BC (according to creation dating) 5500 BC (according to mainstream science) |
1800 BC | Akkadian: 𒋗𒈨𒊒 Pronunciation: Shoo-mer-roo | ||||||||||||
| Timothy of Ephesus | AD 30 | AD 97 | Greek: Τιμόθεος Pronunciation: Tee-moe-thay-ose | |||||||||||||
| Ur (of the Chaldees) | City | After 2348 BC (according to creation dating) 3800 BC (according to mainstream science) |
After 500 BC | Akkadian: 𒋀𒀕𒆠 Pronunciation: urim₂ki /Urim/, “Ur”}} |
See also
[edit]- Al-Sarkha (Bakhah), Jubb'adin, and Maaloula - the three remaining Syrian villages that still speak Western Aramaic
- Aramaic alphabet
- Babylonian Exile
- Bible translations
- Ketef Hinnom scrolls, the oldest surviving scrolls of the bible
- List of biblical names
- List of cuneiform signs
- List of Egyptian hieroglyphs
- Peshitta, a Syriac translation of the bible
- Proto-Canaanite alphabet
- Pharaohs in the Bible
- Second Temple period
References
[edit]- ^ Ancient Bethlehem seal unearthed in Jerusalem https://phys.org/news/2012-05-ancient-bethlehem-unearthed-jerusalem.html
- ^ Associates for Biblical Research - Bethlehem' Seal Uncovered in the City of David https://biblearchaeology.org/current-events-list/3550-bethlehem-seal-uncovered-in-the-city-of-david
- ^ a b c d e Paleohebrewdictionary.org https://www.paleohebrewdictionary.org/
- ^ Moses Name in Hyroglyphics https://www.biblehistory.net/newsletter/Moses.htm
- ^ a b Encyclopaedia Britannica - Moses Hebrew Prophet https://www.britannica.com/biography/Moses-Hebrew-prophet
- ^ Seti I in hieroglyphics https://pharaoh.se/pharaoh/Seti-I