Haribhadra (Buddhist philosopher)
Haribhadra, also known as Shizi Xian (simplified Chinese: 狮子贤; traditional Chinese: 獅子賢; pinyin: Shīzixián) or Sengge Zangpo (Tibetan: སེང་གེ་བཟང་པོ་, Wylie: seng-ge bzang-po; both names mean "righteous lion") was an 8th-century CE Buddhist philosopher, and a disciple of Śāntarakṣita, an early Indian Buddhist missionary to Tibet. He was one of the founding monks of the Vikramashila monastery in modern-day Bihar, India and he was also the preceptor[1] of the Pala Empire, Dharmapala.[2][3]
A notable student of his was the monk Buddhajñapada who also played a role in founding Vikramashila.[4]
Works[edit]
Haribhadra's commentary on the Abhisamayalankara was one of the most influential of the twenty-one Indian commentaries on that text, perhaps because of its author's status as Shantarakshita's student. Like his master, Haribhadra is retrospectively considered by Tibetan doxographical tradition to represent the Yogācāra-Svatantrika-Mādhyamaka school.
Haribhadra's interpretation of the Abhisamayalankara, particularly his four-kaya model, was controversial and contradicted the earlier normative interpretation popularized by Vimuktasena. Haribhadra claims, that Abhisamayalamkara chapter 8 is describing Buddhahood through four kayas: svabhavikakaya, [jnana]dharmakaya, sambhogakaya and nirmanakaya.[5] Haribhadra's position was in turn challenged by Ratnākaraśānti and Abhayakaragupta. In Tibet the debate continued, with Je Tsongkhapa championing Haribhadra's position and Gorampa of the Sakya school promoting the other.[6]
Notes[edit]
- ^ Kinnard, Jacob (1996). "Reevaluating the Eighth-Ninth Century Pala Milieu: Icono-Conservatism and the Persistence of Sakyamuni". Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies. 19.
- ^ Damian, Keown (2003). Oxford Dictionary of Buddhism. Oxford University Press. p. 105.
- ^ Padmanabh, Jaini (1972). "The "Ālokā" of Haribhadra and the "Sāratamā" of Ratnākaraśānti: A Comparative Study of the Two Commentaries of the "Aṣṭasāhasrikā"". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 35 (2): 271–284. JSTOR 614403.
- ^ Chattopadhyaya, Alaka (1981). Atiśa and Tibet: Life and Works of Dipamkara Śrijñana in Relation to the History and Religion of Tibet, with Tibetan Sources Translated Under Lama Chimpa. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 108.
- ^ see Makransky link below, page 115
- ^ Buddhahood Embodied: Sources of Controversy in India and Tibet By John J. Makransky Published by SUNY Press, 1997. ISBN 978-0-7914-3431-4, 494 pages; [1]
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