July 1931

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July 26, 1931: International Bible Students Association changes name to Jehovah's Witnesses
July 1, 1931: Wiley Post and Harold Gatty complete flight around the world in record 8 days and 16 hours
July 26, 1931: Royal wedding in Romania joins Princess Ileana of Romania and Archduke Anton of Habsburg-Bourbon

The following events occurred in July 1931:

July 1, 1931 (Wednesday)[edit]

July 2, 1931 (Thursday)[edit]

July 3, 1931 (Friday)[edit]

Wood, champion by default

July 4, 1931 (Saturday)[edit]

July 5, 1931 (Sunday)[edit]

  • A marble memorial to Gustav Stresemann was unveiled in Mainz. Foreign Minister Julius Curtius spoke at the ceremony, which was briefly interrupted by a Nazi who jumped up to the microphone and shouted "Germany awake!" before being arrested.[14]
  • Anti-Chinese rioting occurred in Pyongyang. Approximately 127 Chinese people were killed, 393 wounded, and a considerable number of properties were destroyed by Korean residents.[15]
  • Born: Ismail Mahomed, Chief Justice of South Africa, in Pretoria (d. 2000)

July 6, 1931 (Monday)[edit]

July 7, 1931 (Tuesday)[edit]

July 8, 1931 (Wednesday)[edit]

July 9, 1931 (Thursday)[edit]

July 10, 1931 (Friday)[edit]

  • A Norwegian royal proclamation was issued claiming the uninhabited part of eastern Greenland as Erik the Red's Land.[23]
  • Outdoor political rallies were banned in Bavaria due to frequent violence.[24]
  • Born:
  • Died: F. W. Fitzpatrick, 68, Canadian-born American architect known for his advocacy of fireproofing buildings, died after being struck by a car

July 11, 1931 (Saturday)[edit]

July 12, 1931 (Sunday)[edit]

July 13, 1931 (Monday)[edit]

  • The Danatbank in Germany failed, causing a run on all other leading banks in the country.[31]
  • The German government issued an emergency decree through Article 48 ordering all banks in the country closed down for 48 hours.[32] The German stock market was also shut down and ended up not reopening until September.[33]

July 14, 1931 (Tuesday)[edit]

  • The Hungarian government ordered all banks closed until Friday to protect Hungary from the German financial crisis.[32]
  • The first Republican Cortes Generales opened in Spain.[34]

July 15, 1931 (Wednesday)[edit]

July 16, 1931 (Thursday)[edit]

  • Banks throughout Germany reopened. The only withdrawals that were allowed were for shopkeepers to meet payrolls, and foreign currency exchanges were prohibited.[36][37]
  • Haile Selassie introduced a constitution for Ethiopia.[23]
  • In Rome, a bomb was discovered at St. Peter's Basilica by a janitor. It was moved to a nearby meadow where it exploded at 2 o'clock Friday morning.[38]
  • Born: Mighty Igor (ring name for Richard Garza), American professional wrestler, in Dearborn, Michigan (d. 2002)
  • Died:

July 17, 1931 (Friday)[edit]

  • An accident occurred on the set of the film Scarface when some dynamite caps exploded prematurely, injuring four actors and bystander Gaylord Lloyd (Harold Lloyd's brother), who was struck in the right eye.[39]
  • Died: Dr. Nicolae Paulescu, 61, Romanian physiologist who patented the early diabetes treatment pancreine, an extract from the processing of insulin from cattle pancreas

July 18, 1931 (Saturday)[edit]

  • The German government issued several new decrees aimed at making foreign currency more difficult to acquire. A special visa was introduced that every German intending to cross the border was required to obtain for a fee of 100 Reichsmarks.[40][41]
  • Died: Hermann Hendrich, 76, German painter

July 19, 1931 (Sunday)[edit]

  • Eleven people were killed in Bangalore, and 200 wounded, when police in British India fired into a crowd of demonstrators at the Binny Mills.[42]

July 20, 1931 (Monday)[edit]

  • A conference of seven powers (Great Britain, the United States, France, Italy, Japan, Belgium and Germany) met in London to discuss the economic situation in Germany.[43]
  • The Royal Mail Case trial began at the Old Bailey. The director of the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company, Lord Kylsant, was accused of publishing a fraudulent balance sheet.[44]
  • Died: Herbert Baddeley, 59, British tennis player and four-time winner of the men's doubles at Wimbledon (in 1891, 1894, 1895 and 1896)

July 21, 1931 (Tuesday)[edit]

  • The Heywood Broun-produced musical Shoot the Works opened at George M. Cohan's Theatre on Broadway. Broun himself sang, danced and acted in the show.[45]
  • Born: Gene Fullmer, American professional boxer, world middleweight champion in 1957, 1959 to 1962; in West Jordan, Utah (d. 2015)

July 22, 1931 (Wednesday)[edit]

July 23, 1931 (Thursday)[edit]

July 24, 1931 (Friday)[edit]

Son of a King, father of a King, but never the King of Spain

July 25, 1931 (Saturday)[edit]

  • The German government announced the formation of a new bank, the "Acceptance and Guarantee Bank", which would make reserve cash available to all banks to assure them of money to meet possible bank runs.[51]

July 26, 1931 (Sunday)[edit]

July 27, 1931 (Monday)[edit]

  • Ramsay MacDonald became the first British Prime Minister to visit Berlin since the end of World War I. "We are filled with admiration for Germany and we are firmly convinced that if she continues her efforts, if she asserts all her intellectual, moral and economic powers to get on her feet again, without giving way to despair, other nations will help her and not suffer her to go under", MacDonald said.[56]
  • Juan Esteban Montero became President of Chile.
  • Born: Jerry Van Dyke, American comedian and TV actor; in Danville, Illinois (d. 2018)

July 28, 1931 (Tuesday)[edit]

July 29, 1931 (Wednesday)[edit]

July 30, 1931 (Thursday)[edit]

July 31, 1931 (Friday)[edit]

  • Arriving in Warsaw after his visit to the Soviet Union, George Bernard Shaw said that other countries must follow the USSR's "remarkable example", saying, "Unlike the western politicians, who are working for their own benefit, the Russian rulers are working for the people and for their country. I am a confirmed communist, as I was before Lenin, and even more so after seeing communist Russia. Talk of forced labour in Russia is rubbish. There is more slavery in other countries." Shaw also described Stalin as "a most honest and able man."[61]
  • The Peruvian football club Defensor Lima was founded.

References[edit]

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  2. ^ "Chronology 1931". indiana.edu. 2002. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  3. ^ Steele, John (July 3, 1931). "A Wild Scot's Battle Upsets the Commons". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  4. ^ "City Roars its Welcome to Fliers". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. July 2, 1931. p. 1.
  5. ^ "Patrolman Harry C. Beasley, Newark Police Department, Ohio". The Officer Down Memorial Page, Inc. Retrieved 8 October 2021.
  6. ^ Pegler, Westbrook (July 4, 1931). "A Knockout! By Schmeling". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  7. ^ Holdsen, Raymond (2005). The Virtuoso Conductors: The Central European Tradition from Wagner to Karajan. Yale University Press. p. 190. ISBN 978-0-300-09326-1.
  8. ^ Taylor, Ronald (1997). Berlin and Its Culture: A Historical Portrait. Yale University Press. p. 256. ISBN 978-0-300-07200-6.
  9. ^ "Withdraw From Wimbledon To Rest For Davis Cup?". World Tennis Magazine. June 30, 2011. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  10. ^ Nowinski, M. (July 5, 1931). "Poland Unveils Wilson Shaft; Widow Present". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 5.
  11. ^ "Nazis in Poland Destroy Borglum Statue in Poland". Milwaukee Journal. Milwaukee: 1. November 9, 1931.
  12. ^ "Woodrow Wilson [Pomnik Wilsona]". inyourpocket. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  13. ^ "Tageseinträge für 4. Juli 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  14. ^ "Germans Unveil Shaft for Man Who 'Freed Rhine'". Chicago Daily Tribune. July 6, 1931. p. 1.
  15. ^ Em, Henry (2013). The Great Enterprise: Sovereignty and Historiography in Modern Korea, Part 2. Durham: Duke University Press. p. 125. ISBN 978-0822353720. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  16. ^ "Crooning Rudy Vallée Weds; She's Actress". Chicago Daily Tribune. July 9, 1931. p. 1.
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  18. ^ "Tageseinträge für 8. Juli 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  19. ^ Darrah, David (July 10, 1931). "Mussolini and Stimson Agree on Arms Cut". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  20. ^ Darrah, David (July 10, 1931). "Mussolini Puts Vatican Row Up to the People". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 3.
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  28. ^ "Mel Ott Career Home Runs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  29. ^ "Home Run Records by Age". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  30. ^ "Germany Suspends Hitler's Paper in War on Fascisti". Chicago Daily Tribune. July 13, 1931. p. 1.
  31. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (July 13, 1931). "Shut German Stock Market". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  32. ^ a b Wales, Henry (July 14, 1931). "Every German Bank Closed". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  33. ^ Holtfrerich, Carl-Ludwig (1999). Frankfurt as a Financial Centre: From Medieval Trade Fair to European Banking Centre. Munich: C.H. Beck. p. 216. ISBN 978-3-406-45671-8.
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  35. ^ Wales, Henry (July 16, 1931). "German Banks to Open Today; Battle Rioters". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  36. ^ Wales, Henry (July 17, 1931). "Shoot Rioters as Banks Pay Wage Checks". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
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  38. ^ "Italian Police, Vatican Join in Probe of Blast". Chicago Daily Tribune. July 18, 1931. p. 3.
  39. ^ "Gang Film Actors Hurt by Explosion of Dynamite Caps". Chicago Daily Tribune. July 18, 1931. p. 3.
  40. ^ Wales, Henry (July 19, 1931). "Berlin Decreees New Measures to Retain Cash". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 2.
  41. ^ "Tageseinträge für 22. Juli 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  42. ^ "Riots in India Result in Eleven Deaths; 200 Hurt". Chicago Daily Tribune. July 20, 1931. p. 6.
  43. ^ "L'Allemagne en 1931". Krononations. Archived from the original on May 22, 2015. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
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  46. ^ "Narrow Escape". The Brisbane Courier. Brisbane: 11. July 23, 1931.
  47. ^ "Walker Fights 15 Round Draw with Sharkey". Chicago Daily Tribune. July 23, 1931. p. 1.
  48. ^ Steele, John (July 24, 1931). "London Parley Votes "Relief" for Germany". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  49. ^ Allen, Jay (July 25, 1931). "Alfonso Gives Spain's Crown to Third Son". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
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  51. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (July 26, 1931). "Form Big German Bank". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 2.
  52. ^ Alan Rogerson, Millions Now Living Will Never Die (Constable & Co., 1969) p. 55
  53. ^ "A New Name", The Watch Tower, October 1, 1931. p. 291
  54. ^ "Chile's Dictator Forced Out". Chicago Daily Tribune. July 27, 1931. p. 1.
  55. ^ "Ilena Weds Archduke in 'Fairy' Castle". Chicago Daily Tribune. July 27, 1931. p. 1.
  56. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (July 28, 1931). "British Pledge Not to Permit Germany to Die". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  57. ^ "Tageseinträge für 28. Juli 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  58. ^ Minetor, Randi (2017). Death in Zion National Park: Stories of Accidents and Foolhardiness in Utah's Grand Circle. Guilford, Connecticut: Globe Pequot. p. 175. ISBN 978-1-4930-2894-8.
  59. ^ Steele, John (July 30, 1931). "Illness Makes Lloyd George a Hero Again". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  60. ^ "Lord Kylsant". The Mercury. Hobart: 7. August 1, 1931.
  61. ^ "'Comrade' Shaw and Lady Astor to Laud the Russian Soviets". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 1, 1931. p. 5.