From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of interurban railways in North America . Elsewhere, the term was not used or did not have the same meaning. The vast majority of these systems are defunct. All were opened primarily as passenger carriers, although many survived as freight railways after passenger service ceased.
Provinces not listed did not have interurban systems, which were commonly called radial railways in Canada.
District of Columbia [ edit ]
Name
Date (From)
Date (To)
Notes
Alton, Granite and St. Louis Traction Company [ 1]
Alton, Jacksonville and Peoria Railway [ 2]
Amboy Electric Interurban Railroad [citation needed
Aurora, Elgin and Fox River Electric Company [ 2]
1972
Earlier Elgin, Aurora and Southern Traction Company ; passenger service ended March 31, 1935, converted to diesel in 1947
Aurora, Plainfield and Joliet Railroad [ 1] October 21, 1904 [ 5]
Bloomington, Pontiac and Joliet Electric Railway [ 2]
Cairo and St. Louis Railway [ 1]
Central Illinois Traction Company [ 2]
Chicago, Aurora and DeKalb Railroad [ 2] 1906
1923
Earlier Aurora, DeKalb and Rockford Electric Traction Company
Chicago Aurora and Elgin Railroad [ 2] August 25, 1902
June 10, 1959
Earlier Aurora Elgin and Chicago Railway ; passenger service ended July 3, 1957
Chicago, Harvard and Geneva Lake Railway [ 2] 1899
1930
Chicago and Interurban Traction Company [ 1] c. 1910
April 23, 1927
Earlier Chicago and Southern Traction Company
Chicago and Joliet Electric Railway [ 2]
Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad [ 2] c. May 1895
January 21, 1963
Earlier Chicago and Milwaukee Electric Railroad
Chicago, Ottawa and Peoria Railway [ 2] 1904
1934
Later Chicago and Illinois Valley Railroad
Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad [ 1] [ 2] July 1, 1908
Present
Earlier Chicago, Lake Shore and South Bend Railway ; later South Shore Line
Chicago and Southern Traction Company [ 2] 1907
c. 1911
Later Chicago and Interurban Traction Company
Coal Belt Electric Railway [ 2]
DeKalb – Sycamore and Interurban Traction Company [ 2] 1902
August 1924
East St. Louis, Columbia and Waterloo Railway [ 2]
East St. Louis and Suburban Railway [ 2]
Elgin and Belvidere Electric Company [ 2] February 2, 1907 [ 6] March 10, 1930 [ 7] Later Elgin, Belvidere and Rockford Railway
Fox and Illinois Union Railway [ 2]
Galesburg Railway, Lighting and Power Company [ 1]
Galesburg and Kewanee Electric Railway [ 1]
Illinois Central Electric Railway [ 2]
July 25, 1925
Illinois Traction System [ 2]
March 3, 1956
Later Illinois Terminal Railroad
Joliet and Eastern Traction Company [ 2]
Joliet, Plainfield and Aurora Railroad [ 2]
Later Joliet and Southern Traction Company and Aurora, Plainfield and Joliet Railway
Kanakee and Urbana Traction Company [ 2] December 20, 1912
March 26, 1926
Keokuk Electric Company [ 2]
Lee County Central Electric Railway [ 2] December 10, 1910
Earlier Northern Illinois Electric Railway ; passenger service abandoned 1915
Murphysboro and Southern Illinois Railway [ 2]
Peoples' Traction Company [ 1]
Peoria and Pekin Terminal Railway [ 1] [ 2]
Later Peoria Railway Terminal Company
Rock Island Southern Railroad [ 1]
Rock Island Southern Railway [ 2] 1906
1926
Rockford and Interurban Railway [ 2]
St. Louis and Belleville Electric Railway [ 1]
Southern Illinois Railway and Power Company [ 2]
Springfield, Clear Lake and Rochester Railway [ 2] 1909
1902
Later Mississippi Valley Interurban Railway
Sterling, Dixon and Eastern Traction Company [ 2]
Woodstock and Sycamore Traction Company [ 2] 1911
1918 [ 8]
Name
Date (From)
Date (To)
Notes
Angola Railway and Power Company [ 2]
Beech Grove Traction Company [ 2]
Bluffton, Geneva and Celina Traction Company [ 2]
Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad [ 1] [ 2] July 1, 1908
Present
Earlier Chicago, Lake Shore and South Bend Railway ; later South Shore Line
Evansville and Ohio Valley Railway [ 2]
Evansville Suburban and Newburgh Railway [ 2]
Fort Wayne and Decatur Traction Company [ 2]
Fort Wayne and Northwestern Railway [ 2]
Earlier Toledo and Chicago Interurban Railway
Fort Wayne and Wabash Valley Traction Company [ 2]
Garrett, Auburn and Northern Electric Railroad [citation needed
Gary Railways [ 1] [ 2]
Earlier Gary Street Railway , Gary and Valparaiso Railway , and Chicago – New York Electric Air Line Railroad
Gary and Hobart Traction Company [ 9]
Gary and Southern Traction Company [ 1]
Goshen, South Bend and Chicago Railroad [ 1]
Indiana Railroad [ 1] [ 2]
Earlier Interstate Public Service Company , Indiana Service Corporation , Northern Indiana Power Company , Terre Haute, Indianapolis and Eastern Traction Company
Indianapolis and Cincinnati Traction Company [ 1] [ 2]
Later Indianapolis and Southeastern Railroad
Lafayette Street Railway [ 1]
Lebanon–Thorntown Traction Company [ 1]
Marion and Bluffton Traction Company [ 2] 1907 [ 10]
Also Marion Bluffton and Eastern Traction Company
Northern Indiana Railway [ 1] [ 2]
Later Chicago, South Bend and Northern Indiana Railway
St. Joseph Valley Traction Company [ 2] 1910
April 17, 1918
Southern Indiana Gas and Electric Company [ 2]
Union Traction Company of Indiana [ 2]
Winona Interurban Railway [ 2] 1902
September 1, 1934
Freight services continued until May 31, 1952
Name
Date (From)
Date (To)
Notes
Attleboro Branch Railroad [ 1]
Berkshire Street Railway [ 2]
Blue Hill Street Railway [ 1]
Boston and Worcester Street Railway [ 2]
Bristol County Street Railway [ 1]
Concord, Maynard and Hudson Street Railway [ 1]
Connecticut Valley Street Railway [ 1] 1895
1934
Merged from of Montague, Greenfield & Turners Falls, Amherst & Northampton, Greenfield & Northampton Street Railways in 1905, dissolved 1924. Greenfield-Montague Transportation Area (GMTA) operated streetcars until 1934. Bus service merged with Franklin Regional Transit Authority .[ 11] [ 12]
Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway [ 1]
Earlier Bay State Street Railway
Fitchburg and Leominster Street Railway [ 1]
Grafton and Upton Railroad [ 2]
Holyoke Street Railway [ 1] 1884
1937
Purchased and operated lines of Amherst-Sunderland Street Railway, Hampshire Street Railway; operated Mount Tom Railroad as subsidiary. Established and operated Mountain Park . Continued operations as bus line until 1987; assets liquidated in 1991.[ 13]
Interstate Consolidated Street Railway [ 1]
Lowell and Fitchburg Street Railway [ 1]
Massachusetts Northeastern Street Railway [ 1]
Medway and Dedham Street Railway [ 1]
Middlesex and Boston Street Railway [ 1]
Milford, Attleboro and Woonsocket Street Railway [ 1]
Milford and Uxbridge Street Railway [ 1]
Nahant and Lynn Street Railway [ 1]
New Bedford and Onset Street Railway [ 1]
Northampton Street Railway [ 1] 1866
1933
Continued operations as bus line until 1951.[ 14]
Northern Massachusetts Street Railway [ 1]
Norton, Taunton and Attleboro Street Railway [ 1]
Plymouth and Brockton Street Railway [ 1] 1888
1928
Last remaining street railway company in the Commonwealth, continues operations as private regional bus transportation provider.
Plymouth and Sandwich Street Railway [ 1]
Shelburne Falls and Colrain Street Railway [ 1] 1896
1927
SF&C car #10 continues to operate at Shelburne Falls Trolley Museum .
Springfield Street Railway [ 1] 1870
1940
Continued operations as bus line, merged into Springfield Area Transit Company of the Pioneer Valley Transit Authority in 1981.[ 15]
Union Street Railway [ 1]
Ware and Brookfield Street Railway [ 1]
Worcester Consolidated Street Railway [ 1]
Michigan had 981 miles (1,579 km) of interurban.[ 2]
Name
Date (From)
Date (To)
Notes
Electric Short Line Railway [ 2] 1913
1947
Not electrified
Mesaba Railway [ 2] December 24, 1912
April 16, 1927
Minneapolis, Anoka and Cuyuna Range Railroad [ 2]
Minneapolis Municipal Waterworks Railway
While not technically an interurban railway, since it did not connect two cities, it was a freight and passenger hauling electric railway[page needed
Minneapolis, St. Paul, Rochester and Dubuque Electric Traction Company [ 2]
Not electrified; later Minneapolis, Northfield and Southern Railway
Minnesota Northwestern Electric Railway [ 2] 1914
1940
Not electrified
St. Paul Southern Electric Railway [ 2] November 17, 1914
July 31, 1928
Twin City Rapid Transit Company [ 2]
Name
Date (From)
Date (To)
Notes
Albany and Hudson Railroad (later Albany Southern Railroad )[ 1] [ 2]
Buffalo and Lake Erie Traction Company (later Buffalo and Erie Railway )[ 1] [ 2]
Buffalo, Lockport and Rochester Railway (later Rochester, Lockport and Buffalo Railroad )[ 1] [ 2]
Chautauqua Traction Company [ 2]
Cortland County Traction Company [ 2]
Elmira, Corning and Waverly Railway [ 2]
Elmira and Seneca Lake Traction Company [ 2]
Elmira Water, Light and Railroad Company [ 1]
Empire United Railways
composed of Auburn and Syracuse Electric Railroad ,[ 2] Empire State Railroad ,[ 2] Rochester and Syracuse Railroad (earlier Rochester, Syracuse and Eastern Railroad ),[ 1] [ 2] Syracuse Northern Electric Railway [ 2]
Erie Railroad (Rochester Division )[ 2] May 1907
Fonda, Johnstown and Gloversville Railroad [ 2]
Geneva, Seneca Falls and Auburn Railroad [ 2]
Hudson Valley Railway [ 2]
International Railway [ 2]
Jamestown, Westfield and Northwestern Railroad [ 2]
Kaydeross Railroad [ 2]
Keesevile, Ausable Chasm and Lake Champlain Railroad [ 2]
Lewiston and Youngstown Frontier Railway [ 2]
Lima–Honeoye Electric Light and Railroad Company [ 2]
New Paltz, Highland and Poughkeepsie Traction Company [ 2]
New York, Auburn and Lansing Railroad (later Central New York Southern Railroad )[ 2]
New York and Stamford Railway [ 1]
New York State Railways
Composed of Oneida Railway ,[ 2] Rochester and Eastern Rapid Railway ,[ 2] Rochester and Sodus Bay Railway ,[ 2] Utica and Mohawk Valley Railway [ 2]
New York, Westchester and Boston Railway [ 1]
Niagara Gorge Railroad [ 2]
Olean, Bradford and Salamanca Railway [ 1]
Orange County Traction Company [ 2]
Paul Smith's Electric Light, Power and Railroad Company [ 2]
Penn Yan, Keuka Park and Branchport Railway [ 2]
Penn Yan and Lake Shore Railway [ 1]
Putnam and Westchester Traction Company [ 1]
Schenectady Railway [ 2]
Southern New York Railway (earlier Southern New York Power and Railway Company )[ 1] [ 2]
Syracuse and Suburban Railroad [ 1]
Wallkill Transit Company [ 2]
Warren and Jamestown Street Railway [ 2]
Western New York and Pennsylvania Traction Company [ 2]
Name
Date (From)
Date (To)
Notes
Cambridge Power, Light and Traction Company [ 2]
Cincinnati and Columbus Traction Company [ 2]
Cincinnati, Georgetown and Portsmouth Railroad [ 2]
Cincinnati and Lake Erie Railroad [ 1] [ 2]
Earlier Cincinnati and Dayton Traction Company , Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railway , Indiana, Columbus and Eastern Traction Company , and Lima–Toledo Railroad
Cincinnati, Lawrenceburg and Aurora Electric Street Railroad [ 2]
Cincinnati, Milford and Blanchester Traction Company [ 1] [ 2]
Later Cincinnati Street Railway
Cleveland, Alliance and Mahoning Valley Railway [ 2]
Cleveland and Chagrin Falls Railway [ 1]
Cleveland and Eastern Traction Company [ 1]
Cleveland, Painesville and Ashtabula Railroad [ 1]
Cleveland, Painesville and Eastern Railroad [ 2]
Cleveland, Southwestern and Columbus Railway [ 2]
Columbus Railway, Light and Power Company [ 1]
Columbus, Delaware and Marion Railway [ 2]
Columbus, Magnetic Springs and Northern Railway [ 2]
Columbus, Marion and Bucyrus Railway [ 2]
Columbus, New Albany and Johnstown Traction Company [ 2]
Columbus, Newark and Zanesville Electric Railway [ 1]
Columbus, Urbana and Western Railway [ 2]
Dayton, Covington and Piqua Traction Company [ 2]
Dayton and Troy Electric Railway [ 2]
Dayton and Western Traction Company [ 2]
Dayton and Xenia Transit Company [ 1] [ 2]
Later Dayton, Springfield and Xenia Southern Railway
Eastern Ohio Traction Company [ 2]
Felicity and Bethel Railroad [ 1]
Fort Wayne, Van Wert and Lima Traction Company [ 1] [ 2]
Later Fort Wayne – Lima Railroad
Fostoria and Fremont Railway [ 2]
Gallipolis and Northern Traction Company [ 2]
Hocking – Sunday Creek Traction Company [ 2]
Interurban Railway and Terminal Company [ 2]
Lake Erie, Bowling Green and Napoleon Railway [ 2]
Lake Shore Electric Railway [ 2]
Lebanon and Franklin Traction Company [ 2]
Lorain Street Railroad [ 1]
Mahoning and Shenango Railway and Light Company [ 1] [ 2]
Later Pennsylvania–Ohio Electric Company
Mansfield Railway, Light and Power Company [ 2]
Maumee Valley Railways and Light Company [ 1] [ 2]
Later Maumee Valley Railway
Northern Ohio Traction and Light Company [ 2]
Northwestern Ohio Railway and Power Company [ 1]
Norwalk and Shelby Railroad [ 1]
Ohio Electric Railway [ 2]
Ohio Public Service Company [ 1]
Ohio River and Columbus Railway [ 1]
Ohio River Electric Railway and Power Company [ 2]
Ohio Service Company [ 1]
Ohio and Southern Traction Company [ 2]
Ohio Traction Company [ 2]
Ohio Valley Electric Railway [ 1]
Pennsylvania and Ohio Electric Railway [ 2]
Portsmouth Public Service Company [ 1]
Portsmouth Street Railroad and Light Company [ 2]
Sandusky, Norwalk and Mansfield Electric Railway [ 2]
Scioto Valley Traction Company [ 2]
Southeastern Ohio Railway [ 1]
Springfield Terminal Railway and Power Company [ 1]
Springfield, Troy and Piqua Railway [ 2]
Springfield and Washington Railway [ 2]
Springfield and Xenia Railway [ 2]
Stark Electric Railroad [ 2]
Steubenville, East Liverpool and Beaver Valley Traction Company [ 2]
Tiffin, Fostoria and Eastern Electric Railway [ 2]
Toledo, Bowling Green and Southern Traction Company [ 2]
Toledo, Fostoria and Findlay Railway [ 2]
Toledo and Indiana Railway [ 2] 1901
October 15, 1939
Toledo, Ottawa Beach and Northern Railway [ 1]
Toledo, Port Clinton and Lakeside Railway [ 2]
Toledo and Western Railway [ 2]
Wellston and Jackson Belt Railway [ 2]
Western Ohio Railway [ 2]
Youngstown and Ohio River Railroad [ 2]
Youngstown and Southern Railway [ 2]
Later Youngstown and Suburban Railway
Name
Date (From)
Date (To)
Notes
Allegheny Valley Street Railway [ 1]
Allen Street Railway [ 1]
Allentown and Reading Traction Company [ 2]
Altoona and Logan Valley Electric Railway [ 2]
Bangor and Portland Traction Company [ 2]
Beaver Valley Traction Company [ 1]
Bethlehem Transit Company [ 1]
Blue Ridge Traction Company [ 1]
Carlisle and Mount Holly Railway [ 1]
Centre and Clearfield Railway [ 1]
Chambersburg and Gettysburg Electric Railway [ 2]
Chambersburg, Greencastle and Waynesboro Street Railway [ 2]
Chambersburg and Shippensburg Railway [ 2]
Citizens Traction Company [ 1]
Cleveland and Erie Railway [ 2]
Conestoga Traction Company [ 2]
Corry and Columbus Traction Company [ 1]
Cumberland Railway (Pennsylvania)Cumberland Railway [ 1]
Eastern Pennsylvania Railways [ 1]
Ephrata and Lebanon Traction Company [ 1]
Fairchance and Smithfield Traction Company [ 1]
Hanover and McSherrystown Street Railway [ 1]
Harrisburg Railways [ 1]
Hershey Transit Company [ 2]
Indiana County Street Railway [ 1]
Jefferson County Traction Company [ 2]
Jersey Shore and Antes Fort Railroad [ 1]
Johnstown and Somerset Railway [ 2]
Johnstown Traction Company [ 1]
Lackawanna and Wyoming Valley Railroad [ 2]
Lancaster and Southern Street Railway [ 1]
Lancaster and York Furnace Street Railway [ 1]
Lehigh Traction Company [ 1]
Lehigh Valley Transit Company [ 2]
Lewisburg, Milton and Watsontown Passenger Railway [ 1]
Lewistown and Reedsville Electric Railway [ 1]
Lykens Valley Railway [ 1]
Mauch Chunk and Lehighton Transit Company [ 1]
Montgomery Transit Company [ 1]
New Jersey and Pennsylvania Traction Company [ 2]
North Branch Transit Company [ 1]
Northampton Traction Company [ 1] [ 2]
Later Northampton Transit Company
Northern Cambria Railway [ 1]
Northwestern Pennsylvania Railway [ 1] [ 2]
Later Northwestern Electric Service Company of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania Railroad [ 2]
Dillsburg Branch of the Cumberland Valley Railroad
Pennsylvania and Maryland Street Railway [ 2]
Pennsylvania – New Jersey Railway [ 1]
Philadelphia and Easton Electric Railway [ 1] [ 2]
Later Philadelphia and Easton Transit Company
Philadelphia Suburban Transportation Company[ 1]
Earlier Philadelphia and West Chester Traction Company Philadelphia and Western Railroad , and Philadelphia and Western Railway ; remaining portions operated by SEPTA as Routes 100 , 101, and 102
Phoenixville, Valley Forge and Strafford Electric Railway [ 1]
Pittsburgh and Butler Street Railway [ 2]
Pittsburgh Railways [ 1]
Pittsburgh, Harmony, Butler and New Castle Railway [ 2]
Pittsburgh, Mars and Butler Railway [ 1]
Pottstown and Reading Street Railway [ 1]
Reading Transit Company [ 1] [ 2]
Later Reading Transit and Light Company
Schuylkill Railway [ 1]
Scranton Railway [ 1]
Scranton and Binghamton Traction Company [ 2]
Scranton, Montrose and Binghamton Railroad [ 1]
Shamokin and Edgewood Electric Railway [ 1]
Shamokin and Mount Carmel Transit Company [ 1]
Sharon and New Castle Street Railway [ 1]
Slate Belt Electric Street Railway [ 1] [ 2]
Later Slate Belt Transit Company
Southern Cambria Railway [ 2]
Southern Pennsylvania Traction Company [ 1]
Stroudsburg, Water Gap and Portland Railway [ 1] [ 2]
Later Stroudsburg Traction Company
Sunbury and Selinsgrove Railway [ 1]
Titusville Traction Company [ 1]
Trenton, Bristol and Philadelphia Street Railway [ 1]
United Traction Street Railway [ 2]
Valley Railways [ 1]
Warren and Jamestown Street Railway [ 2]
Warren Street Railway [ 1]
Waverly, Sayre and Athens Traction Company [ 1]
West Chester, Kennett and Wilmington Electric Railway [ 1]
West Chester Street Railway [ 1]
West Penn Railways [ 2]
Wilkes-Barre Railway [ 1]
Wilkes-Barre and Hazleton Railway [ 2]
York Railways [ 2]
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju Middleton 1961 , pp. 414–418^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md me mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz Hilton & Due 1960 [page needed ^ Rice, Walter E.; Echeverria, Emiliano J. "San Francisco's 40-line" . The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco . The Museum of the City of San Francisco. Archived from the original on October 19, 2007. Retrieved June 12, 2016 . ^ "Streetcars in Altlanta" . RailGa.com . Retrieved July 21, 2014 .^ "Joliet-Aurora Line is Opened" . Rock Island Argus . Rock Island, Illinois . October 22, 1904. p. 1. Retrieved December 14, 2016 .^ Rice, R. H. (March 9, 1907). "Operation and Construction of the Elgin & Belvidere Railway". Electric Railway Review . XVII (10): 322. ^ "Elgin" . Sterling Daily Gazette . Sterling, Illinois. March 10, 1930. p. 2. Retrieved April 13, 2016 – via Newspapers.com .^ "Woodstock-Sycamore Line Quits". Electric Railway Journal 51 (17): 827. April 27, 1918. ^ Indiana Public Service Commission , Re Gary & Hobart Traction Company (No. 4802) , October 25, 1919^ a b c "New Track Construction in 1907". Electric Railway Review . XIX (1): 4. January 4, 1908. ^ Wright, Henry Andrew (1949). The Story of Western Massachusetts ^ Environmental Impact Station and Section 4(f) Evaluation; Route 2- Greenfield, Gill, Erving, Wendell, Orange, Massachusetts ^ "Chariots of Change - The Holyoke Street Railway" . Holyoke, Mass.: Wistariahurst . Archived from the original on April 18, 2016.^ "Surrender of Franchise Stuns 'Hamp; But Officials Hope Bus Service May Be Restored Soon". Springfield Union . Springfield, Mass. October 31, 1951. p. 7. ^ Appleton, John (November 3, 1981). "Springfield Street Railway Co. garage turned over to PVTA". Springfield Union . Springfield, Mass. p. 4. Appleton, John (November 3, 1981). "The Springfield Street Railway Co. — now it's another part of PVTA". Springfield Union . Springfield, Mass. p. 13. ^ a b Thompson 2008 , p. 59 ^ a b c d e f Robert A. Rieder: Electric Interurban Railways from the Handbook of Texas Online
^ Crowley, Walt (September 19, 2000). "Interurban rail service between Everett and Seattle ends February 20, 1939" . HistoryLink.org . Archived from the original on January 8, 2015. Retrieved 2013-04-17 .
Hilton, George W. ; Due, John Fitzgerald (1960). The Electric Interurban Railways in America Stanford University Press . ISBN 978-0-8047-4014-2 OCLC 237973 .Middleton, William D. (1961). The Interurban Era Kalmbach Publishing . ISBN 978-0-89024-003-8 OCLC 4357897 – via Archive.org.Middleton, William D. (2001) [1974]. When the Steam Railroads Electrified (2nd ed.). Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press . ISBN 978-0-253-33979-9 OL 2510988W .Olson, R. L. (1976). The electric railways of Minnesota . Hopkins, MN: Minnesota Transportation Museum Inc. ASIN B0006WFVE2 . Thompson, Richard (2008). Willamette Valley Railways . Mount Pleasant, SC (US): Arcadia Publishing . ISBN 978-0-7385-5601-7 
