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Paramount Media Networks

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Paramount Media Networks
Formerly
  • MTV Networks (1984–2011)
  • Viacom Media Networks (2011–2019)
  • ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks (2019–2022)
Company typeDivision
Industry
FoundedDecember 1, 1977; 47 years ago (1977-12-01) (as Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment)
June 25, 1984; 40 years ago (1984-06-25) (as public company)
FounderRobert Pittman
Headquarters1515 Broadway,
New York City, New York
,
U.S.
Key people
Brands
Parent
Subsidiaries
The original prototype logo for MTV Networks.
The logo for MTV Networks.
The logo for Viacom Media Networks.
The first logo for ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks.
The second logo for ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks.

Paramount Media Networks is an American mass media division of Paramount Global that oversees the operations of its television channels and online brands. The division was originally founded as MTV Networks in 1984, named after the MTV cable network.[1] It would be known under this name until 2011; when it would be thereafter known as Viacom Media Networks until 2019; and ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks until 2022.

The division's television assets are managed through three units: the MTV Entertainment Group, Showtime Networks, and the Nickelodeon Group. Paramount's international assets are overseen by Paramount International Networks.

History

[edit]

Pre-launch: Warner Communications joint venture (1977–1984)

[edit]

Warner Cable Communications was founded on December 1, 1977, by Warner Cable, itself a division of Warner Communications, to launch QUBE, an interactive cable television network. Seeing the potential in the creation of new cable networks, Warner Cable divested QUBE's biggest brands, Star Channel, Pinwheel and Sight on Sound, into nationwide outlets. Star Channel began by satellite in January 1979 and was renamed The Movie Channel by the end of the year. The original Channel C-3, by then known as Pinwheel, became Nickelodeon in April 1979. As a result of these actions, Warner Cable Communications would then be rebranded as Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, becoming a joint venture between Warner Cable and American Express.

In 1980, Warner-Amex formed a joint venture with Cablevision's Rainbow Media division to launch Bravo, a cable network dedicated to arts and films, on December 1, 1980. Full control of the channel, however, was sold to Rainbow Media in 1984; NBC would acquire Bravo in 2003, and the channel is now currently owned by Comcast's NBCUniversal.[2]

On August 1, 1981, MTV debuted.

In 1983, concerned by the strategic and financial failure of its pay-TV venture The Movie Channel (started to reap the benefits Time Inc. was having with HBO and Cinemax), WASEC established a joint venture with Viacom, merging TMC with their premium movie network Showtime to form Showtime/The Movie Channel, Inc.; WASEC, however, had no operational involvement in the joint venture.

Launch as MTV Networks, Viacom gets full ownership (1984–2011)

[edit]

On June 25, 1984, Warner Communications made the decision to divest Nickelodeon, MTV, and VH-1 (launched in 1985 over the channel space of Turner's Cable Music Channel) into a new public corporation called MTV Networks.[1][3] A year later, Warner would acquire the 50% stake from American Express.[4]

On August 27, 1985, Warner sold 31% of MTV Networks to Viacom, with Warner also selling 19% of its Showtime/The Movie Channel, Inc. joint to Viacom as well.[5][6]

In November 1985, Viacom announced that it had plans to buy the remaining 69% of MTV Networks from Warner for $326 million,[7] and the acquisition was completed on May 20, 1986.[8]

In 1988, the company partnered with fellow Viacom subsidiary Viacom Enterprises to handle advertising sales of Superboy, a syndicated television series.[9] The division was later evolved into One World Entertainment in the early 1990s, who partnered to launch a VH1 syndicated series.[10]

In 2003, MTV Networks assumed full ownership of Comedy Central from AOL Time Warner.

On December 31, 2005, the remnants of MTV Networks and Showtime Networks were separated following Viacom's split into two entities: CBS Corporation, which retained CBS, UPN, Simon & Schuster and Showtime Networks (Showtime, The Movie Channel, and Flix), and a spun-off company under the Viacom name, which took ownership of Paramount Pictures, BET Networks and MTV Networks (Comedy Central, MTV, Nickelodeon, and VH1). MTV Networks was renamed Viacom Media Networks in 2011.

Expansion (2011–2019)

[edit]

In the fall of 2012, media analysts began to report that ratings among some of Viacom's leading brands in the U.S. were experiencing declines in viewership.[11][12] MTV, Comedy Central and Nickelodeon were of most concern to investors as the three account for roughly 50% of Viacom's operating profit, estimated David Bank of RBC Capital Markets.

In 2017, Viacom announced a five-point restructuring plan, in which the company would pour most of its resources behind six "flagship brands". These were MTV, Comedy Central, Nickelodeon, Nick Jr. Channel, BET, and Paramount Pictures.[13][14][15][16] In February 2017, cable channels CMT and TV Land were moved from the Kids and Family Group to the Global Entertainment Group under Kevin Kay, joining up with Spike TV.[17] During the same month, it was announced that Spike would be relaunched as Paramount Network in 2018, aligning with the namesake film studio and being positioned as Viacom's main general entertainment outlet.[18][19]

In October 2018, Kevin Kay was announced to be leaving his position as head of the Entertainment Group. CMT was transferred from the Entertainment Group to the Music Group under president Chris McCarthy, with his exit. Executive Kent Alterman would take charge of Paramount Network and TV Land to go with his current leadership of Comedy Central and Bellator MMA.[20]

In 2019, after acquiring the free streaming service Pluto TV, Viacom would launch several channels on the service branded after its Media Networks and company–owned IP.[21][22][23][24]

Reintroduction and re-merger with CBS (2019–present)

[edit]

In August 2019, Viacom announced that it would merge with CBS Corporation, reuniting the two entities under the ViacomCBS name.[25][26] The merger closed on December 4, 2019.[27][28] Announced on November 11, 2019, as part of the re–merger, the Media Networks division was renamed ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks, and reorganized.

MTV, VH1, CMT and Logo were reorganized into the "Entertainment & Youth Group",[29] with the addition of Comedy Central, Paramount Network, Smithsonian Channel, and TV Land. BET Networks was merged with Showtime Networks under CEO David Nevins, who also temporarily gained oversight of Pop TV (formerly co-owned with Lionsgate);[30] Pop TV was transferred to the Entertainment & Youth Group on January 15, 2020.[31]

On February 16, 2022, ViacomCBS was renamed as Paramount Global, and ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks was renamed Paramount Media Networks.[32] On May 9, 2023, Paramount announced that it would restructure its U.S. domestic network business.[33]

In 2022, MTV Entertainment Group partnered with Second Chance Studios to help formerly incarcerated individuals launch media careers.[34]

Channels list

[edit]

Current channels

[edit]
Category Name Notes Launch
MTV Entertainment Group
MTV Branded Networks MTV 1 August 1, 1981
MTV2 August 1, 1996
MTV Classic 19 August 1, 1998
MTV Live 20 January 16, 2006
MTV Tres August 1, 1998
MTVU 22 January 20, 2004
Entertainment & Youth Group CMT 5 March 5, 1983
Comedy Central 2 June 1, 1991
Logo TV 4 June 30, 2005
Paramount Network 3, 5 March 7, 1983
Pop 15 1981
Smithsonian Channel 13 September 26, 2007
TV Land 14 April 29, 1996
Premium Networks Group (Showtime Networks)
Showtime Networks Paramount+ with Showtime
  • Showtime 2
  • Showcase
  • SHO×BET
  • Showtime Extreme
  • Showtime Family Zone
  • Showtime Next
  • Showtime Women
 12 May 9, 1976 (Showtime)
October 1, 1991 (Showtime 2)
September 1999 (SHO×BET)
1996 (Showcase)
March 10, 1998 (Showtime Extreme)
March 2001 (Showtime Family Zone, Next and Women)
The Movie Channel
  • The Movie Channel Xtra
 December 1, 1979
October 1, 1997
Flix 16 August 1, 1992
Kids & Family Entertainment (Nickelodeon Group)
Nickelodeon Networks Nickelodeon 7 April 1, 1979
Nick Jr. 8 September 28, 2009
Nick at Nite July 1, 1985
NickMusic 9 May 1, 2002
Nicktoons 10
TeenNick 11 September 28, 2009

Former channels and blocks

[edit]

Notes

[edit]

1Channel was originally launched under Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment and tested as Sight on Sound until 1981, when it officially launched as MTV.

2Channel started as Ha!, merged with HBO's The Comedy Channel the following year, became entirely owned by Viacom in 2003.

3Originally TNN from 1983 to 2003 (as The Nashville Network until 1997; as The National Network until 2003) and as Spike until January 2018.

4Channel was originally known as VH1 MegaHits before being discontinued in July 2005 to facilitate Logo launch.

5Channel was previously owned by Gaylord Entertainment Company, acquired in 1997 by the CBS Cable division of CBS Corporation, and became part of MTV Networks when CBS merged with Viacom.

6Channel created as VH1 Country before Viacom/CBS merger.

7Channel was originally launched under Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment and tested as Pinwheel until 1979, then was officially launched as Nickelodeon.

8Channel space was previously held by Noggin (a joint venture with Sesame Workshop) before being replaced with the Nick Jr. Channel in 2009.

9Channel was originally known as MTV Hits before being rebranded as NickMusic on September 9, 2016.

10Channel was originally known as Nicktoons TV until 2003 when it was rebranded as Nicktoons which was rebranded again as Nicktoons Network in 2005 and finally rebranded yet again as Nicktoons (styled as "nicktoons") once more in 2009.

11Channel space was previously held by Nickelodeon Games and Sports for Kids from 1999 to 2007, and a 24-hour version of Noggin's The N brand from 2007 to 2009.

12Channel originally owned by the first incarnation of Viacom, and earlier with former partner Warner-Amex, and later became part of CBS Corporation following Viacom's split in 2006. Showtime was established in 1976, and The Movie Channel was established in 1973 as Star Channel and relaunched under its current name in 1979.

13Channel was originally co-owned by CBS Corporation through Showtime Networks and the Smithsonian Institution until November 7, 2019, when the Institution sold its equity interest to Showtime.[35]

14Channel was originally a block on Nick at Nite.

15Previously owned by CBS Corporation, and before 2019, half of the share was owned by Lionsgate. Formerly known as TVGN, TV Guide Network, and TV Guide Channel.

16Established by Viacom's Showtime Networks in 1992 and later became part of CBS Corporation following Viacom's split in 2006.

17Channel was formerly Showtime Beyond from 1999 and was discontinued on July 15, 2020.

19Channel was originally known as VH1 Smooth before being relaunched as VH1 Classic Rock on August 1, 1999. The channel was renamed VH1 Classic in 2000 and was later rebranded as MTV Classic on August 1, 2016.

20Channel was originally known as Music: High Definition (MHD) before being rebranded as Palladia on September 1, 2008. On February 1, 2016, the channel was rebranded as MTV Live.

21Channel was originally a division of Warner Communications and the original owner of MTV, and launched on January 1, 1985, in the former space of Turner's short-lived Cable Music Channel.

22Channel slot was originally VH1 Uno, until MTV Networks on Campus replaced VH1 Uno with a televised simulcast of MTVU. The college campus feed of MTVU no longer exists but the public feed is still on a limited amount of MSOs.

Units

[edit]

MTV Entertainment Group

[edit]
MTV Entertainment Group
Company typeDivision
Headquarters
Los Angeles, California
,
U.S.
Key people
Chris McCarthy (president and CEO)
Brands
ParentParamount Media Networks
Subsidiaries
Websitemtv.com

MTV Entertainment Group serves as the holdings company for Paramount's mature-oriented, general entertainment brands; such as its namesake flagship MTV, Comedy Central, and Paramount Network.[36]

Showtime Networks

[edit]
Main article: Showtime Networks

Showtime Networks oversees Paramount's premium cable television channels, including the namesake Showtime service.

Nickelodeon Group

[edit]
Main article: Nickelodeon Group

Nickelodeon Group (also known as "Nickelodeon Networks Inc."; and as its family distribution name "Paramount Kids and Family Group") is an American entertainment company that oversees Paramount's children's entertainment assets, including its namesake cable network.

Other assets

[edit]

Through its Networks division, Paramount also owns internet properties, such as MTV News and AwesomenessTV.

Former assets

[edit]

Paramount ran a virtual world system, Virtual MTV, in the late 2000s.[40]

The company has owned various other internet properties including virtual pets website Neopets; Flash game websites AddictingGames.com and Shockwave.com; online content production company Atom Entertainment; along with RateMyProfessors.com, GameTrailers, and iFilm, all of which have been shut down or sold off during 2000s and 2010s.

New York headquarters

During the first quarter of 2008, iFilm was merged into Spike with its website re–branded and re–purposed as Spike.com.[41]

In 2014, Viacom purchased a stake in multi-channel network Defy Media, while offloading GameTrailers, Addicting Games, and Shockwave to Defy.[42]

Harmonix and gaming

[edit]
Main article: Harmonix

In 2006, Viacom acquired Harmonix, a video game studio oriented towards music video games and the original developer of the Guitar Hero franchise, for $175 million.[43] The two subsequently collaborated on the creation of Rock Band.[44] That year, Viacom also acquired the gaming–oriented communications platform Xfire.[45]

In 2010, Harmonix was divested to an investment firm to become an independent studio,[46][47] and Xfire was sold.[48]

In 2011, Viacom established a short–lived, in–house development studio known as 345 Games, which was dedicated primarily to developing games based on Comedy Central, MTV and Spike properties.[49]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Warner takes MTV, Nickelodeon public" (PDF). Broadcasting. Broadcasting Publications, Inc. June 25, 1984. Retrieved January 12, 2022 – via World Radio History.
  2. ^ MCN Staff (November 4, 2002). "NBC to Buy Bravo". Multichannel News. Retrieved August 21, 2022.
  3. ^ "BUSINESS PEOPLE; A Chief Is Named By MTV Networks". The New York Times. July 19, 1985. Retrieved June 1, 2014.
  4. ^ "Warner to buy out American Express; MTV to go private (page 29)" (PDF). Broadcasting. Broadcasting Publications, Inc. August 12, 1985. Retrieved January 13, 2022 – via World Radio History.
  5. ^ "Viacom to Buy Warner Stake In Cable Units". The Washington Post. August 27, 1985.
  6. ^ "Viacom gets its MTV (page 50)" (PDF). Broadcasting. Broadcasting Publications, Inc. September 2, 1985. Retrieved January 13, 2022 – via World Radio History.
  7. ^ Fabrikant, Geraldine (September 17, 1986). "VIACOM CHIEF LEADS GROUP'S BUYOUT BID (Published 1986)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 23, 2021. In November 1985, Viacom acquired MTV Networks for $326 million in cash and warrants. One-third of MTV was publicly owned; the rest was owned by Warner Communications and the American Express Company. At the same time, Viacom bought 50 percent of Showtime, the pay television service, that it did not already own for $184 million.
  8. ^ "Viacom has bought MTV and Showtime/TMC" (PDF). Broadcasting. Broadcasting Publications, Inc. May 20, 1986. Retrieved January 24, 2022 – via World Radio History.
  9. ^ "Superboy barter" (PDF). Broadcasting. July 18, 1988. p. 61. Retrieved November 2, 2023.
  10. ^ Brown, Rich (October 5, 1992). "VH-1 looks for syndication hit" (PDF). Broadcasting. p. 32. Retrieved November 2, 2023.
  11. ^ Jannarone, John (October 28, 2012). "Audiences Fall for MTV, Comedy Central". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  12. ^ Flint, Joe (October 10, 2012). "MTV has big ratings issue, analyst warns". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  13. ^ Lieberman, David (February 9, 2017). "Viacom CEO Supports Paramount And Non-Core Networks – But For How Long?". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved September 18, 2017.
  14. ^ "Viacom Stock Rises on Restructuring". Multichannel. February 9, 2017. Retrieved September 2, 2019.
  15. ^ "Viacom Unveils Five-Point Turnaround Plan (MESA)". February 9, 2017. Retrieved September 2, 2019.
  16. ^ "Viacom outlines five point turnaround plan". TBI Vision. February 9, 2017. Retrieved September 2, 2019.
  17. ^ Goldberg, Lesley (February 1, 2017). "Viacom Restructure: CMT, TV Land Moved to Kevin Kay's Global Entertainment Group". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 5, 2019.
  18. ^ Andreeva, Nellie (February 9, 2017). "Spike President On Channel's Rebranding As The Paramount Network". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  19. ^ Andreeva, Nellie (February 9, 2017). "Spike To Change Name & Become The Paramount Network In Viacom Rebranding". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved September 18, 2017.
  20. ^ Holloway, Daniel; Otterson, Joe (October 25, 2018). "Kevin Kay Exits Paramount Network as Viacom Reorganizes Cable Channels". Variety. Retrieved February 5, 2019.
  21. ^ "Viacom Acquires Free Streaming Platform Pluto TV for $340 Million". The Hollywood Reporter. January 22, 2019. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  22. ^ "Viacom Announces Completion of Pluto TV Acquisition". www.businesswire.com. March 4, 2019. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  23. ^ Spangler, Todd (April 29, 2019). "Viacom Launching 14 Free Channels on Pluto TV, Sets Broad Digital Originals Slate". Variety. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
  24. ^ Peterson, Tim (April 16, 2019). "Viacom will debut 15 channels on Pluto TV to bolster its upfront pitch". Retrieved April 29, 2019.
  25. ^ Szalai, George; Bond, Paul; Vlessing, Etan (August 13, 2019). "CBS, Viacom Strike Deal to Recombine". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 15, 2019.
  26. ^ "CBS and Viacom To Combine" (PDF). CBS. August 12, 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 13, 2019.
  27. ^ Steinberg, Brian (October 28, 2019). "Viacom, CBS Set to Merge in Early December". Variety. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  28. ^ Weprin, Alex (October 29, 2019). "Viacom-CBS Merger Now Expected to Close in 'Early December'". Billboard. Retrieved October 29, 2019.
  29. ^ "ViacomCBS shakes up its content leadership teams following merger". TechCrunch. November 11, 2019. Retrieved December 9, 2019.
  30. ^ "Viacom and CBS Announce Content and Digital Leadership | Business Wire".
  31. ^ Littleton, Cynthia (January 15, 2020). "ViacomCBS Shuffles Oversight of Pop TV, Bellator MMA Amid Post-Merger Restructuring (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety.
  32. ^ Petski, Denise (April 29, 2022). "Michael Fabiani Upped To SVP Communications, Paramount Media Networks & MTV Entertainment Studios". Deadline. Retrieved June 15, 2022.
  33. ^ Maas, Jenniffer (May 9, 2023). "Paramount Media Networks, Showtime and MTV Entertainment Studios to Lay Off 25% of U.S. Staff as MTV News Shuts Down". Variety. Retrieved May 18, 2023.
  34. ^ Studios, Second Chance. "Second Chance Studios Graduates First Class of Formerly Incarcerated Fellows, Partnering with MTV Entertainment Group to Launch Media Careers". prnewswire.com. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
  35. ^ "Smithsonian sells its stake in... the Smithsonian Channel". bizjournals.com. November 8, 2019. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
  36. ^ Studios, MTV Entertainment. "MTV Entertainment Studios unveils expansive lineup of 90+ new and returning series across Paramount Media Networks and Paramount+, including MTV, Comedy Central, VH1, CMT, Smithsonian Channel and Paramount Network". prnewswire.com. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
  37. ^ Otterson, Joe (September 22, 2020). "Paramount Network Rebrands, Doubles Down on Movies and Minis (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved December 14, 2021.
  38. ^ White, Peter (January 24, 2022). "Paramount Movie Network Put On Ice As ViacomCBS Nixes Rebrand Plans For 'Yellowstone' Network". Deadline. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
  39. ^ Andreeva, Nellie (January 16, 2020). "Sarah Babineau & Keith Cox Promoted To Top Creative Posts At ViacomCBS' Entertainment & Youth Unit, Jonas Larsen Exits". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on January 16, 2020. Retrieved January 16, 2020.
  40. ^ "Virtual MTV Launches Alpha of Browser-Based Experience". Engage Digital. February 5, 2009. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
  41. ^ Andrew Hampp (September 11, 2007). "Once Considered a YouTube Rival, MTV Does Away With IFilm.com". AdAge. Retrieved February 18, 2012.
  42. ^ Kafka, Peter (June 9, 2014). "Viacom Makes a Web Video Bet, and Grabs a Piece of Defy Media". Recode. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  43. ^ "MTV acquires Harmonix for USD $175 million". GamesIndustry.biz. Retrieved October 9, 2017.
  44. ^ Kohler, Chris (September 14, 2007). "A Glimpse Into Harmonix's Punk-Rock Design Process". Wired. Retrieved July 24, 2008.
  45. ^ "Viacom to acquire Xfire". GameSpot. April 24, 2006. Retrieved October 9, 2017.
  46. ^ Halliday, Josh (December 24, 2010). "Viacom sells Rock Band game studio". The Guardian. London. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  47. ^ Marie, Meagan (December 23, 2010). "Viacom Sells Harmonix To Columbus Nova". Game Informer. Archived from the original on December 26, 2010. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
  48. ^ Wauters, Robin. "Exclusive: Titan Gaming Takes Xfire Off Viacom's Hands". TechCrunch. Retrieved October 9, 2017.
  49. ^ "MTV Networks Group Launches 345 Games". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved October 9, 2017.
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