Étoile Nord-Africaine
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Étoile Nord-Africaine | |
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| President | Messali Hadj |
| Secretary-General | Imache Amar |
| Founded | 1926 |
| Banned | 1937 |
| Succeeded by | Algerian People's Party |
| Ideology | Algerian nationalism Algerian independence Anti-Imperialism |
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The Étoile Nord-Africaine or ENA (French for North African Star) was an early Algerian nationalist organization founded in 1926.[1] It was dissolved first in 1929, then reorganised in 1933 but was later finally dissolved in 1937. It can be considered a forerunner of the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN), who fought France during the Algerian War (1954–62).
It was formed in 1926 by Algerian nationalist politician Hadj-Ali Abdelkader and called for an uprising against French colonial rule and total independence. It had no armed wing and attempted to organize peacefully. The party maintained links with the French Communist Party (PCF), until its dissolution. Later the Comintern, the PCF declared Algerian national independence premature. In 1925, Messali Hadj joined the ENA and in 1927 participated in the creation of the League Against Imperialism. The reorganisation of the 'Glorieuse ENA' in 1933 elected Messali Hadj President, Imache Amar Secretary General and Belkacem Radjef Treasurer. It also voted for an ambitious plan to lead Algeria to independence by peaceful means. The Étoile was dissolved by the French authorities in 1937 and Messali was imprisoned. It is considered by some the first modern Algerian political party.
In 1937, two months after its dissolution, the leaders of ENA, including Messali, founded the Algerian People's Party (PPA). This was subsequently dissolved in 1946 and was immediately followed by the creation of the Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties (MTLD), which later became increasingly militant. Messali distanced himself from the MTLD mainstream when it became involved in the Algerian War started by the FLN in November 1954.
References
[edit]- ^ Jansen, Jan C.; Osterhammel, Jürgen (2017). Decolonization: A Short History. Princeton University Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-4008-8488-9. Archived from the original on 2024-05-21. Retrieved 2022-02-03.
External links
[edit]Literature
[edit]- Rachid Tlemcani, State and Revolution in Algeria, Boulder: Westview Press (1986).
- Benyoucef Ben Khedda, "Les Origines du 1er Novembre 1954", Algiers: Editions Dahlab (1989).
| International | |
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| National | |
| Other | |
- Politics of French Algeria
- Background and causes of the Algerian War
- 1920s in Algeria
- 1926 establishments in Algeria
- 1929 disestablishments in Algeria
- 1930s in Algeria
- 1933 establishments in Algeria
- 1937 disestablishments in Algeria
- Banned secessionist parties
- Banned political parties in Algeria
- Defunct political parties in France
- Political parties disestablished in 1929
- Political parties disestablished in 1937
- Political parties established in 1926
- Political parties established in 1933