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2025 in spaceflight

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2025 in spaceflight
The Artemis 2 mission is scheduled to carry four astronauts to perform a flyby of the Moon in 2025.
2025 in spaceflight
← 2024
2026 →

Spaceflight in 2025 promises to follow the 2020s trend of record breaking orbital launches and increased developments in lunar, Mars and low-earth orbit exploration.

NASA plans to launch the Artemis 2 mission on the Space Launch System, sending astronauts around the Moon on a ten-day lunar flyby.

ESA plans to conduct an orbital test flight of the Space Rider uncrewed spaceplane in the third quarter of the year.[1]

The first Indian crewed spaceflight, Gaganyaan-4, is planned for 2025.

China plans to launch the Tianwen-2 (ZhengHe) asteroid sample-return and comet probe.[2]

As of 2021, the mission of the Juno spacecraft orbiting Jupiter is targeted to end no later than September 2025. NASA has stated that the mission could end sooner depending on potential damage from the system's radiation belts during fly-bys of Europa in 2022, and Io in 2023 and 2024.[3][4]

Kuiper Systems, Amazon’s satellite internet subsidiary, ramp up launches for its constellation of over 3,000 satellites. The launches will occur on Ariane 6, Vulcan Centaur and New Glenn launch vehicles.[5]

Vast plans to launch the first ever commercial space station in 2025.[6]

Blue Origin plans to launch their MK1 Lunar Lander as a "pathfinder" mission in 2025.[7]

Orbital launches

[edit]
Main articles: List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2025 and List of spaceflight launches in July–December 2025
Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat) 		Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January

[edit]
January (TBD)[12] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States IM-2 Athena Intuitive Machines TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  
United States Khon1[13][14] Intuitive Machines Selenocentric (ELFO) Lunar communications  
United States Lunar Trailblazer NASA / Caltech Selenocentric Lunar orbiter  
United States Micro-Nova (μNova)[15][13] Intuitive Machines TLI to lunar surface Lunar hopper  
United States Finland M1 MAPP[16] Lunar Outpost / Nokia TLI to lunar surface Lunar rover
Technology demonstration		  
United States Odin (Brokkr-2)[17] AstroForge Heliocentric Technology demonstration  
United States AstroAnt[18] MIT TLI to lunar surface Lunar rover  
Japan Yaoki[19] Dymon [ja] TLI to lunar surface Lunar rover  
⚀ Canada DOGE-1[20] GEC TLI Remote sensing  
IM-2 South Pole Mission, flying the second Nova-C lunar lander.[8] The Polar Resources Ice Mining Experiment 1 (PRIME-1) payload will be delivered to the lunar south pole near Shackleton Crater for the CLPS program.[9] Spaceflight's "GEO Pathfinder" rideshare mission will be conducted via the Sherpa-ES transfer vehicle.[10] DOGE-1 is the first commercial lunar payload to be funded through Dogecoin.[11]
January (TBD)[21] United States Vulcan Centaur VC2S V-005 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States GPS III-07 Sally Ride U.S. Space Force Medium Earth Navigation  
First GPS mission on Vulcan Centaur. Named after American astronaut Sally Ride, the first American woman in space.

February

[edit]
12 February [22] Russia Soyuz-2.1a Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 31/6 Russia Roscosmos
Russia Progress MS-30 / 91P Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics  
27 February[23] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
United States SPHEREx NASA Low Earth (SSO) Near-infrared astronomy  
United States PUNCH[24] NASA Low Earth (SSO) Heliophysics  
February (TBD)[25] Europe Ariane 62 VA263 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
France CSO-3 CNES / DGA Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance  
February (TBD)[26] United States Electron New Zealand Mahia LC-1 United States Rocket Lab
⚀ France Kinéis × 5 Kinéis Low Earth IoT  
Fifth of five dedicated launches for Kinéis' IoT satellite constellation.
February (TBD)[28] Japan Epsilon S Japan Uchinoura Japan JAXA
Vietnam LOTUSat-1[29][30] VNSC Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
First launch of Epsilon S, an upgraded version of Epsilon that will have commonality with H3 rocket components.[27]
February (TBD)[31][32] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States Cygnus NG-22 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics  
Last of three Cygnus spacecraft to be launched via Falcon 9.
February (TBD)[33] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States SpaceX Crew-10 NASA Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 72 / 73  
February (TBD)[34] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA  
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-13.
February (TBD)[35] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA  
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to a 45-degree mid-inclination orbit, designated Bandwagon-3.
February (TBD)[36] India HLVM 3 India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India Gaganyaan-1 / G1 ISRO Low Earth Flight test  
First Gaganyaan flight test.
February (TBD)[38][39] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States GPS III-08 Katherine Johnson U.S. Space Force Medium Earth Navigation  
Named after NASA mathematician and human computer Katherine Johnson.[37]

March

[edit]
17 March [40] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Aist-2T №1 Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Russia Aist-2T №2 Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
20 March [41] Russia Soyuz-2.1a Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 31/6 Russia Roscosmos
Russia Soyuz MS-27 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 72/73  
March (TBD)[42] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States SpaceX CRS-33 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics  
March (TBD)[43] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States Fram2 SpaceX Low Earth (Polar) Private spaceflight
Human spaceflight research		  
Crew Dragon orbital flight carrying four civilian passengers for 3 to 5 days, led by Chun Wang. First crewed spaceflight to a polar orbit.
March (TBD) [45] United States Atlas V 551 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × ? Kuiper Systems Low Earth Communications  
Second of nine Project Kuiper launches on Atlas V.[44] Mission Designated "Atlas Kuiper Mission #1 (KA-01)"
March (TBD)[47][48] South Korea Hanbit-Nano Brazil Alcântara Space Center South Korea Innospace
⚀ Brazil TBA UFMA Low Earth TBA  
⚀ Brazil TBA Castro Leite Consultoria LTDA Low Earth TBA  
First private orbital launch from Alcântara. Maiden flight of Hanbit-Nano.[46]
March (TBD)[49][50] United States New Glenn NG-2 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States Blue Moon (Mk1) Blue Origin TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander
Technology demonstration		  
Blue Moon MK1 Pathfinder Mission (MK1-SN001), expected to launch between March and December 2025. Second National Security Space Launch demonstration flight for New Glenn.
March (TBD)[52] Russia Soyuz-2.1b Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 31/6 Russia Roscosmos
Russia Bion-M №2 Roscosmos Low Earth Biological science  
30-day mission to observe the effects of the Van Allen radiation belts on mice.[51]
March (TBD)[citation needed] China Kuaizhou 11 Y7 China Jiuquan LS-95A China ExPace
China TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA  
Q1 (TBD)[53] Europe Vega-C VV26 France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Europe Biomass ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Earth Explorer 7 of the Living Planet Programme.
Q1 (TBD) [54][55] China Pallas-1 Y1 China Wenchang Hainan LC-2 China Galactic Energy
China Low Earth  
Maiden flight of the Pallas-1 launch vehicle.
Q1 (TBD)[58][57] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States MRV-1 Northrop Grumman / DARPA Geosynchronous Satellite servicing  
United States MEP × 3 Northrop Grumman Geosynchronous Satellite servicing  
The Mission Robotic Vehicle (MRV) will carry DARPA's Robotic Servicing of Geosynchronous Spacecraft (RSGS) Robotic Payload.[56] It will install three propulsion jet packs, referred to as Mission Extension Pods (MEP), on satellites that are nearing the end of their operational lifespans. Two of the three MEPs will be installed on Optus D3 and an Intelsat satellite in 2025 and 2026, respectively.[57]
Q1 (TBD)[59][60] India GSLV Mk II F16 India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
United States India NISAR NASA / ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Q1 (TBD)[62] India LVM3 India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India GSAT-32 (GSAT-N3) ISRO Geosynchronous Communications  
GSAT-32 is also Known as GSAT-N3. Planned replacement for GSAT-6A.[61]
Q1 (TBD)[63] India LVM3 M5 India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India TBA NSIL TBA TBA  
NSIL Payload
Q1 (TBD)[64][65] Russia Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Kanopus-VO №2 Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Q1 (TBD)[66] Russia Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat-M Russia Plesetsk Site 43 Russia Roscosmos
Russia Obzor-R №1[67] Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Q1 (TBD)[68][69] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Europe Sentinel-3C EUMETSAT Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Third Sentinel-3 satellite.
Q1 (TBD)[70] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA  
Small Satellites Mission Service (SSMS) #9 rideshare mission.
Q1 (TBD)[71][72] United States Vulcan Centaur VC4S United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States TBA U.S. Space Force TBA Reconnaissance  
USSF-112 Mission.
Q1 (TBD)[73] TBA TBA TBA
⚀ United States SPARCS JPL Low Earth Ultraviolet radiation  

April

[edit]
29 April[23] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States IMAP NASA Sun–Earth L1 Heliophysics  
United States GLIDE (Carruthers Geocorona Observatory) NASA Sun–Earth L1 Exosphere research  
United States SWFO-L1 NOAA Sun–Earth L1 Space weather  
Part of the Solar Terrestrial Probes program. Under NASA's SMD Rideshare Initiative, two secondary spacecraft will be launched along with IMAP to the Sun–Earth L1 point.
April (TBD)[74][75] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Ionosfera-M №3 RAS Low Earth (SSO) Ionospheric research  
Russia Ionosfera-M №4 RAS Low Earth (SSO) Ionospheric research  
⚀ Russia TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA  
GK Launch Services commercial rideshare mission.
April (TBD)[76] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications  
First of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
April (TBD)[78] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States TRACERS NASA Low Earth (SSO) Magnetospheric research  
TRACERS is part of NASA's Small Explorers program, with a launch readiness date of 13 April 2025.[77]
April (TBD)[79] China Long March 2F/G 2F-Y20 China Jiuquan SLS-1 China CASC
China Shenzhou 20 CMSA Low Earth (TSS) TBA  

May

[edit]
May (TBD)[81][82] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
United States TSIS-2 NASA / LASP Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance Sensor-2. Hosted on a General Atomics Orbital Test Bed (OTB) satellite platform.[80]
May (TBD)[83] United States Vulcan Centaur VC4L[84] United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States SSC Demo-1 NASA / Sierra Space Low Earth (ISS) Flight test  
First Dream Chaser demonstration mission for CRS-2. First flight of the Vulcan Centaur VC4L configuration.
May (TBD)[35] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA  
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to a 45-degree mid-inclination orbit, designated Bandwagon-4.
May (TBD)[2] China Long March 3B China Xichang China CASC
China Tianwen-2 CNSA Heliocentric Asteroid sample-return
Comet orbiter		  
Formerly known as ZhengHe.
May (TBD)[85] United States Minotaur IV United States TBA United States Northrop Grumman
United States EWS OD-1 U.S. Space Force Low Earth Technology demonstration  
USSF-261S-A mission.
May (TBD)[22] Russia Soyuz-2.1a Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 31/6 Russia Roscosmos
Russia Progress MS-31 / 92P Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics  

June

[edit]
June (TBD)[86] United States Antares 330 United States MARS LP-0A United States Northrop Grumman
United States Cygnus NG-23 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics  
First flight of the Antares 330 variant.
June (TBD) [87] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States SpaceX CRS-34 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics  
June (TBD)[citation needed] United States Electron New Zealand Mahia or United States MARS United States Rocket Lab
United States Acadia-10 Capella Space Low Earth Earth observation  
Fourth of four dedicated launches for Capella Space.
June (TBD)[88][89] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
Spain SpainSat NG II Hisdesat Geosynchronous Communications  
June (TBD)[34] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA  
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-14.
June (TBD)[90] China Zhuque-3 Y1 China TBA China LandSpace
China TBA TBA Low Earth TBA  
Maiden flight of the Zhuque-3 orbital launch vehicle.
Q2 (TBD)[91][92] Europe Vega-C VV27 France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
France CO3D × 4[93] CNES Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Q2 (TBD)[94][95] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States Ax-4 SpaceX / Axiom Space Low Earth (ISS) Private spaceflight  
Axiom Mission 4, launching on Crew Dragon. 14-day commercial flight of four astronauts to the International Space Station.
Q2 (TBD)[96][97] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States Vigoride[98] Momentus Space Low Earth (SSO) Space tug  
United States Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21 SDA Low Earth (SSO) Military communications  
First of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1(Tranche 1A Mission).
Q2 (TBD)[76] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications  
Second of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
Q2 (TBD)[76] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications  
Third of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
Q2 (TBD)[99] United States New Glenn NG-3 United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States ESCAPADE Blue Space Sciences Laboratory Areocentric Magnetospheric science  
United States ESCAPADE Gold Space Sciences Laboratory Areocentric Magnetospheric science  
Two Photon spacecraft compose the ESCAPADE mission to study Mars' magnetosphere. Part of NASA's Small Innovative Missions for Planetary Exploration (SIMPLEx) program.
Q2 (TBD)
[100][failed verification] 		Japan H3-30S Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan JAXA
Japan VEP-5 JAXA Low Earth to Suborbital Launch vehicle evaluation  
Japan PETREL Tokyo Institute of Technology Low Earth Earth observation Astronomy  
Japan STARS-X Shizuoka University Low Earth Technology demonstration  
⚀ Japan VERTECS Kyushu Institute of Technology Low Earth Astronomy  
⚀ Japan HORN L BULL Low Earth Technology demonstration  
⚀ Japan HORN R BULL Low Earth Technology demonstration  
⚀ France BRO (satellite TBD) UnseenLabs Low Earth SIGINT  
Maiden flight of H3-30S Variant.
Q2 (TBD)[70] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA  
SSMS #7 rideshare mission.
Q2 (TBD)[102] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States ViaSat-3 APAC[103] ViaSat Geosynchronous Communications  
Originally intended to launch on the first flight of the Ariane 64 configuration.[101]
Mid 2025 (TBD)[104] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States KuiperSat × ? Kuiper Systems Low Earth Communications  
First of three Falcon 9 launches for Project Kuiper.
Mid 2025 (TBD)[105] TBA TBA TBA
Bangladesh Bangabandhu-2 SPARRSO Low Earth Earth observation  
H1 2025 (TBD)[106][107] United States Atlas V 551 AV-100 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States ViaSat-3 EMEA[103] ViaSat Geosynchronous Communications  
H1 2025 (TBD)[108] United States Starship United States Starbase United States SpaceX
United States Starship SpaceX Low Earth In-space refueling technology demonstration  
Starship Target for the Starship HLS Prop Transfer Demo, receiving propellant from Chaser.
H1 2025 (TBD)[108] United States Starship United States Starbase United States SpaceX
United States Starship SpaceX Low Earth In-space refueling technology demonstration  
Starship Chaser for the Starship HLS Prop Transfer Demo, transferring propellant to Target.
H1 2025 (TBD)[109] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States TBA NASA TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  
Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) mission delivering payloads to the Gruithuisen Domes.

July

[edit]

August

[edit]
August (TBD)[33] United States Atlas V N22 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States Boeing Starliner-1 (PCM-1) Boeing / NASA Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 73 / 74  
First operational Starliner mission, as part of the Commercial Crew Program. Double-booked with Crew-11; only one of these missions will fly in this timeslot.[33]
August (TBD)[110] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Haven-1 Vast Low Earth Space habitat  
Single-module commercial space station.
August (TBD)[33] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States SpaceX Crew-11 NASA Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 73 / 74  
Double-booked with Starliner-1; only one of these missions will fly in this timeslot.[33]
August (TBD)[111][112] China Kinetica 2 China TBA China CAS Space
China TBA TBA Low Earth TBA  
Maiden launch of Kinetica 2.
August (TBD)[22] Russia Soyuz-2.1a Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 31/6 Russia Roscosmos
Russia Progress MS-32 / 93P Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics  

September

[edit]
September (TBD)[114] United States Falcon Heavy FH-012 United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States Griffin Astrobotic TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  
⚀ United States CubeRover[115] Astrobotic TLI to lunar surface Lunar rover  
Griffin Mission 1. Part of the Commercial Lunar Payload Services program. Landing site is expected to be near the lunar south pole at Nobile Crater.[113]
September (TBD)[116] United States SLS Block 1 United States Kennedy LC-39B United States NASA
United States Artemis 2 NASA Lunar free-return Crewed lunar flyby  
⚀ Germany TACHELES DLR TBA TBA  
⚀ United States TBA TBA TBA TBA  
⚀ United States TBA TBA TBA TBA  
⚀ United States TBA TBA TBA TBA  
⚀ United States TBA TBA TBA TBA  
First crewed test flight of SLS and Orion.
September (TBD)[41] Russia Soyuz-2.1a Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 31/6 Russia Roscosmos
Russia Soyuz MS-28 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 73/74  
September (TBD)[117] United States Vulcan Centaur VC4L United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States SSC CRS-1 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics  
September (TBD)[118] China Long March 3B/E China Xichang LC-2 China CASC
China Fengyun-4C[119] CMA Geosynchronous Meteorology  
Q3 (TBD)[120] Europe Vega-C VV28 France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
China Europe SMILE CAS / ESA Highly elliptical Earth observation  
Q3 (TBD)[68] Europe Ariane 62 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Europe Metop-SG A1 / Sentinel-5A[122] EUMETSAT Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology / Earth observation  
First of six MetOp-SG launches.[121] It will carry Sentinel-5 instrument on board.
Q3 (TBD)[123][124] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
United States Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7 SDA Low Earth Missile tracking  
First of five launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1 (Tranche 1 Tracking Layer A Mission).
Q3 (TBD)[123][124] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Vandenberg SLC-3E United States ULA
United States Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7 SDA Low Earth Missile tracking  
Second of five launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1 (Tranche 1 Tracking Layer B Mission).
Q3 (TBD)[123][124] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Vandenberg SLC-3E United States ULA
United States Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7 SDA Low Earth Missile tracking  
Fourth of five launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1 (Tranche 1 Tracking Layer D Mission).
Q3 (TBD)[68][126] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
Europe MTG-S1 / Sentinel-4A EUMETSAT Geosynchronous Meteorology / Earth observation  
MTG-S1 will host Sentinel-4 instruments.[125]
Q3 (TBD)[1][127] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Europe Space Rider ESA Low Earth Flight test  
First test flight of ESA's Space Rider uncrewed spaceplane.
Q3 (TBD)[70] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA  
SSMS #13 rideshare mission.
Q3 (TBD)[128] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States TBA NRO TBA TBA  
NROL-64 Mission. First NRO launch on Vulcan.
Q3 (TBD)[129] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Vandenberg SLC-3E United States ULA
United States TBA NRO TBA TBA  
NROL-83 Mission. First Vulcan Centaur launch from Vandenberg.

October

[edit]
October (TBD)[131] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States IM-3 Intuitive Machines TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  
United States Khon2 Intuitive Machines Earth–Moon L2 Lunar communications  
United States Lunar Vertex rover NASA TLI to lunar surface Lunar rover  
United States CADRE × 3 NASA TLI to lunar surface Lunar rovers  
Third Nova-C lunar lander. Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) mission delivering payloads to Reiner Gamma.[130] ESA will provide the MoonLIGHT lunar laser retroreflector payload.
October (TBD)[132] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States SpaceX CRS-35 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics  
October (TBD)[69] Europe Vega-C VV29 France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Europe Sentinel-1D ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Fourth Sentinel-1 satellite.
October (TBD)[34] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA  
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-15.
October (TBD)[22] Russia Soyuz-2.1a Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 31/6 Russia Roscosmos
Russia Progress MS-33 / 94P Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics  

November

[edit]
November (TBD)[133][134] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg United States SpaceX
Taiwan FORMOSAT-8B TASA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
November (TBD)[135] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
United States Europe Sentinel-6B NASA / NOAA / EUMETSAT / ESA Low Earth Earth observation  
November (TBD)[136] India PSLV India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India Oceansat-3A[137] ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Oceanography  
November (TBD)[136] India PSLV India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India Resourcesat-3 ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
November (TBD)[138][139] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Italy United States PLATiNO-2 / MAIA ASI / JPL Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
MAIA is a hosted instrument on the PLATiNO-2 satellite.

December

[edit]
December (TBD)[141][142] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States NG-OPIR-GEO 1 (NGG-1) U.S. Space Force Geosynchronous Early warning  
USSF-57 mission.[140] First satellite of the Next-Generation Overhead Persistent InfraRed (NG-OPIR) constellation, follow-up of SBIRS.
December (TBD)[144][145] TBA TBA TBA
South Korea CAS500-5 KARI / Ministry of Science and ICT / Ministry of Environment Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Fifth CAS500 satellite, dedicated to observation of water resources.[143]
Q4 (TBD)[146] United States Electron New Zealand Mahia LC-1A United States Rocket Lab
United States LOXSAT1 Eta Space Low Earth (SSO) Propellant depot
Technology demonstration		  
Q4 (TBD)[147][148] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States CHORUS C MDA Low Earth Earth observation  
United States CHORUS X MDA Low Earth Earth observation  
Q4 (TBD)[149][150] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Kennedy LC-39A United States SpaceX
United States Ax-5 SpaceX / Axiom Space Low Earth (ISS) Private spaceflight  
Axiom Mission 5, launching on Crew Dragon. 14-day commercial flight of four astronauts to the International Space Station.
Q4 (TBD)[152][153] Germany SL1 Sweden Esrange Germany HyImpulse
United States Reentry capsule[153] In Orbit Aerospace Low Earth Technology demonstration  
Maiden flight of HyImpulse's SL1. HyImpulse is a spinoff of DLR.[151]
Q4 (TBD)[154] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Italy IRIDE × ? ASI Low Earth Earth observation  
First launch for the Italian IRIDE satellite constellation.
Q4 (TBD)[154] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Italy IRIDE × ? ASI Low Earth Earth observation  
Second launch for the Italian IRIDE satellite constellation.
Q4 (TBD)[155][142] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States GPS III-09 Onizuka U.S. Space Force Medium Earth Navigation  
Named after NASA astronaut Ellison Onizuka.
Q4 (TBD)[156][72] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Vandenberg SLC-3E United States ULA
United States TBA U.S. Space Force TBA Reconnaissance  
USSF-114 Mission.
Q4 (TBD)[109] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States TBA NASA TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  
CLPS mission delivering payloads to the lunar south pole. ESA's Package for Resource Observation and in-Situ Prospecting for Exploration, Commercial exploitation, and Transportation (PROSPECT) payload will fly on this mission.

To be determined

[edit]
2025 (TBD)[157] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Meteor-M №2-5[158] Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology  
2025 (TBD)[159] Russia Proton-M / Briz-M Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 200/39 Russia Glavkosmos
Iran Ekvator ISA Geosynchronous Communications  
Communications satellite built by ISS Reshetnev for Iran.
2025 (TBD)[160][161] Russia Angara A5M Russia Vostochny Site 1A Russia Roscosmos
Russia TBA Roscosmos Low Earth Flight test  
Maiden flight of the Angara A5M.
2025 (TBD)[162][163] Russia Angara A5 / DM-03[164] Russia Plesetsk Russia Roscosmos
Russia Luch-5M 1[165] Gonets Satellite System Geosynchronous Communications  
2025 (TBD)
[166][167][168][169][170] 		United States Starship Flight 7 United States Starbase OLP-A United States SpaceX
United States No Payload SpaceX Transatmospheric Flight test  
Seventh Starship orbital test flight. Flight 7 will feature the Maiden flight of a Starship Block 2 ship.
2025 (TBD)
[166][167][168][169][170] 		United States Starship Flight 8 United States Starbase OLP-A United States SpaceX
United States No Payload SpaceX Transatmospheric Flight test  
Eighth Starship orbital test flight.
2025 (TBD)[171] China Nebula-1 China Wenchang Hainan LC-2 China Deep Blue Aerospace
China Deep Blue Aerospace Low Earth Flight test  
First flight of Nebula-1.
2025 (TBD)[172][173] China Tianlong-3 Y1 China Wenchang Hainan LC-2 China Space Pioneer
China TBA Space Pioneer Low Earth (SSO) Flight test  
Maiden flight of the Tianlong-3 launch vehicle.
2025 (TBD)[172][173] China Tianlong-3 Y2 China Wenchang Hainan LC-2 China Space Pioneer
China TBA Space Pioneer Low Earth (SSO) Flight test  
2025 (TBD)[172][173] China Tianlong-3 Y3 China Jiuquan China Space Pioneer
China TBA Space Pioneer Low Earth (SSO) Flight test  
2025 (TBD)[174][175] Europe Ariane 62 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Europe Galileo FOC FM29 ESA Medium Earth Navigation  
Europe Galileo FOC FM30 ESA Medium Earth Navigation  
2025 (TBD)[174][175] Europe Ariane 62 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Europe Galileo FOC FM31 ESA Medium Earth Navigation  
Europe Galileo FOC FM32 ESA Medium Earth Navigation  
2025 (TBD)[175] Europe Ariane 62 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Europe Galileo FOC FM33 ESA Medium Earth Navigation  
Europe Galileo FOC FM34 ESA Medium Earth Navigation  
Final batch of first generation Galileo-FOC satellites.
2025 (TBD)[176] Europe Ariane 64 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
United States KuiperSat × ? Kuiper Systems Low Earth Communications  
First of 18 Ariane 6 launches for Amazon's Project Kuiper.
2025 (TBD)[174][177] Europe Ariane 64 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Australia Optus-11 Optus Geosynchronous Communications  
2025 (TBD)[45] United States Atlas V 551 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × ? Kuiper Systems Low Earth Communications  
Third of nine Project Kuiper launches on Atlas V.[44]
2025 (TBD)[45] United States Atlas V 551 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × ? Kuiper Systems Low Earth Communications  
Fourth of nine Project Kuiper launches on Atlas V.[44]
2025 (TBD)[178][179] Ukraine Cyclone-4M Canada Spaceport Nova Scotia Canada MLS
Canada TBA GALAXIA Mission Systems Low Earth Ship tracking  
First Cyclone-4M launch.
2025 (TBD)[180] United States Dauntless United States Cape Canaveral SLC-13[181] United States Vaya Space
United States Vaya Space Low Earth Flight test  
Maiden flight of Dauntless.
2025 (TBD)[182][183] South Korea Nuri (KSLV-II) South Korea Naro LC-2 South Korea KARI
South Korea CAS500-3 KASI / Ministry of Science and ICT Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration  
South Korea NEXTSat-3 KAIST Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration  
Fourth planned launch of Nuri. Third CAS500 satellite, dedicated to space science and technology verification.[143]
2025 (TBD)[184] United States Electron New Zealand Mahia LC-1 United States Rocket Lab
Japan StriX-5 Synspective Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Seventh of 16 dedicated launches for Synspective's StriX constellation, and the first of a renewed contract of 10 additional dedicated launches signed in June 2024.[184]
2025 (TBD)[184] United States Electron New Zealand Mahia LC-1 United States Rocket Lab
Japan StriX-6 Synspective Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Eighth of 16 dedicated launches for Synspective's StriX constellation.
2025 (TBD)[185] United States Electron New Zealand TBA United States Rocket Lab
United States VICTUS HAZE Space Systems Command Low Earth Space domain awareness  
Tactically Responsive Space (TacRS-4) Mission.
2025 (TBD)[186] Japan Epsilon S Japan Uchinoura Japan JAXA
Japan Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration-4 JAXA Low Earth Technology demonstration  
Part of JAXA's Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration Program.
2025 (TBD)[187] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States Peru Andesat-1 Astranis / Andesat Geosynchronous Communications  
United States TBA Astranis Geosynchronous Communications  
Astranis Block 4 mission.
2025 (TBD)[188] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
South Korea CAS500-2 KAI Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
South Korea CAS500-4[143] KARI / Ministry of Science and ICT / MAFRA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[189] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States Globalstar M104–120[190] Globalstar Low Earth Communications  
Launch of 17 satellites for Globalstar's third-generation constellation.
2025 (TBD)[104] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States KuiperSat × ? Kuiper Systems Low Earth Communications  
Second of three Falcon 9 launches for Project Kuiper.
2025 (TBD)[104] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United States KuiperSat × ? Kuiper Systems Low Earth Communications  
Last of three Falcon 9 launches for Project Kuiper.
Q4 (TBD)[191][192] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
France Germany Mission Possible The Exploration Company Low Earth Technology demonstration  
Demonstration mission of the Nyx reusable spacecraft. A splashdown recovery of the prototype will be attempted.
2025 (TBD)[193][194] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
Luxembourg O3b mPOWER 9 (O3b FM29) SES S.A. Medium Earth Communications  
Luxembourg O3b mPOWER 10 (O3b FM30) SES S.A. Medium Earth Communications  
Luxembourg O3b mPOWER 11 (O3b FM31) SES S.A. Medium Earth Communications  
H2 2025 (TBD)[76] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications  
Fourth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD)[76] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications  
Fifth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD)[76] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications  
Sixth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD)[76] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications  
Seventh of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD)[76] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
Germany Rivada × 24 Rivada Space Networks Low Earth (SSO) Communications  
Eighth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
2025 (TBD)[195] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United Kingdom Skynet 6A Airbus Defence and Space / UK Ministry of Defence Geosynchronous Military communications  
2025 (TBD)[196] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
Thailand Thaicom 9 Thaicom Geosynchronous Communications  
Mexico TBA × 2 Apco Networks Geosynchronous Communications  
Philippines TBA Orbits Corp Geosynchronous Communications  
TBA TBA Geosynchronous Communications  
Astranis Block 3 mission carrying five MicroGEO satellites.
2025 (TBD)[197] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States TBA United States Space Force TBA Reconnaissance  
USSF-36 Mission.
2025 (TBD)[198][72] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States TBA NRO TBA Reconnaissance  
NROL-69 mission.
2025 (TBD)[97] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21 SDA Low Earth (SSO) Military communications  
Second of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1 (Tranche 1 Transport Layer B Mission).
2025 (TBD)[97] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United StatesSpaceX
United States Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21 SDA Low Earth (SSO) Military communications  
Third of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1 (Tranche 1 Transport Layer C Mission).
2025 (TBD)[97] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21 SDA Low Earth (SSO) Military communications  
Fourth of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1 (Tranche 1 Transport Layer D Mission).
2025 (TBD)[97] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21 SDA Low Earth (SSO) Military communications  
Fifth of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1 (Tranche 1 Transport Layer E Mission).
2025 (TBD)[97] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21 SDA Low Earth (SSO) Military communications  
Last of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1 (Tranche 1 Transport Layer F Mission).
2025 (TBD)[123][124] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
United States Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7 SDA Low Earth Missile tracking  
Third of five launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1 (Tranche 1 Tracking Layer C Mission).
2025 (TBD)[123][124] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Vandenberg SLC-4E United States SpaceX
United States Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7 SDA Low Earth Missile tracking  
Last of five launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1 (Tranche 1 Tracking Layer E Mission).
2025 (TBD)[110] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Vast-1 Vast Low Earth (Haven-1) Private spaceflight  
First crewed mission to Vast's Haven-1 commercial space station.
2025 (TBD)[199] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
South Korea TBA SpaceX Low Earth Reconnaissance  
Fourth of five dedicated launches for DAPA 425 Project (425 Project Flight 4).
2025 (TBD)[200] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States TBA United States SpaceX
South Korea TBA SpaceX Low Earth Reconnaissance  
Fifth of five dedicated launches for DAPA 425 Project (425 Project Flight 5).
2025 (TBD)[201] China Gravity-2 China TBA China Orienspace
China TBA TBA Low Earth TBA  
Maiden flight of Gravity-2.
2025 (TBD)[202][62] India GSLV Mk II India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India GSAT-7B ISRO Geosynchronous Communications  
2025 (TBD)[203][62] India GSLV Mk II India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India GSAT-7C ISRO Geosynchronous Communications  
2025 (TBD)[202][62] India GSLV Mk II India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India GSAT-7R ISRO Geosynchronous Communications  
Will eventually replace GSAT-7.
2025 (TBD)[63] India GSLV Mk II India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India IDRSS-1 (CMS-04) ISRO Geosynchronous Communications  
First of two Satellite for Indian Data Relay satellite System.
2025 (TBD)[63] India GSLV Mk II India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India IDRSS-2 ISRO Geosynchronous Communications  
Second of two Satellite for Indian Data Relay satellite System.
2025 (TBD)[205] United Kingdom Hera II United Kingdom Boeing C-17 Globemaster III, Prestwick Spaceport United Kingdom Astraius
⚀ United States Lemur-2 × ?[206] Spire Global Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Maiden flight of Astraius's Hera II launch vehicle.[204]
2025 (TBD)[36] India HLVM 3 India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India Gaganyaan-2 / G2 ISRO Low Earth Flight test  
Second Gaganyaan flight test. Will carry the Vyommitra humanoid robot.[207]
2025 (TBD)[208][36] India HLVM 3 India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India Gaganyaan-3 / G3 ISRO Low Earth Flight test  
Third Gaganyaan flight test. Will carry the Vyommitra humanoid robot.[208][207]
2025 (TBD)[209] India HLVM 3 India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India Gaganyaan-4 / H1 ISRO Low Earth Crewed spaceflight  
India's first crewed spaceflight.
2025 (TBD)[210] China Hyperbola-3 China Jiuquan LA-4 China i-Space
China i-Space Low Earth Flight test  
Maiden flight of Hyperbola-3.
JFY2025 (TBD)[186][213] Japan H3-24L Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan ETS-9 (Kiku 9) JAXA / NICT Geosynchronous Communications
Technology demonstration		  
ETS-9 will carry the High Speed Communication with Advanced Laser Instrument (HICALI), which will demonstrate 10 Gbps laser communications between geosynchronous orbit and ground-stations.[211][212]
2025 (TBD)[186] Japan H3-24W Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan HTV-X1 JAXA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics
Technology demonstration		  
⚀ Japan Ten-Koh 2[214] Nihon University Low Earth Magnetosphere observation / Technology demonstration  
First HTV-X resupply mission.
JFY2025 (TBD)[186] Japan H3 Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan QZS-6 (Michibiki-6) CAO Tundra Navigation  
JFY2025 (TBD)[186] Japan H3-22S Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan QZS-7 (Michibiki-7) CAO Tundra Navigation  
2025 (TBD)[citation needed] China Kuaizhou 11 Y? China Jiuquan LS-95A China ExPace
China JSBT Low Earth  
China Xiangrikui 1A Low Earth  
China Xiangrikui 1B Low Earth  
China Yijian Duoxing Low Earth  
China Zhongwei 1 Low Earth  
China Tianyi 4 Low Earth  
2025 (TBD)[215] China Long March 2C China Taiyuan LC-9 China CASC
China HaiYang 1E[216][217] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[215] China Long March 2C China Taiyuan LC-9 China CASC
China HaiYang 1F[218][216] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[219] China Long March 2C 2C-Y? China Jiuquan SLS-2 China CASC
China Siwei Gaojing 1-05 (SuperView Neo 1-05) Low Earth Earth Observation  
China Siwei Gaojing 1-06 (SuperView Neo 1-06) Low Earth Earth Observation  
2025 (TBD)[220] China Long March 2C 2C-Y? China Taiyuan LC-9 China CASC
China Siwei Gaojing 2-03 (SuperView Neo 2-03) Low Earth Earth Observation  
China Siwei Gaojing 2-04 (SuperView Neo 2-04) Low Earth Earth Observation  
2025 (TBD)[221] China Long March 3B / YZ-1 China Xichang China CASC
China BeiDou-3 M29 (Beidou-61) CNSA Medium Earth Navigation  
China BeiDou-3 M30 (Beidou-62) CNSA Medium Earth Navigation  
2025 (TBD)[118] China Long March 3B/E China TBA China CASC
China Fengyun 4 MW CMA Geosynchronous Meteorology  
Fengyun 4 Microwave prototype satellite.
2025 (TBD)[215] China Long March 4B China Taiyuan LC-9 China CASC
China HaiYang 2E[222] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[215] China Long March 4B China Jiuquan SLS-2 China CASC
China HaiYang 2F[223][224] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[215] China Long March 4B China Jiuquan SLS-2 China CASC
China HaiYang 2G[225][226] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[215] China Long March 4B China Taiyuan LC-9 China CASC
China HaiYang 2H[227] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[215] China Long March 4B China Jiuquan SLS-2 China CASC
China HaiYang 2L[224] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth Earth observation  
Ocean Wind and Wave Observation Satellite.
2025 (TBD)[228] China Long March 4B 4B-Y? China Taiyuan LC-9 China CASC
China Ziyuan-III 04 Low Earth Earth Observation  
2025 (TBD)[229][230] China Long March 4C China Taiyuan LC-9 China CASC
China Fengyun 3H[231] CMA Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology  
2025 (TBD)[215] China Long March TBA China TBA China CASC
China HaiYang 3D[232] Ministry of Natural Resources Geosynchronous Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[233][234] China Long March TBA China TBA China CASC
Venezuela VeneSat-2 (Guaicaipuro) ABAE Geosynchronous Communications  
Replacement for Venesat-1. Named after Guaicaipuro.
2025 (TBD)[235][236] India LVM3 India Satish Dhawan SLP India ISRO
India GSAT-22 NSIL Geosynchronous Communications  
2025 (TBD)[235] India LVM3 India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India GSAT-23 ISRO Geosynchronous Communications  
H2 2025 (TBD)[237] Europe Maia France Kourou Europe MaiaSpace
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA  
Maiden flight of Maia.
H2 2025 (TBD)[239] United States Neutron United States MARS LC-3 United States Rocket Lab
United States Rocket Lab Low Earth Flight test  
Maiden flight of Neutron, lifting off from Launch Complex 3 at the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport.[238]
2025 (TBD)[240] United States Nova United States Cape Canaveral LC-14 United States Stoke Space
United States Stoke Space Low Earth Flight test  
Maiden flight of Nova.
2025 (TBD)[241] United Kingdom Prime United Kingdom Sutherland United Kingdom Orbex
United Kingdom SSTL experimental payload[242] SSTL Low Earth Technology demonstration  
First launch of Orbex's Prime smallsat launch vehicle.
2025 (TBD)[243] United Kingdom Prime United Kingdom Sutherland United Kingdom Orbex
United States Dedicated rideshare mission TriSept Low Earth Satellite dispenser  
2025 (TBD)[244] United Kingdom Prime United Kingdom Sutherland United Kingdom Orbex
United Kingdom Faraday-2b In-Space Missions Low Earth Technology demonstration  
2025 (TBD)[157][245] Russia Proton-M / DM-03 Kazakhstan Baikonur Russia Roscosmos
Russia Elektro-L №5[246] Roscosmos Geosynchronous Meteorology  
2025 (TBD)[63][247] India PSLV-XL C61 India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India RISAT-1B (EOS-09)[248] ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
United Kingdom SCOT TBA Low Earth TBA  
India CGUSAT TBA Low Earth TBA  
India LEAP-1 Dhruva Space Low Earth Earth observation  
⚀ United States Phoenix[249] Lunasonde Low Earth Earth observation  
⚀ Nepal Munal-1 NAST Low Earth TBA  
⚀ Poland Sowa-1 SatRev Low Earth TBA  
2025 (TBD)[63][250] India PSLV-XL C62 India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India Cartosat-3A (EOS-10) ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[251][252] India PSLV-XL C63 India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India ANVESHA DRDO Low Earth TBA  
2025 (TBD)[63] India PSLV N2 India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India TBA NSIL Low Earth TBA  
⚀ India Aadyah TBA Low Earth TBA  
⚀ India DRISHTI TBA Low Earth TBA  
⚀ India Sanskardhaam TBA Low Earth TBA  
⚀ India DS P30 x2 Dhruva Space Low Earth Earth observation  
Second fully privately built PSLV.
2025 (TBD)[63][250][253] India PSLV-XL India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India Cartosat-3B ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[254] India PSLV-XL India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India HRSAT 1A ISRO Low Earth Earth observation  
India HRSAT 1B ISRO Low Earth Earth observation  
India HRSAT 1C ISRO Low Earth Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[255] India PSLV India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India AHySIS-2 ISRO Low Earth Earth observation  
Follow-up to HySIS hyperspectral Earth imaging satellite.
2025 (TBD)[256][257] India PSLV-XL India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India DISHA-H ISRO Low Earth Aeronomy  
India DISHA-L ISRO Low Earth Aeronomy  
Disturbed and quite-type Ionosphere System at High Altitude (DISHA) satellite constellation with two satellites.
2025 (TBD)[258] Germany RFA One United Kingdom SaxaVord Germany RFA
Ukraine TBA[259] Lunar Research Service Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration  
 ▫  Germany ERMINAZ-1U[260] AMSAT-DL Low Earth (SSO) Amateur radio  
 ▫  Germany ERMINAZ-1V AMSAT-DL Low Earth (SSO) Amateur radio  
 ▫  Spain UNNE-1 (HADES-E) AMSAT-EA Low Earth (SSO) Amateur radio  
 ▫  Spain MARIA-G (HADES-F) AMSAT-EA Low Earth (SSO) Amateur radio  
 ▫  Greece QUBIK 5 Libre Space Foundation Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration  
 ▫  Greece SIDLOC-PQ-1 Libre Space Foundation Low Earth (SSO) Space situational awareness  
 ▫  Greece SIDLOC-PQ-2 Libre Space Foundation Low Earth (SSO) Space situational awareness  
Maiden flight of Rocket Factory Augsburg's RFA One. First orbital rocket launch from the United Kingdom.
2025 (TBD)[258][261] Germany RFA One United Kingdom SaxaVord Germany RFA
Germany Redshift RFA Low Earth (SSO) Space tug  
Poland PW-SAT3 Warsaw University of Technology Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration  
⚀ Spain 3Cat-8 UPC Low Earth (SSO) GNSS radio occultation  
⚀ Germany Flamingo Vyoma Low Earth (SSO) Space domain awareness  
⚀ Germany MOVE-BEYOND TUM Low Earth (SSO) Payload hosting  
⚀ Bulgaria Platform 9 EnduroSat Low Earth (SSO) Payload hosting  
⚀ Germany VIBES Pioneer Hochschule Bremen Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration  
Second RFA One test flight.
2025 (TBD)[262][263] Germany RFA One Norway Andøya Germany RFA
⚀ Spain E.T.PACK SENER Aeroespacial / UC3M Low Earth Electrodynamic tether demonstration  
2025 (TBD)[264] Germany RFA One Norway Andøya Germany RFA
Spain Germany Harmony 1 Plus Ultra Selenocentric Lunar communications  
First of eight satellites for Harmony, Plus Ultra's lunar communications and navigation constellation.
2025 (TBD)[265] Germany RFA One Norway Andøya Germany RFA
Germany SUPREME Neutron Star Systems Low Earth Technology demonstration  
2025 (TBD)[266] Germany RFA One Norway Andøya Germany RFA
Luxembourg TBA LuxSpace Low Earth TBA  
Dedicated launch contract for LuxSpace.
2025 (TBD)[266] Germany RFA One Norway Andøya Germany RFA
Europe TBA OHB Cosmos Low Earth TBA  
Dedicated launch contract for OHB Cosmos.
2025 (TBD)[267] Germany RFA One Norway Andøya Germany RFA
Sweden TBA OHB Sweden Low Earth TBA  
Dedicated launch contract for OHB Sweden.
2025 (TBD)[269] United States RS1 United Kingdom SaxaVord United States ABL
United States SL-OMV[270] Moog Low Earth (SSO) Space tug  
⚀ United States TBA Lockheed Martin Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration  
⚀ United States TBA Lockheed Martin Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration  
UK Pathfinder launch. The Moog Small Launch Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle (SL-OMV) can deploy up to six CubeSats.[268]
2025 (TBD)[271] United Kingdom Skyrora XL United Kingdom SaxaVord United Kingdom Skyrora
United Kingdom TBA Skyrora Low Earth Flight test  
First launch of Skyrora XL.
2025 (TBD)[272] Germany SL1 Sweden Esrange Germany HyImpulse
Italy ION Satellite Carrier D-Orbit Low Earth (SSO) CubeSat deployer  
2025 (TBD)[273] Russia Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Kondor-FKA-M №1[274] Roscosmos Low Earth Reconnaissance  
2025 (TBD)[275] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Kazakhstan Baikonur Russia Roscosmos
Russia Arktika-M №3[276] Roscosmos Molniya Meteorology  
2025 (TBD)[277] Russia Soyuz-2.1b Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Gonets-M Gonets Satellite System Low Earth Communications  
Russia Gonets-M Gonets Satellite System Low Earth Communications  
Russia Gonets-M Gonets Satellite System Low Earth Communications  
Russia BLITS-M2 × 2 Roscosmos Medium Earth Laser ranging  
Russia GLASS × 2 Roscosmos Medium Earth Laser ranging  
2025 (TBD)[157] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Meteor-M №2-6[278] Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology  
2025 (TBD)[279] Russia Soyuz-2.1b Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 31/6 Russia Roscosmos
Russia Resurs-P №5[280] Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)
[281] 		Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia TBA
Russia Marafon × 5 TBA Low Earth IoT  
2025 (TBD)[282][284] Russia Soyuz-2.1b Russia Baikonur or Vostochny[284] Russia Roscosmos
Russia Smotr-V (Smotr-1) Gazprom Space Systems Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Russia Smotr-R (Smotr-2) Gazprom Space Systems Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
First optical satellite of the Smotr Earth observation system.[282][283]
2025 (TBD)
[285] 		Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia TBA
Russia Berkut TBA Low Earth Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[286] Russia Soyuz-2 Russia TBA Russia Roscosmos
Russia SR NET №1 SR Space Low Earth (SSO) Communication  
2025 (TBD)[287][288] India SSLV S1 India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India TBA ISRO Low Earth TBA  
⚀ India PARIKSHIT[289] Manipal Institute of Technology Low Earth Earth observation  
First operational SSLV mission following three developmental flights.
2025 (TBD)[287][288] India SSLV S2 India Satish Dhawan India ISRO
India TBA ISRO Low Earth TBA  
India Azista60° Azista BST Aerospace Low Earth TBA  
2025 (TBD)[290] United States Starship United States TBA United States SpaceX
United States Starship HLS SpaceX TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander
Technology demonstration		  
Uncrewed Starship HLS lunar landing demonstration.
2025 (TBD)[291][292] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Italy CSG-3 ASI Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Third COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Generation satellite.
2025 (TBD)[293][294] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
France United Kingdom MicroCarb[295] CNES / UKSA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[296][297] Europe Vega-C[298] France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Italy Israel SHALOM ASI / ISA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)
[299] 		United States Vulcan Centaur VC6L United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States KuiperSat × ? Kuiper Systems Low Earth Communications  
Maiden flight of Vulcan Centaur VC6L Configuration. First of 38 Vulcan Centaur launches for Amazon's Project Kuiper. Mission Designated "Vulcan Kuiper Mission #1 (KV-01)"
2025 (TBD)[300] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States PTS-P Northrop Grumman Geosynchronous Technology demonstration  
On-orbit demonstration mission for the U.S. Space Force's Protected Tactical Satcom (PTS) program.
2025 (TBD)[96] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States USSF-16 U.S. Space Force TBA TBA  
2025 (TBD)[96] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States USSF-23 U.S. Space Force TBA TBA  
2025 (TBD)[96] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States USSF-43 U.S. Space Force TBA TBA  
2025 (TBD)[96][301] United States Vulcan Centaur United States Cape Canaveral SLC-41 United States ULA
United States WGS-11+ U.S. Space Force Geosynchronous Communications  
First WGS launch on Vulcan
2025 (TBD)[303] France Zephyr United Kingdom SaxaVord France Latitude
France Latitude Low Earth Flight test  
Maiden flight of Zephyr.[302]
2025 (TBD)[304] Japan Zero Japan Taiki Spaceport Japan Interstellar Technologies
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA  
Maiden flight of the Zero orbital launch vehicle.
2025 (TBD)[305] TBA TBA TBA
Argentina ARSAT SG-1 ARSAT Geosynchronous Communications  
2025 (TBD)[306] TBA TBA TBA
Israel Beresheet 2 orbiter SpaceIL / ISA Selenocentric Lunar orbiter  
Israel Beresheet 2 lander 1 SpaceIL / ISA Selenocentric to lunar surface Lunar lander  
Israel Beresheet 2 lander 2 SpaceIL / ISA Selenocentric to lunar surface Lunar lander  
2025 (TBD)[307][308] TBA TBA TBA
Taiwan Beyond 5G NSPO / ITRI Low Earth Communications  
2025 (TBD)[123][124] United States TBA United States Vandenberg United States TBA
United States Demonstration Experimentation System Tranche 1 × ? SDA Low Earth Technology demonstration  
One launch for the Space Development Agency's Demonstration Experimentation System Tranche 1 (Tranche 1 DES Mission).
2025 (TBD)[309][310] Russia TBA Kazakhstan Baikonur or Russia Vostochny Russia Roscosmos
Russia Ekspress-AMU5 RSCC Geosynchronous Communications  
2025 (TBD)[311] TBA TBA TBA
Japan ELSA-m Astroscale Low Earth Space debris removal
Technology demonstration		  
Aims to capture and de-orbit a defunct OneWeb satellite.
2025 (TBD)[313] TBA TBA TBA
Europe Israel LSAS lander OHB / IAI Selenocentric Lunar lander  
TBA TBA Geosynchronous Communications  
First mission under the Lunar Surface Access Service (LSAS) program, a joint initiative between OHB and IAI. Will rideshare alongside a commercial geostationary satellite.[312]
2025 (TBD)[314] TBA TBA TBA
Canada QEYSSat IQC / CSA Low Earth QKD technology demonstration  
H2 2025 (TBD)[315] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States SBN-1 × 6 Saturn Satellite Networks Geosynchronous Communications  
Space Broadband Networks-1 (SBN-1).
2025 (TBD)[316][317] TBA TBA TBA
South Korea SpaceEye-T Satrec Initiative Low Earth Earth observation  

Suborbital flights

[edit]
Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat) 		Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks
21 January[318] Canada Black Brant IX United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States AURORA (BADAS) Goddard Space Flight Center Suborbital  
Black and Diffuse Aurora Science Surveyor (BADAS).
21 January[318] Canada Black Brant IX United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States GIRAFF Goddard Space Flight Center Suborbital Auroral electrodynamics  
First of two launches for the Ground Imaging to Rocket investigation of Auroral Fast Features (GIRAFF) mission.
21 January[318] Canada Black Brant IX United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States GIRAFF Goddard Space Flight Center Suborbital Auroral electrodynamics  
Second of two launches for the GIRAFF mission.
January (TBD)[319] United States Improved Malemute Sweden Esrange TBA
Sweden ORIGIN[320] KTH Suborbital Nightglow observation  
First flight of the ORIGIN launch campaign.
January (TBD)[319] United States Improved Malemute Sweden Esrange TBA
Sweden ORIGIN[320] KTH Suborbital Nightglow observation  
Second flight of the ORIGIN launch campaign.
1 March[318] Canada Black Brant IX United States Wallops Flight Facility United States NASA
United States TOMEX-Plus The Aerospace Corporation Suborbital Aeronomy  
First of three launches for the Turbulent Oxygen Mixing Experiment Plus (TOMEX-Plus).[321]
1 March[318] United States Terrier-Improved Orion United States Wallops Flight Facility United States NASA
United States TOMEX-Plus The Aerospace Corporation Suborbital Aeronomy  
Second of three launches for TOMEX-Plus.
1 March[318] United States Terrier-Improved Orion United States Wallops Flight Facility United States NASA
United States TOMEX-Plus The Aerospace Corporation Suborbital Aeronomy  
Third of three launches for TOMEX-Plus.
24 March[318] United States Terrier-Improved Malemute United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States AWESOME University of Alaska Fairbanks Suborbital Auroral science  
First of three launches for the Auroral Waves Excited by Substorm Onset Magnetic Events (AWESOME) mission.
24 March[318] United States Terrier-Improved Malemute United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States AWESOME University of Alaska Fairbanks Suborbital Auroral science  
Second of three launches for the AWESOME mission.
24 March[318] Canada Black Brant XII-A United States Poker Flat Research Range United States NASA
United States AWESOME University of Alaska Fairbanks Suborbital Auroral science  
Third of three launches for the AWESOME mission.
March (TBD)[319] United States Improved Orion Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA / Sweden SNSA
Germany Sweden REXUS-33 DLR / SNSA Suborbital Education  
March (TBD)[319] United States Improved Orion Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA / Sweden SNSA
Germany Sweden REXUS-34 DLR / SNSA Suborbital Education  
March (TBD)[322][323] Brazil VS-50 V01 Brazil Alcântara Brazil IAE
Brazil IAE Suborbital Flight test  
Suborbital flight for the qualification of the S50 engine for the VLM-1 orbital launch vehicle.
Q1 (TBD)[324] United States HASTE United States MARS LC-2 United States Rocket Lab
Australia DART AE Hypersonix Suborbital Technology demonstration  
First of four contracted launches for Leidos.
13 June[318] United States Terrier-Improved Malemute Marshall Islands Reagan Test Site United States NASA
United States SEED ERAU Suborbital Sporadic E observations  
Sporadic E Electrodynamics (SEED). First of two launches.[325]
13 June[318] United States Terrier-Improved Malemute Marshall Islands Reagan Test Site United States NASA
United States SEED ERAU Suborbital Sporadic E observations  
Sporadic E Electrodynamics (SEED). Second of two launches.[325]
23 June[318] Canada Black Brant IX United States White Sands Missile Range United States NASA
United States VERIS-2 Naval Research Laboratory Suborbital Solar observation  
28 July[318] United States Terrier-Improved Malemute United States Wallops Flight Facility United States NASA
United States SubTEC-10 NASA Suborbital Technology demonstration  
September (TBD)[319] Germany Red Kite/Impr. Malemute Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany MAPHEUS-16 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research  
October (TBD)[319] Brazil VSB-30 S1X-5/M17 Sweden Esrange Sweden SSC
Sweden MASER-17 SSC Suborbital Microgravity research  
SubOrbital Express Microgravity flight opportunity 17.
October (TBD)[319] Brazil VSB-30 Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany Europe TEXUS-61 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity research  
13 November[318] Canada Black Brant XII-A Norway Andøya United States NASA
United States RENU 3 University of New Hampshire Suborbital Magnetospheric research  
Rocket Experiment for Neutral Upwelling (RENU) 3.
24 November[318] Canada Terrier-Improved Malemute Norway Andøya United States NASA
United States GHOST University of Colorado Suborbital Education  
Grand cHallenge MesOsphere Student rockeT (GHOST).
November (TBD)[319] Canada Black Brant V Sweden Esrange Sweden SSC
Sweden SYSTER[326] KTH Suborbital Thermospheric research  
Late 2025 (TBD)[327] Netherlands T-Minus DART Republic of Ireland location on the West coast of Ireland Republic of Ireland SUAS Aerospace
Republic of Ireland PATHFINDER SUAS Aerospace Suborbital  
Pathfinder is Ireland’s first commercial rocket launch.

Deep-space rendezvous

[edit]
Date (UTC) Spacecraft Event Remarks
9 January BepiColombo Sixth gravity assist at Mercury
1 March Europa Clipper Gravity assist at Mars
March Hera Gravity assist at Mars Will conduct observations of the Martian moon Deimos
20 April Lucy Flyby of asteroid 52246 Donaldjohanson Target altitude 922 km
31 August JUICE Gravity assist at Venus

Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

[edit]
Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks

Orbital launch statistics

[edit]

By country

[edit]

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Electron rockets launched from the Mahia Peninsula in New Zealand are counted under the United States because Electron is an American rocket. Launches from the Moon are not included in the statistics.

Country Launches Successes Failures Partial
failures 		Remarks

By rocket

[edit]

By family

[edit]
Family Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By type

[edit]
Rocket Country Family Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By configuration

[edit]
Rocket Country Type Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By spaceport

[edit]
Site Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By orbit

[edit]
Orbital regime Launches Achieved Not achieved Accidentally
achieved 		Remarks
Transatmospheric 0 0 0 0
Low Earth 0 0 0 0
Geosynchronous / transfer 0 0 0 0
Medium Earth 0 0 0 0
High Earth 0 0 0 0
Heliocentric orbit 0 0 0 0 Including planetary transfer orbits

Expected maiden flights

[edit]

Notes

[edit]

References

[edit]
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Generic references:

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