Anniealexandria

Anniealexandria; Temporal range: Early Eocene
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Family:	Bipedidae
Genus:	†Anniealexandria; Smith, 2009
Type species
	†Anniealexandria gansi; Smith, 2009

Anniealexandria is an extinct genus of amphisbaenian lizard known by the type species Anniealexandria gansi from the earliest Eocene of Wyoming. Anniealexandria is the only known member of the family Bipedidae in the fossil record, which otherwise only includes the extant genus Bipes from Mexico.^[1] It was named in 2009 in honor of Annie Montague Alexander, founder of the University of California Museum of Paleontology. Remains of Anniealexandria are known only from a single fossil locality in the Bighorn Basin called Castle Gardens, but within the locality its fossils are common in the Willwood Formation, usually consisting of isolated jaw bones and vertebrae. Anniealexandria seems to have been a common component of a paleofauna that included fifteen other lizard species and existed in western North America during a period of global warming in the latest Paleocene and earliest Eocene.^[2]

Below is a cladogram from Longrich et al. (2015) showing the phylogenetic relationships of Anniealexandria:^[1]

Amphisbaenia

Rhineuridae

†Chthonophidae

Chthonophis subterraneus

†Oligodontosaurus spp.

Amphisbaeniformes

Blanidae

	†Anniealexandria gansi

	Bipes spp.

Cadea blanoides

†Todrasaurus gheerbrandti

Afrobaenia

Trogonophis wiegmanni

	Diplometopon zarudnyi

	Agamodon anguliceps

Amphisbaenidae

References

^ ^a ^b Longrich, N. R.; Vinther, J.; Pyron, R. A.; Pisani, D.; Gauthier, J. A. (2015). "Biogeography of worm lizards (Amphisbaenia) driven by end-Cretaceous mass extinction". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 282 (1806): 20143034. doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.3034. PMC 4426617. PMID 25833855.
^ Smith, Krister T. (2009). "A new lizard assemblage from the earliest eocene (Zone Wa0) of the bighorn basin, wyoming, USA: Biogeography during the warmest interval of the cenozoic". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 7 (3): 299–358. Bibcode:2009JSPal...7..299S. doi:10.1017/S1477201909002752. S2CID 86158362.

[LVPPG15-1] Longrich, N. R.; Vinther, J.; Pyron, R. A.; Pisani, D.; Gauthier, J. A. (2015). "Biogeography of worm lizards (Amphisbaenia) driven by end-Cretaceous mass extinction". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 282 (1806): 20143034. doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.3034. PMC 4426617. PMID 25833855.

[SKT09-2] Smith, Krister T. (2009). "A new lizard assemblage from the earliest eocene (Zone Wa0) of the bighorn basin, wyoming, USA: Biogeography during the warmest interval of the cenozoic". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 7 (3): 299–358. Bibcode:2009JSPal...7..299S. doi:10.1017/S1477201909002752. S2CID 86158362.

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[2]