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The Chandila or Chandella are a clan found among the Gurjar people of India and Pakistan.[1][2][3][4]

Religion-wise they're mostly Hindus but a small pocket of Chandhelas is also found among the Muslim Gujjars. Variation of the clan name include Chandela, Chandella, Chandhela & Chandila .[5][6] It is also a small subclan of Laur group of Gujjars in eastern Rajasthan.[7][8]

Deities[edit]

They usually follow and worship the Karas Deva a folk deity of the Chandilla Gujjars. They honor 'Baba-Karas dev', a northern Indian who believed to born before the Mughal Empire in northern India.[9] Many areas in southern Rajasthan, northern Gujarat, and western Madhya Pradesh, where clans are numerous, are home to numerous temples dedicated to this diety (Baba-Karas-Deva). And Chandhella Gujjjars from other states visit a large temple of 'Karas-dev' every year in Rajasthan's Jalalpure village near to participate in the religuous rituals.[10][9]

Distribution[edit]

Some Chandilla Gujjars are found in pakistani-Punjab, Pakistani side Kashmir[2] and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa areas of Pakistan. But they are mostly located in Gujarat, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Indian-Punjab[4] Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan[4] and Dehli areas of north India. Chandela Gujjars have many villages in Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh but one of the most famous their village is in Gwalior city of Madhya Pradesh in central Indian states. but before British rule they were mostly settled in the Marwar region of Rajasthan.[2]

References[edit]

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ Rizvi, S. H. M.; Dutta, B. B. (1998). Muslims. B.R. Publishing Corporation. ISBN 978-81-7646-006-4. Gujjars:The most important of which are Batar, Haman, Khatana, Rathe, Bhatti, Chandela and Tomar.
  2. ^ a b c Warikoo, Kulbhushan; Som, Sujit (2000). Gujjars of Jammu and Kashmir. Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya. p. 8. Beams states on the authority of Dickson that a Chandela Branch of Gujars inhabits the Marwar country.
  3. ^ Sherring, M. (2023-03-24). Hindu Tribes and Castes. BoD – Books on Demand. p. 237. ISBN 978-3-382-14920-8.
  4. ^ a b c Rahi, Javaid (2012-01-01). The Gujjars Vol: 01 and 02 Edited by Dr. Javaid Rahi. Jammu and Kashmir Acacademy of Art, Culture , Languages , Jammu. p. 377. The Chandela Gujjars inhabit Rajasthan U.P. and Punjab. Rai is a famous town of Chandela Gurjars in Gwalior.
  5. ^ Singh, K. S. (1996). Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles. Anthropological Survey of India. p. 1319. ISBN 978-0-19-563357-3.
  6. ^ Sainik Samachar: The Pictorial Weekly of the Armed Forces. 1976. p. 111. Gujjar leader came to power and ruled Peshawar , Kabul A typical Gujjar and even Multan. Some of their sub-castes are, Chandel, Bhatti , Banja , Lodhe , Kasane , Bhensi , Chopra , Chauhan , Chechi , Khatapa.
  7. ^ Khari, Rahul (2007). Jats and Gujars: Origin, History and Culture. Reference Press. ISBN 978-81-8405-031-8. The gotras of Laur Gujars of eastern Rajasthan: Kumbar, Madi, Kasana, Sisanda, Chadri, Chechi, Chaur, Chandela, etc.
  8. ^ Koppers, Wilhelm; Jungblut, Leonard J. (1975). Bowmen of Mid-India: A Monography of the Bhils of Jhabua [M. P.] and Adjoining Territories. Elisabeth Stiglmayr. p. 19. Laur Gujjar group: Bagadwal, Chandela, Chaur, Dhakar, Kushana (Kasona), Katara, Mokar, Mutan, Tanwar, Madi, Kumbhar, Sisanda, Chechi.
  9. ^ a b Gupta, Dipankar (2004-11-08). Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?. SAGE Publications. p. 156. ISBN 978-81-321-0345-5.
  10. ^ Chaurasia, R. S. (2004). History of the Marathas. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 212. ISBN 978-81-269-0394-8.

Sources[edit]

  1. Sir James John, Digges La Touche (1875) Gazetteer of Ajmer-Merwara in Rajputána Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing. p.34
  2. Rajputana (Agency) (1879) The Rajputana Gazetteer: Volume 2 Office of the Superintendent of Government Print. p.41
  3. Asiatic Society of Bengal (1907) Journal & Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal: Volume 2 Asiatic Society. p.210
  4. Asiatic Society Kolkata (1886) Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal: Issue 1, Parts 1-3 Asiatic Society (Kolkata, India). p.142
  5. Sir Henry Miers Elliot (1869) Memoirs on the History, Folk-lore, and Distribution of the Races of the North Western Provinces of India: Being an Amplified Edition of the Original Supplemental Glossary of Indian Terms: Volume 1 Trübner & Company. p.76
  6. C. C. Watson (1904) Rajputana district gazetteers: Ajmer-Merwara. A.text. B.Statistical tables: Volume 1 Scottish Mission Industries. p.29
  7. Matthew A. Sherring (1881) Hindu Tribes and Castes: Together with Three Dissertations on the Natural History of Hindu Caste, the Unity of the Hindu Race and the Prospects of Indian Caste : and Including a General Index of the Three Volumes: Volume 3 Thacker. p.77
  8. Bombay (India : State) (1904) Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Volume 27Printed at the Government Central Press. p.79
  9. William Crooke (1896) The Tribes and Castes of the North-western Provinces and Oudh: Volume 2 Office of the superintendent of government printing. p.483
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