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Christopher Bouchat

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Christopher Eric Bouchat
Bouchat in 2023
Member of the Maryland House of Delegates
from the 5th district
Assumed office
January 11, 2023
Serving with Chris Tomlinson and April Rose
Preceded bySusan W. Krebs
Member of the Carroll County Board of Commissioners, District 4
In office
December 4, 2018 – December 5, 2022
Preceded byRichard S. Rothschild
Succeeded byMichael R. Guerin
Personal details
Born
Christopher Eric Bouchat

(1967-10-02) October 2, 1967 (age 57)
Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Spouse(s)
Carmelita Seda-Carothers
(div. 1997)

April Elizabeth Shook
(div. 2007)
Children2[1][note 1]
Residence(s)Woodbine, Maryland, U.S.
EducationCatonsville Community College
University of Maryland, Baltimore County
OccupationWelder
WebsiteCampaign website

Christopher Eric Bouchat (born October 2, 1967) is an American politician. He is a member of the Maryland House of Delegates for District 5, which encompasses Carroll County, Maryland. He was previously a member of the Carroll County Board of Commissioners from 2018 to 2022, representing District 4 in southwest Carroll County.[3]

Background

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Bouchat graduated from St. Augustine's Catholic School (now St. Augustine Elementary School) and Howard High School. He attended the Howard Vocational-Technical Center, where he earned a welding certificate, Catonsville Community College, where he earned a degree in business administration, and the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, where he earned a degree in political science. Bouchat worked as a welder with Patrick Aircraft Tank Systems in Columbia, Maryland,[4] before starting his own welding business in 1994.[3][5]

Political involvement

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Bouchat first became involved in politics in 1992, when he ran for the United States House of Representatives in Maryland's 3rd congressional district.[6] In 1994, he unsuccessfully ran for the Maryland Senate in District 12, receiving 37 percent of the vote in the Republican primary.[7]

From 2003 to 2004, Bouchat served on the Baltimore County Republican Central Committee.[3]

In 2006, Bouchat ran for the Carroll County Board of Commissioners, challenging the three incumbent Republican commissioners.[1] He once again ran for the Carroll County Board of Commissioners in 2010.[8]

In October 2013, Bouchat filed to run for the Maryland House of Delegates in District 9A, seeking to succeed outgoing state delegate Gail H. Bates.[9][10] Bouchat was the top vote-getter in the Carroll County part of the district, but lost the primary to Howard County Republicans Warren Miller and Trent Kittleman, both of whom went on to win the general election.[11]

Bouchat (far back) with other members of the Carroll County Board of Commissioners and Governor Larry Hogan, 2019

In 2018, Bouchat ran for the Carroll County Board of Commissioners in District 4, seeking to succeed outgoing county commissioner Richard Rothschild. He won the Republican primary in June, receiving 44.1 percent of the vote.[12] He defeated Democrat Paul Johnson in the general election, receiving 65.5 percent of the vote,[13] and was sworn in on December 4, 2018.[14] On July 26, 2019, Bouchat announced that he would not seek re-election to a second term in 2022.[15]

In March 2020, Bouchat expressed interest in running for the Maryland General Assembly.[16] In December, Bouchat filed to fill a vacancy in the Maryland House of Delegates that was left vacant by the resignation of state delegate Warren Miller.[17] His candidacy was endorsed by former state delegates Al Redmer Jr. and Donald E. Murphy.[18] On January 6, 2021, fellow candidate Reid Novotny was selected to fill the rest of Miller's term.[19] In 2022, Bouchat filed to run for the Maryland House of Delegates in District 9A, but was later redrawn into District 5.[20] Bouchat won the Republican primary on July 20, receiving 12.1 percent of the vote.[21] He ran unopposed in the general election.[22]

Redistricting lawsuits

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In 2012, Bouchat filed a lawsuit challenging the state's legislative redistricting plan, in which he pleaded to the Maryland Court of Appeals to establish a new legislative body that would have each county represented by two state senators and for the county's population to determine its number of state delegates, each belonging to a single-member district.[23] The Court of Appeals issued an order upholding the state's redistricting plan, denying Bouchat's arguments against it.[24] In January 2013, Bouchat appealed the case by filing a writ of certiorari to the Supreme Court of the United States.[25] The Supreme Court denied the petition on April 15.[26]

In early 2015, Bouchat filed a lawsuit in the Carroll County Circuit Court challenging the state's legislative redistricting plan, which was dismissed after the judge determined that the court did not have jurisdiction over the matter.[8] In August 2015, Bouchat again filed a lawsuit challenging the state's legislative redistricting plan, blaming the composition of District 9A for his loss in the 2014 elections.[11]

In the legislature

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Bouchat was sworn into the Maryland House of Delegates on January 11, 2023.[27] He is a member of the House Judiciary Committee.[28] Bouchat does not intend to run for re-election in 2026, instead expressing interest in a run for statewide office.[29][30]

In February 2023, Bouchat, a member of the Frederick County Delegation, said that he would not vote or make any motions during the delegation's weekly meetings. In an email to The Frederick News-Post, he said that delegation members who represent districts mostly in Washington or Carroll counties were in violation of a Maryland Supreme Court ruling if they voted in Frederick County Delegation meetings. Only 2.6 percent of District 5 residents, or about 3,500 people, live in Frederick County.[31] In 1995, an opinion from the Attorney General of Maryland stated that county delegations are "not subject to the 'one-person/one-vote' requirement" of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.[29]

In March 2023, Bouchat sent a letter to his House Republican colleagues in which he questioned their tactics during floor debates, asserting that they were being too performative during floor debates and urging them to "look inward for corrective measures that increase our future success rates". Later that week, six of the most vocal members of the House Republican Caucus released a letter criticizing Bouchat's comments, arguing that the party was able to reach its 50-seat minority in 2014 by speaking out against Democratic taxes and spending. Bouchat agreed that Republicans should contest Democrats in the 2026 legislative elections, but said "we need to stop annoying them" until then.[5]

Personal life

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Bouchat divorced his first wife, Carmelita Seda-Carothers, in 1997, defending himself in court during the divorce proceedings.[25] That same year, Bouchat was convicted of second-degree assault in a domestic abuse with Seda-Carothers. In July 2007, he divorced his second wife, April Elizabeth Shook, who claimed that Bouchat had physically and verbally assaulted her as they sought their divorce. Her abuse claims were thrown out by Judge Thomas Stansfield after no evidence proving the abuse could be produced. In September, Bouchat filed a lawsuit against Shook, charging her claim that he had physically abused her destroyed his campaign.[32]

In February 2014, the Internal Revenue Service placed a $42,526 tax lien on Bouchat, which was the result of embezzlement by his daughter, Tawni Bouchat, whom he had employed as a bookkeeper at his own business. The lien led him to initiate criminal charges against Tawni for stealing $21,120 from his company, which she was found guilty of in January 2015. In November 2018, after winning election to the Carroll County Board of Commissioners, Bouchat settled the tax lien by paying $13,000 to the IRS.[33]

Tawni Bouchat died of a fentanyl overdose in 2017, which he says "threw me into a depression, it threw me into alcoholism, so I always advise people out there when you've suffered a loss of someone very close you are extremely vulnerable to become an addict yourself."[2]

Political positions

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COVID-19 pandemic

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In April 2020, Bouchat voted against closing the Northern Landfill in Westminster, Maryland for 15 days to reduce risk of spreading COVID-19.[34] Later that month, he voted to reopen the landfill early with reduced hours and restrictions preventing residents outside the county from using it.[35]

In June 2020, Bouchat attended and spoke at a Reopen Maryland rally in Westminster to protest the state's COVID-19 restrictions.[36] At the rally, he suggested allowing businesses to set their own policies on when people need to wear masks.[37] In July 2020, he wrote an op-ed for the Carroll County Times that questioned the value of wearing masks in public.[38] His remarks on the COVID-19 pandemic were criticized by Robert Wack, the deputy health officer for the Carroll County Health Department, who wrote in a letter to the Carroll County Times later that month that Bouchat's "dangerously ignorant opinions are a direct threat to the health and well-being of the county".[39]

In August 2021, Bouchat suggested that the Board of Commissioners boycott the annual Maryland Association of Counties Summer Conference over its masking recommendations, saying that he had cancelled his attendance to the event after learning about the policy.[40] He later told Maryland Matters that he did not oppose masks or vaccines, but opposed mandates.[41] In December 2021, Bouchat was the only commissioner to vote against instituting a modified mask policy at Carroll County government facilities, which required unvaccinated county government employees to wear a mask while indoors.[42] In February 2022, Bouchat declined to attend the State of the County address at the Carroll Arts Center, which was attended by all other county commissioners, because of its indoor mask-wearing requirement. He instead opted to protest outside the building by handing out copies of a written speech to those walking in.[43]

Government

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In July 2019, Bouchat introduced a bill that would place a question on the 2020 ballot that, if approved, would change Carroll County's form of government from a commission to a charter.[44] After the Board of Commissioners voted to hold off on discussions on converting to a charter government, Bouchat announced that he would not seek re-election to a second term as county commissioner in 2022.[15] In November 2020, Bouchat voted to pass a resolution that would establish a nine-member committee to write a charter; the resolution failed to pass in a 2-3 vote.[45]

In January 2021, Bouchat recused himself as a non-voting member of the county's Planning and Zoning Commission, and soon after filed motions to eliminate the non-voting positions from the county's Board of Education and Planning and Zoning Commission.[46] Both motions failed to gain a second and were not voted upon.[47]

Redistricting

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In September 2022, Bouchat said he supported a constitutional amendment to the Constitution of Maryland establishing a 188-member redistricting commission to draw Maryland's congressional and legislative maps, with each of its members elected proportionally to a county's population and in non-partisan elections.[48]

Social issues

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In June 2020, Bouchat joined a Black Lives Matter protest in Westminster.[49] Later that month, he proposed creating a heritage commission to recognize the history and achievements of African Americans in Carroll County.[50]

In February 2022, Bouchat distributed copies of a printed speech at the annual State of the County address, in which he wrote that he believed that the board of commissioners would benefit from not being made up of "old Caucasian males," calling on women to "step up and take control of our local government".[43]

State and national politics

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In 2016, Bouchat ran as an unaffiliated candidate to the Republican National Convention in Maryland's 8th congressional district. He said that he would vote for Donald Trump on the first ballot if the voters sent him to the Convention, and hoped that Trump would pick John Kasich as his running mate.[51]

In January 2021, Bouchat condemned the January 6 United States Capitol attack and compared the presidential transition to what happens with the Board of Commissioners:[52]

I just ask people to step back, take a deep breath and allow things to unfold and allow the transition of power to take place. Even though I did not vote for the president-elect, he is our president and everyone must respect that, just as my colleagues are setting the example now. We transitioned from President Wantz to President Rothstein. That is a wonderful thing.

In 2022, Bouchat endorsed former Maryland Secretary of Commerce Kelly Schulz for governor.[53]

Taxes

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In March 2023, Bouchat voted against an amendment that would remove a provision that indexed the state's gas tax to the consumer price index. The amendment failed by a 38-90 vote, with Bouchat being the only House Republican to vote against it.[5]

Electoral history

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Maryland's 3rd congressional district Republican primary election, 1992[54]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican William T. S. Bricker 3,667 24.2
Republican Mark Kevin White 3,307 21.9
Republican Christopher Eric Bouchat 2,659 17.6
Republican Fredric M. Parker 1,885 12.5
Republican Wyatt A. Rogers 1,714 11.3
Republican Joseph M. Werner Jr. 1,013 6.7
Republican Edward Lerp 890 5.9
Maryland Senate District 12 Republican primary election, 1994[55]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David P. Maier 3,021 63.3
Republican Christopher Eric Bouchat 1,748 36.7
Carroll County Commissioner Republican primary election, 2006[56]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Julia Walsh Gouge 7,100 17.1
Republican Dean L. Minnich 6,300 15.1
Republican Michael D. Zimmer 6,053 14.5
Republican Perry L. Jones, Jr. 5,703 13.7
Republican Mary Kowalski 4,344 10.4
Republican Douglas Eugene Myers 3,532 8.5
Republican Douglas Howard 3,138 7.5
Republican David Greenwalt 2,802 6.7
Republican Christopher Eric Bouchat 2,205 5.3
Republican Wade Emory Miracle 439 1.1
Carroll County Commissioner District 4 Republican primary election, 2010[57]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Richard S. Rothschild 1,391 36.5
Republican Perry Leroy Jones, Jr. 795 20.9
Republican Christopher Eric Bouchat 763 20.0
Republican David Jones 711 18.7
Republican Hank Martin 150 3.9
Maryland House of Delegates District 9A Republican primary election, 2014[58]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Warren E. Miller 3,354 29.2
Republican Trent Kittleman 2,574 22.4
Republican Frank Mirabile 2,509 21.8
Republican Kyle Lorton 1,620 14.1
Republican Christopher Eric Bouchat 1,426 12.4
Carroll County Commissioner District 4 Republican primary election, 2018[59]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Christopher Eric Bouchat 1,155 44.1
Republican W. Paul Burkett 897 34.3
Republican Bret D. Grossnickle 422 16.1
Republican Sean Shaffer 143 5.5
Carroll County Commissioner District 4 election, 2018[60]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Christopher Eric Bouchat 9,981 65.5
Democratic Paul Johnson 5,221 34.3
Write-in 28 0.2
Maryland House of Delegates District 5 Republican primary election, 2022[61]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican April Rose 8,636 22.6
Republican Chris Tomlinson 6,847 17.9
Republican Christopher Eric Bouchat 4,620 12.1
Republican Sallie B. Taylor 4,470 11.7
Republican Stephen A. Wantz 4,373 11.4
Republican Dennis E. Frazier 3,563 9.3
Republican Scott Willens 3,765 9.8
Republican Scott Jendrek 1,993 5.2
Maryland House of Delegates District 5 election, 2022[62]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican April Rose 33,971 33.11
Republican Christopher Bouchat 33,286 32.44
Republican Chris Tomlinson 32,485 31.66
Write-in 2,872 2.80

Notes and references

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Notes

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  1. ^ One child is deceased.[2]

References

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  1. ^ a b McCandlish, Laura (September 3, 2006). "10 candidates face off for GOP primary". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  2. ^ a b Spence, Molly Fellin (August 28, 2022). "'Forever affected by these losses': Carroll County set to observe overdose awareness day". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c "Christopher E. Bouchat, Board of County Commissioners, Carroll County, Maryland". Maryland Manual On-Line. Maryland State Archives. December 28, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2023.
  4. ^ "PLANNING TO BE A WELDER?". The Washington Post. November 22, 1990. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  5. ^ a b c Kurtz, Josh (March 14, 2023). "Freshman House Republican riles colleagues with suggestion they're wasting their breath". Maryland Matters. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  6. ^ "1992 candidates for U.S. Senate and Congress in Maryland". The Baltimore Sun. December 24, 1991. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  7. ^ "PRIMARY ELECTION RESULTS 1994". The Baltimore Sun. September 14, 1994. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  8. ^ a b Norris, Heather (January 2, 2016). "Supreme Court ruling boosts Woodbine man's challenge on Md. redistricting". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  9. ^ Lazarick, Len (October 1, 2013). "Md. General Assembly races: October update on candidates". MarylandReproter.com. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  10. ^ Alexandersen, Christian (February 26, 2014). "Candidate list for the 2014 election". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  11. ^ a b Norris, Heather (July 12, 2016). "Local man defends challenge to legislative districts in U.S. District Court". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  12. ^ Kelvey, Jon (June 27, 2018). "Turnout light, incumbents strong in Carroll's primary". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  13. ^ Turiano, Jennifer (November 6, 2018). "Frazier, Bouchat win contested Carroll County Board of Commissioners races; will join Wantz, Weaver, Rothstein". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  14. ^ Wood, Pamela (December 3, 2018). "From Towson to Annapolis to Columbia to Bel Air, new leaders taking office Monday". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  15. ^ a b Brennan, Leah (July 26, 2019). "Commissioner Bouchat won't run for re-election, he says day after charter government discussion delayed". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  16. ^ Righter, Catalina (March 15, 2020). "Carroll County commissioner considering a run for Maryland's General Assembly". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  17. ^ Stoetzer, Pat (December 31, 2020). "Carroll County Commissioner Eric Bouchat in mix for vacant state delegate position". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  18. ^ Stoetzer, Pat (January 5, 2021). "Carroll, Howard committees working to fill state delegate vacancy; County Commissioner Eric Bouchat in running". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  19. ^ Faguy, Ana (January 8, 2021). "Reid Novotny selected for vacant District 9A delegate seat, pending approval from Maryland Gov. Larry Hogan". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  20. ^ Bohnel, Steve (April 16, 2022). "After filing deadline drama, here's who's running in Montgomery County political races". Bethesda Magazine. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  21. ^ Sanderson, Michael (July 20, 2022). "Carroll Delegate Race May Promote County Commissioner Bouchat". Maryland Association of Counties. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  22. ^ Roberts, Angela (September 5, 2022). "District 5 delegate candidate Bouchat focused on ending gerrymandering". The Frederick News-Post. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  23. ^ Siegel, Andrea (November 7, 2012). "General Assembly redistricting challenges argued at top court". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  24. ^ Lash, Steve (December 11, 2013). "Top court explains ruling on state redistricting plan". The Daily Record. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  25. ^ a b Alexandersen, Christian (January 13, 2013). "Carroll man petitions U.S. Supreme Court to hear arguments on redistricting". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  26. ^ "Christopher Eric Bouchat, Petitioner v. Maryland". supremecourt.gov. Supreme Court of the United States. January 22, 2013. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  27. ^ "Christopher Eric Bouchat, Maryland State Delegate". Maryland Manual On-Line. Maryland State Archives. February 16, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2023.
  28. ^ Gaines, Danielle E. (January 5, 2023). "Jones announces new Democratic caucus, committee leaders for 2023 General Assembly session". Maryland Matters. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
  29. ^ a b Hogan, Jack (March 6, 2023). "Lawmakers push for Frederick County delegation to change how it votes". Frederick News-Post. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  30. ^ Greenfield, Sherry (September 4, 2024). "Del. Eric Bouchat, a Carroll Republican, says frustration has led him to not seek another term". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved September 4, 2024.
  31. ^ Hogan, Jack (February 3, 2023). "Lawmaker says Frederick County delegation votes were illegal". Frederick News-Post. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  32. ^ Silvestri, Mike (September 10, 2007). "Former candidate sues ex-wife over campaign". Washington Examiner. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  33. ^ Turiano, Jennifer (December 3, 2018). "Commissioner-elect Bouchat settles tax lien, prepares to tackle Carroll's opioid epidemic". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  34. ^ Keller, Mary Grace (April 9, 2020). "Westminster landfill closed to residential self-haulers for 15 days to reduce coronavirus risk". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  35. ^ Keller, Mary Grace (April 16, 2020). "Northern Landfill in Westminster to reopen to residents early, with some restrictions". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  36. ^ Stoetzer, Pat (June 6, 2020). "Carroll County Freedom Rally holds peaceful, passionate protest in Westminster". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  37. ^ Keller, Mary Grace; Stoetzer, Pat (June 5, 2020). "'Reopen' rally planned in Carroll County to protest remaining coronavirus-related restrictions in Maryland". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  38. ^ Compere, Brian (July 16, 2020). "Carroll County leaders launch campaign promoting masks to prevent COVID-19 spread; 8 new cases confirmed". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  39. ^ Greenfield, Sherry (November 25, 2022). "Bouchat, Frazier, Wantz, and Weaver finish terms as Carroll County commissioners and say they're honored to have served". The Baltimore Sun. Carroll County Times. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
  40. ^ Bateman, Madison (August 5, 2021). "Bouchat suggests Carroll commissioners boycott Maryland counties conference over masking guidelines". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  41. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (August 12, 2021). "Local Officials Hit MACo to Burnish Policy Chops, But Politics Over Masks Are Crashing the Party". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  42. ^ Bateman, Madison (December 30, 2021). "Carroll commissioners encourage vaccinations, vote to require masks in government buildings". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  43. ^ a b Bateman, Madison (February 22, 2022). "COVID-19 relief funding, farmland preservation top 'State of the County' address in Westminster". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  44. ^ Keller, Mary Grace (July 25, 2019). "Carroll County commissioners put charter government discussion on hold, leaving issue off 2020 ballot". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  45. ^ Blackwell, Penelope (November 6, 2020). "Carroll County commissioners vote down motion to create charter writing committee". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  46. ^ Stoetzer, Pat (January 20, 2021). "Carroll County Commissioner Eric Bouchat bows out as ex-officio member of Planning and Zoning Commission". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  47. ^ Stoetzer, Pat (January 21, 2021). "Carroll County Commissioner Eric Bouchat's motions seeking to eliminate school board, planning commission roles fail". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  48. ^ Roberts, Angela (September 5, 2022). "District 5 delegate candidate Bouchat focused on ending gerrymandering". The Frederick News-Post. Retrieved April 9, 2023.
  49. ^ Kyles, Akira (June 8, 2020). "Black Lives Matter protests continuing in Westminster". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  50. ^ Keller, Mary Grace (June 19, 2020). "To promote black heritage and combat 'unacceptable' racism, Carroll County moves to create diversity commission". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  51. ^ Norris, Heather (April 23, 2016). "Carroll GOP delegate candidates discuss plans for possible contested convention". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  52. ^ Blubaugh, Bob (January 7, 2021). "Amid their own 'peaceful transition of power,' Carroll County commissioners denounce attack on Capitol". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  53. ^ "Endorsements in the Race for Maryland Governor". Maryland Matters. January 31, 2022. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  54. ^ "1992 Presidential Primary Election Results". Maryland State Board of Elections. February 16, 2001.
  55. ^ "1994 Gubernatorial Primary Election Results". Maryland State Board of Elections. February 6, 2001.
  56. ^ "Official 2006 Gubernatorial Primary Election results for Carroll County". Carroll County Board of Elections. Maryland State Archives. March 14, 2022.
  57. ^ "Official 2010 Gubernatorial Primary Election results for Carroll County". Maryland State Board of Elections.
  58. ^ "Official 2014 Gubernatorial Primary Election results for House of Delegates". Maryland State Board of Elections. July 16, 2014.
  59. ^ "Official 2018 Gubernatorial Primary Election results for Carroll County". Maryland State Board of Elections. July 31, 2018.
  60. ^ "Official 2018 Gubernatorial General Election results for Carroll County". Maryland State Board of Elections. December 11, 2018.
  61. ^ "Official 2022 Gubernatorial Primary Election results for House of Delegates". Maryland State Board of Elections. August 24, 2022.
  62. ^ "Official 2022 Gubernatorial General Election Results for House of Delegates". Maryland State Board of Elections. December 7, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2023.
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