Emir Lümanov
Emir Lümanov | |
|---|---|
| Native name | Emir Lüman oğlu Lümanov |
| Born | 1911 Aqtaçı, Taurida Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Died | 5 September 1941 Yelnya, Yelninsky District, Smolensk Oblast, RSFSR, USSR |
| Allegiance |  Soviet Union |
| Service | Red Army |
| Rank | Senior lieutenant |
| Unit | 586th Rifle Regiment |
| Battles / wars | |
| Awards | Order of Lenin |
Emir Lümanovich Lümanov (Crimean Tatar: Emir Lüman oğlu Lümanov, Russian: Эмир Люманович Люманов; 1911 – 5 September 1941) was an officer in the Red Army during World War II. After he was killed in battle against numerically superior German forces he was nominated for the title Hero of the Soviet Union, making him the first Crimean Tatar nominated for the title,[1] but he was only awarded the Order of Lenin.
Biography
[edit]
Lümanov was born in 1911 to a Crimean Tatar family in Aqtaçı (later renamed Furmanovka), and was the oldest child in his family.[2] He became a member of the Communist Party in 1932 before joining the Red Army in either 1930 or 1933.[3][a] At the time of the German invasion of the Soviet Union, he was a battalion commander in the 586th Rifle Regiment, commanded by Hero of the Soviet Union Ivan Nekrasov of the 5th Guards Rifle Division.[3]
Since he spoke German, he went on a mission on 20 July 1941 where he dressed up in a Nazi military uniform pretending to be a Nazi commanding officer checking on a unit, only to then take the company has prisoners of war and thereby stop the enemy's advance.[5][6]
The battles for Yelnya in August 1941 were extremely intense: on 11 August, he received orders to lead his battalion in advancing further into Yelnya to expel Nazi forces from the western slopes in the area.[7] In one day of the battle, his battalion killed 200 Nazis.[8] After receiving orders to advance further east, they went on to capture two tanks and four anti-tank guns from the Nazis. By 31 August, his battalion was running very low on ammunition and ran out of food, yet he continued to lead them in battle, at which point they were fighting off numerically superior forces. In four days they managed to break out of the encirclement, but Lümanov died in the heat of battle on 5 September 1941.[8][9] He was posthumously nominated for the title Hero of the Soviet Union on 3 March 1942, but was awarded just the Order of Lenin instead.[10] His feats and the feats of his battalion were covered by many Soviet newspapers including Pravda, Izvestiya, and Krasnaya Zvezda.[6]
Footnotes
[edit]- ^ Most sources report that he entered the Red Army in 1930,[3] but his award nomination for the title Hero of the Soviet Union indicated that he entered the military in 1933.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ Kurtseitov 215, p. 109.
- ^ Veliyev 2007, p. 14.
- ^ a b c Veliyev 2017, p. 311.
- ^ Award list on the site «pamyat-naroda.ru» (archive materials of TsAMO, ф. 33, оп. 682524, д. 310)
- ^ Nedolsina & Khamidullin 2015, p. 211.
- ^ a b Voennyy 2012.
- ^ Belyavsky 1941, p. 2.
- ^ a b Veliyev 2017, p. 312.
- ^ Lubyagov 2005, p. 436.
- ^ Kurtseitov 2018, p. 182.
Bibliography
[edit]- Belyavsky, Pyotr (28 August 1941). "Наступление" [Offensive] (PDF). Izvestiya (in Russian). p. 2.
- Emin, Seitumer (2001). Хатыра Китабы [Book of Remembrance] (in Crimean Tatar). Simferopol: Къырым девлет окъув-педагогика нешрияты. p. 39.
- Ivanovich, T.V. (28 December 1974). "Комбат Люманов". Ленин байрагъы (in Crimean Tatar). p. 4.
- Kurtseitov, Refik (2015). "Крымские татары во Второй мировой войне и после. Герои Советского Союза – награжденные и отвергнутые. Борьба за человеческое достоинство" [Crimean Tatars in World War II and After. Heroes of the Soviet Union – Awarded and Rejected. The Struggle for Human Dignity] (PDF). Crimean Historical Review (in Russian) (2).
- Kurtseitov, Refik (2018). "Крымские татары — Герои Советского Союза: хронология представлений, награждений и замены высшей награды орденами СССР" [Crimean Tatars - Heroes of the Soviet Union: chronology of presentations, awards and replacement of the highest award with orders of the USSR]. Вопросы крымскотатарской филологии, истории и культуры (in Russian) (5): 180–196.
- Lubyagov, Mikhail (2005). Под Ельней в сорок первом (in Russian). Rusich.
- Nebolsina, Margarita; Khamidullin, Bulat (2015). Война…Судьбы…Память…Песни… [War...Destiny...Memory... Songs...] (in Russian). Kazan: Idel-Press. p. 211. ISBN 9785852477965. OCLC 949268869.
- Veliyev, Ablyaziz (2007). Къараманлар ольмейлер: Къырымтатарлар Экинджи Дюнья дженкинде [Heroes do not die: Crimean Tatars in the Second World War] (in Crimean Tatar). Къырым девлет окъув-педагогика нешрияты.
- Veliyev, Ablyaziz (2017). Боевые офицеры: Крымские татары в Великой Отечественной войне. Том 2 [Military officers: Crimean Tatars in the Great Patriotic War. Volume 2]. Simferopol: ГАУ РК «Медиацентр им. И. Гаспринского». pp. 311–314. ISBN 978-5-906959-06-5. OCLC 1019651855.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - Voennyy, Ibraim (3 February 2012). "Герой Ельни Эмир Люманов" [Hero of Yelnya Emir Lyumanov]. Голос Крыма (in Russian).