Enfield Automotive
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Enfield Automotive was an electric car manufacturer founded in the United Kingdom in the 1960s. Under the ownership of Greek millionaire Giannis Goulandris, production was moved to the Greek isle of Syros during the oil crisis of 1973, although the vehicles were, according to one report, not up to the expected quality and production was moved back to the Isle of Wight while other that were part built in Syros were sent back to be assembled on the Isle of Wight.[clarify][1] According to other reports, the cars were built on Syros and sent to Britain for installation of the batteries.[2][3]
Models
[edit]Enfield 465
[edit]
The Enfield 465 was a small 2+2-seater electric car built only in prototype form in 1969. It was equipped with a 48 V, 4.65 bhp (3 kW) electric motor and had an ICI royal plastic body with no metal chassis. It is believed that only three were built but only two remain as one failed the crash testing. The rear axle came from a Bond Bug with the motor parallel to it.[4][5]
Enfield 8000
[edit]
The Enfield 8000 (also known the E8000 ECC or "Electric City Car") was similar to the 465, but with an 8 bhp (6 kW) motor and aluminium body. 120 Enfield 8000s were built initially on the Isle of Wight and subsequently in Syros [3] in the mid-1970s, of which 65 were used by the Electricity Council and southern English electricity boards.[6]
The E8000ECC had passed all the necessary tests for production in the United Kingdom and was on its way to be produced in the United States of America. Then Governor of California Ronald Reagan sent a cargo plane to have three E8000ECCs moved to California in support of his Clean Air legislation.[citation needed] However, the E8000ECC was never produced in the United States. The unique aerodynamics of the E8000ECC were not based on traditional industry principles and ideas. They were loosely based on designs made by Konstantine Adraktas, the Chairman and Managing Technical Director of Enfield. Most of the electrical systems were designed and built by Dr Peter Botterill. Production of the car was eventually moved to Greece after the company was incorporated into Neorion (also owned by Mr. Goulandris) and renamed Enfield-Neorion. However, soon the whole project was scrapped.
Enfield Runabout and Bicini.
The Runabout Model and the Bicini were produced in very small numbers on the Isle of Wight and in Syros, respectively, and used much of the same running gear as the Enfield 8000.
Enfield 4x4 Vehicles
These vehicles were only prototypes. They were large engine petrol engine vehicles referred to as 'Safari Cars' There was the Enfield Safari (produced on the Isle of Wight), and the Neorion Chicago (produced on the island of Syros; two were built, one Blue and one Red). There was also the Enfield Safari Estate (very much based on the Land Rover Series 3) and one other Safari car was partly built but not finished. this was based on a SWB Land Rover Style it is assumed this was scrapped when the factory in Somerton Isle of Wight closed) The other cars have all survived and are in private collections.
Key Characteristics
[edit]- It had an aluminum body to guard against corrosion.[5]
- It was available in a "Bicini" version which had a body composed of simple flat panels and was never crash tested.
- A leather interior was available.
- Early models no gear lever, reverse was entered with the use of switch.
- It was based on widely available components and parts for easy maintenance and worldwide replacement part availability.
- It had an on-board charger (which recharged batteries fully while freewheeling downhill in the Alps.)[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Prest, David (28 November 2013). "The Enfield Thunderbolt: An electric car before its time". BBC Radio 4. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
- ^ "Άλλο ένα Enfield 8000 γύρισε πίσω στην Ελλάδα (one more Enfield 8000 returns to Greece)". Syros Agenda. 20 April 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2017.
- ^ a b Stavropoulos, Michalis (2014). "Ανάμεσα σε δύο νησιά (A Tale of Two Isles) Documentary about the Enfield Electric Car".
- ^ "Enfield". Auta 5P (in Czech). Retrieved 31 May 2011.
- ^ a b "Overview of Enfield Automotive". Retrieved 6 August 2007.
- ^ Buckley, Martin (4 April 2006). "Enfield Electric Car". The Independent. Archived from the original on 29 May 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2011.