First Cabinet of Napoleon I

Ministers of Napoleon
Ministers of Napoleon
Cabinet of the First French Empire
	Napoleon I
Date formed	18 May 1804
Date dissolved	1 April 1814
People and organisations
Head of state	Napoleon
Head of government	Napoleon
History
Predecessor	Cabinet of the French Consulate
Successor	Provisional Government of 1814

The First Cabinet of Napoleon I was appointed by the Emperor Napoleon I upon the establishment of the First French Empire on 18 May 1804, replacing the Cabinet of the Consulate. It was succeeded by the French Provisional Government of 1814 following the downfall of Napoleon and the abolition of the Empire.

Formation

At the session of the Tribunat on 3 Floréal year XII (23 April 1804) Jean-François Curée proposed that Napoleon, then First Consul, be declared hereditary Emperor of France.^[1] The motion was supported by several members of the Tribunat, with only Lazare Carnot speaking against it.^[2] At a session of the Senate on 28 Floréal year XII (18 May 1804) attended by Consul Charles-François Lebrun and all the ministers a motion was adopted in which Napoleon was declared hereditary Emperor of the French.^[1] The formal coronation ceremony was delayed until 11 Frimaire year XIII (2 December 1804), when Pope Pius VII attended and Napoleon crowned himself in the Notre Dame de Paris.^[3]

Ministers

Napoleon retained the ministers from the Consulate, but made various changes during his reign. He did not appoint a prime minister, but headed the government himself.^[3] The ministers were:

Ministry	From	To	Minister
Secretary of State	18 May 1804	17 April 1811	Hugues-Bernard Maret, duc de Bassano
	17 April 1811	20 November 1813	Pierre Daru^[3]
	20 November 1813	1 April 1814	Hugues-Bernard Maret, duc de Bassano^[3]
Foreign Affairs	18 May 1804	9 August 1807	Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
	9 August 1807	17 April 1811	Jean-Baptiste de Nompère de Champagny^[3]
	17 April 1811	20 November 1813	Hugues-Bernard Maret, duc de Bassano^[3]
	20 November 1813	1 April 1814	Armand Augustin Louis de Caulaincourt^[3]
Interior	18 May 1804	8 August 1804	Jean-Antoine Chaptal
	8 August 1804	9 August 1807	Jean-Baptiste de Nompère de Champagny^[3]
	9 August 1807	29 June 1809	Emmanuel Crétet^[3]
	29 June 1809	1 October 1809	Joseph Fouché (?)
	1 October 1809	1 April 1814	Jean-Pierre de Montalivet^[3]
Justice	18 May 1804	13 June 1813	Claude Ambroise Régnier
Justice	20 November 1813	1 April 1814	Mathieu Molé^[3]
War	18 May 1804	9 August 1807	Louis-Alexandre Berthier
	9 August 1807	20 November 1813	Henri Jacques Guillaume Clarke^[3]
	20 November 1813	1 April 1814	Pierre Daru^[3]
War Administration	18 May 1804	3 January 1810	Jean François Aimé Dejean
	3 January 1810	20 November 1813	Jean-Girard Lacuée^[3]
	20 November 1813	1 April 1814	Pierre Daru^[3]
Finance	18 May 1804	1 April 1814	Martin Michel Charles Gaudin
Treasury	18 May 1804	27 January 1806	François Barbé-Marbois
Treasury	27 January 1806	1 April 1814	Nicolas François, Count Mollien^[3]
Navy and Colonies	18 May 1804	1 April 1814	Denis Decrès
Police	10 July 1804	3 June 1810	Joseph Fouché^[3]
Police	3 June 1810	1 April 1814	Anne Jean Marie René Savary^[3]
Religious Affairs	10 July 1804	4 January 1808	Jean-Étienne-Marie Portalis^[3]
Religious Affairs	4 January 1808	1 April 1814	Félix-Julien-Jean Bigot de Préameneu^[3]
Manufacturing and Commerce	16 January 1812	1 April 1814	Jean-Baptiste Collin de Sussy^[3]

Replacement

In March 1814 the allied armies invaded France, and arrived at the walls of Paris on 29 March 1814. After a short struggle on 30 March 1814 against overwhelmingly superior forces, on 31 March 1814 Marshal Auguste de Marmont signed the capitulation of Paris.^[4] A provisional government was formed on 1 April 1814 under the presidency of Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord.^[4]

References

Citations

^ ^a ^b Muel 1891, p. 67.
^ Muel 1891, p. 68.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u Muel 1891, p. 73.
^ ^a ^b Muel 1891, p. 75.

Sources

Muel, Léon (1891). Gouvernements, ministères et constitutions de la France depuis cent ans: Précis historique des révolutions, des crises ministérielles et gouvernementales, et des changements de constitutions de la France depuis 1789 jusqu'en 1890 ... Marchal et Billard. Retrieved 2014-04-22.

[FOOTNOTEMuel189167-1] Muel 1891, p. 67.

[FOOTNOTEMuel189168-2] Muel 1891, p. 68.

[FOOTNOTEMuel189173-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u Muel 1891, p. 73.

[FOOTNOTEMuel189175-4] Muel 1891, p. 75.

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v t e Governments of France (1792–1870)
First Republic (1792–1804)	National Convention Committee of Public Safety French Directory French Consulate Paris Commune
First Empire (1804–14)	Napoleon Provisional Government of 1814 First restoration Hundred Days Provisional Government of 1815
Restoration (1814–30)	Talleyrand Richelieu (1) Dessolles Decazes Richelieu (2) Villèle Martignac Polignac Mortemart
July Monarchy (1830–48)	Paris Municipal Commission Provisional Ministry First ministry of Louis-Philippe Laffitte Casimir Perier Soult (1) Gérard Maret Mortier de Broglie Thiers (1) Molé (1) Molé (2) Transitional cabinet of 1839 Soult (2) Thiers (2) Soult (3) Guizot
Second Republic (1848–52)	Provisional Government Executive Commission Cavaignac Barrot (1) Barrot (2) Hautpoul Petit ministère Faucher Last cabinet of the French Second Republic Louis Napoleon (1) Louis Napoleon (2)
Second Empire (1852–70)	Third cabinet of Napoleon III Fourth cabinet of Napoleon III Ollivier Cousin-Montauban