George William Smith (politician)

George William Smith
George William Smith
17th Governor of Virginia
	In office; April 3, 1811 – December 26, 1811
Preceded by	James Monroe
Succeeded by	Peyton Randolph (acting)
Member of the Virginia Council of State
	In office; December 15, 1807 – December 26, 1811
Member of the Virginia House of Delegates from Richmond City
	In office; December 7, 1801 – December 6, 1802
Preceded by	Charles Copland
Succeeded by	John Adams
Member of the Virginia House of Delegates from Essex County
	In office; October 18, 1790 – November 11, 1794
Preceded by	Richard Banks
Succeeded by	Francis T. Brooke
Personal details
Born	1762; Essex County, Colony of Virginia, British America
Died	December 26, 1811 (aged 49); Richmond, Virginia, U.S.
Nationality	American
Political party	Democratic-Republican
Spouses	Sarah Adams; Jane Reade Jones;
Parent	Meriwether Smith (father);
Profession	Lawyer
Signature

George William Smith (1762 – December 26, 1811) was a Virginia lawyer and politician who served several terms in the Virginia House of Delegates and was twice the acting governor of the state before then being elected as the 17th Governor of Virginia. His term as elected governor was short and ended with his death in the Richmond Theatre fire of 1811.

Early life

George William Smith was born in 1762 at the family estate "Bathurst" in Essex County, Virginia, to Alice and Meriwether Smith.^[1] His father was a notable Virginia politician, having served in the House of Burgesses, the Continental Congress and the Virginia House of Delegates.^[2] His mother (maiden name "Lee") was a great-grandchild of Richard Lee I ("The Immigrant"). George Williams Smith took up the practice of law and was married twice. His first marriage to Sarah Adams in 1793 produced children, though his second marriage to Jane Reade Jones did not.^[3]

Political career

Like his father, the younger Smith soon entered politics, representing Essex County in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1790 to 1794. He later took his law practice to Richmond and, in 1801, again won election to the state house, this time representing the city. He was elected to represent Richmond in the House in its 1807–08 session but lost his seat when his opponent, John H. Foushee, successfully contested the election results. Shortly thereafter, he was appointed to the Virginia Council of State by the General Assembly, soon becoming its president and thus the Lieutenant Governor of Virginia.^[2]^[1]

As the senior member of the Virginia Council, Smith became the acting Governor of Virginia, between the terms of John Tyler Sr. and James Monroe, for five days in January 1811.^[4] He became acting Governor again, from April to December of the same year, when Monroe resigned to become United States Secretary of State.^[4] Smith was then elected to the office in his own right as the 17th Governor of Virginia, representing the Democratic-Republican Party.^[4] However, his official tenure lasted only three weeks before his death during the great Richmond Theatre fire of December 26, 1811.^[5] Governor Smith had initially reached safety, but he went back into the fire and died trying to find his young son.^[1] The Governor's sudden and unexpected death left the Virginia executive branch in turmoil, prompting acting Governor Peyton Randolph to push the legislature to appoint a successor swiftly.^[6]

Smith's ashes were placed under a rock at Monumental Church in Richmond with the ashes of other victims of the fire, including former senator and president of the Bank of Virginia, Abraham B. Venable.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Smith, Margaret Vowell (1893). Virginia, 1492–1892; a brief review of the discovery of the continent of North America, with a history of the executives of the colony and of the commonwealth of Virginia. Washington, W.H. Lowdermilk & Co. p. 318. ISBN 9781176416864. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
^ ^a ^b "Guide to the Governor George William Smith Executive Papers, 1811–1812". Library of Virginia. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
^ Tyler, Lyon Gardiner (1915). Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography, Vol. 2. Lewis Historical Publishing Company. p. 47. ISBN 1330041925.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Governors of Virginia". Encyclopedia of Virginia. Virginia Foundation for the Humanities. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
^ "Virginia Governor George William Smith". National Governors Association.
^ Baker, Meredith Henne (2012). The Richmond Theater Fire : early America's first great disaster. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. p. 73. ISBN 9780807143742.

External links

Archival records

A Guide to the Governor George William Smith Executive Papers, 1811–1812 at The Library of Virginia

Political offices
Preceded by James Monroe	Governor of Virginia 1811	Succeeded by Peyton Randolph Acting Governor

[Smith-1] Smith, Margaret Vowell (1893). Virginia, 1492–1892; a brief review of the discovery of the continent of North America, with a history of the executives of the colony and of the commonwealth of Virginia. Washington, W.H. Lowdermilk & Co. p. 318. ISBN 9781176416864. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

[Library-2] "Guide to the Governor George William Smith Executive Papers, 1811–1812". Library of Virginia. Retrieved August 6, 2015.

[3] Tyler, Lyon Gardiner (1915). Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography, Vol. 2. Lewis Historical Publishing Company. p. 47. ISBN 1330041925.

[Encyclopedia-4] "Governors of Virginia". Encyclopedia of Virginia. Virginia Foundation for the Humanities. Retrieved August 5, 2015.

[NGA-5] "Virginia Governor George William Smith". National Governors Association.

[6] Baker, Meredith Henne (2012). The Richmond Theater Fire : early America's first great disaster. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. p. 73. ISBN 9780807143742.

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Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	Germany
Other	SNAC