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Giovanni Michelotti

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Michelotti at right, with Enrico Nardi and the 1960 Plymouth Silver Ray.
1957 Marinella, based on Fiat 600 Multipla, bodied by Fissore
Aston Martin DB2/4 Bertone Drophead Coupé

Giovanni Michelotti (6 October 1921 – 23 January 1980[1]) was one of the most prolific designers of sports cars in the 20th century. His notable contributions were for Ferrari, Lancia, Maserati and Triumph marques. He was also associated with truck designs for Leyland Motors, and with designs for British Leyland (including the Leyland National bus) after the merger of Leyland and BMC.

Born in Turin, Italy, Michelotti worked for coachbuilders, including Stabilimenti Farina, Vignale, Allemano, Bertone, Ghia, Ghia-Aigle,[2] Scioneri, Monterosa, Viotti, Fissore and OSI, before opening his own design studio in 1959. He also cooperated with manufacturers producing their own cars based on Fiat or other mechanicals, like Siata, Moretti, Francis Lombardi and Nardi.[3] From 1962, Michelotti concluded cooperation with Carrozzeria Vignale and began his own coachbuilding activities.[4]

Towards the end of his life, asked whether he had ever designed anything other than cars, Michelotti acknowledged that virtually all of his design work had involved cars, but he admitted to having designed a coffee making machine shortly after the war.[5]

Alfa Romeo

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Lancia

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  • Lancia Astura Stabilimenti Farina Coupé, 1946; Cabriolet, 1947
  • Lancia Aprilia Berlina Gran Lusso and Cabriolet for Stabilimenti Farina, 1947; Coupé for Vignale, 1949[8]
  • Lancia Aurelia B50 Vignale Coupé; B52 Vignale Coupé, Bertone Coupé, Balbo Coupé 2+2; B53 Allemano Coupé
  • Lancia Aurelia Nardi Blue Ray 1 and 2, for Vignale, commissioned by Enrico Nardi
  • Lancia Appia Allemano Coupé; Cabriolet, 1957; Lusso Coupé, prototype and series production cars for Vignale
  • Lancia Flavia Vignale Cabriolet, would become the last Michelotti design for Vignale.[4]
  • Lancia Mizar concept, 1974, based on Beta featuring four gull-wing doors
  • Lancia Beta Carrera, 1975 for Felber
  • Lancia Beta Felber FF, 1976

Ferrari

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Maserati

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Standard Triumph

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From the late 1950s Michelotti was responsible for all new models produced by the British company Standard Triumph, starting with a facelift of the Standard Vanguard and going on to design other models for Triumph such as:

He also created a number of prototypes which did not go into production, such as the Triumph Fury. The only Triumphs after 1960 that were not his work were the TR6 and the TR7, plus the Honda-based Acclaim.

British Leyland

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After Triumph's parent company Leyland Motors became a part of British Leyland, Michelotti undertook a facelift of the BMC 1100 – which became the Spanish-built Austin Victoria and also the South African-built Austin Apache. He also designed the Leyland National bus and the Australian-made Leyland P76.

BMW

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BMW 02-series (1966)

Giovanni Michelotti's BMW association started with the BMW 700 (1959) and later the successful BMW New Class series of designs of which the most notable is the BMW 2002. His sport sedan designs later became the BMW design language, that was continued and refined by Ercole Spada well into the 1980s.[3]

DAF/Volvo

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DAF 46, in design a nearly unchanged 44

Michelotti also worked with the Dutch firm DAF, starting in 1963 with redesigning the ageing Daffodil 31 model into the Daffodil 32 and DAF 33. The Shellette beach car was also originally developed to use DAF underpinnings.[17] The DAF 44 (1966) was a completely new design from his hand and he also helped form its derivatives 46, 55 and 66, which culminated in the Volvo 66 (1975). In 1968, Michelotti built a concept car based on his DAF 55 design, called Siluro (Italian for torpedo), which remained in his possession until his death. The car has since been restored and is in possession of the DAF museum in Eindhoven.[18]

Own work

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1969 Michelotti Shellette

Michelotti did present a few cars under his own name. The Shellette was a beach car with wicker seats and dashboard in the spirit of Ghia's, Fiat 500 and 600 Jollys. The Shellette was designed in collaboration with yacht designer Philip Schell. Originally constructed with DAF underpinnings, this was later changed to Fiat 850 mechanicals. Unlike the Ghia Jolly, the more powerful 47 hp (35 kW) Shellette was a reasonably useful car having a heater and various other creature comforts. It was also capable of a 60 mph (97 km/h) cruising speed. Only about 80 were built, with around ten still in existence. Famous buyers included the Dutch Royal Family, who used an early DAF-based Shellette at their summer property in Porto Ercole, and Jacqueline Onassis, who employed a later model on the Onassis' private island Skorpios.[17]

Around 1980, the Fiat 127-based "Every" appeared, a light buggy-styled vehicle. Michelotti also marketed a luxurious version of the Daihatsu Taft.[19] In 1985 the Michelotti PAC was presented, a one-off citycar prototype (PAC = "Project Automotive Commuter") based on the Daihatsu Cuore.[20]

Scammell

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In the 1960s, Michelotti designed a glass-reinforced plastic (GRP) cab for certain lorries made by Scammell, who had become part of Leyland Motors in 1955. The cab was used for the Routeman, Handyman and Trunker models.[21] The Townsman also had a Michelotti designed cab.

Other manufacturers

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Fiat 8V Demon Rouge
Ford-Cisitalia 808 roadster
Jaguar XK-D, 1963
Reliant Scimitar SS1

For other companies he designed the following (this is an incomplete list):

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "January 23, 1980 – Designer Giovanni Michelotti passes away". Automotive History. Archived from the original on 23 June 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
  2. ^ "Carrosserie Ghia Aigle - Cars". ghia-aigle.info. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d "Elenco delle Vetture progettate da Giovanni Michelotti conosciute al momento" [List of currently known cars designed by Giovanni Michelotti]. Archivio Storico Michelotti (in Italian). Archived from the original on 14 November 2021.
  4. ^ a b Vignale, Alfredo Zanellato (2009). Vignale con Michelotti Designer. ASI. p. 66.
  5. ^ Mazzocchi, Gianni, ed. (March 1978). "Conversazione con Giovanni Michelotti: Tante, tante automobili" [A conversation with Giovanni Michelotti: Many, Many Cars]. Quattroruote (in Italian). 23 (268). Milan, Italy: Editoriale Domus: 114. Archived from the original on 1 July 2007. Retrieved 11 March 2012. Disegna sempre solo vetture? "Soppratutto, ma .... doppo la guerra anche una macchina per fare il caffe." (Q: Have you always designed only cars? A: Almost exclusively, but...after the war, also a machine for making coffee.)
  6. ^ "Carrosserie Ghia Aigle - Alfa Romeo 1900 Coupé Lugano 1957". ghia-aigle.info. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  7. ^ "1961 Alfa Romeo Giulietta Goccia (Michelotti)". carstyling.ru. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  8. ^ "Vignale Lancia". vignalegamine.net. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
  9. ^ Easthope, Alex (31 March 2015). "10 more odd Ferraris we almost forgot". www.classicdriver.com. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
  10. ^ "250 P s/n 0812". barchetta.cc. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  11. ^ "1982 Ferrari 400i Meera S One off Michelotti Prototype". RonSusser.com. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
  12. ^ "Ferrari Meera S by Michelotti". www.italian.sakura.ne.jp. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
  13. ^ "Ferrari 365 GTB/4 Michelotti NART Spyder - Register". barchetta.cc. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  14. ^ "1972 Ferrari 365 GTB/4 Daytona NART Spider". Gooding & Company. Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
  15. ^ "RM Sotheby's - 1972 Ferrari 365 GTB/4 NART Spider Competizione by Michelotti | Monterey 2018". RM Sotheby's. 26 August 2018. Archived from the original on 17 September 2018. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
  16. ^ Tabucchi, Maurizio (2003). Maserati: The Grand Prix, Sports and GT cars model by model, 1926-2003. Milano: Giorgio Nada Editore s.r.l. p. 246. ISBN 8879112600.
  17. ^ a b "361", Greenwich Concours d'Elegance Auction (Auction Catalogue), New York, NY: Bonhams & Butterfields Auctioneers, 2 June 2013, pp. 160–161, Sale Number 21153
  18. ^ 1968 DAF 55 Siluro
  19. ^ Costa, André & Georges-Michel Fraichard, ed. (September 1980). "Salon 1980: Toutes les Voitures du Monde". l'Auto Journal (in French) (14 & 15). Paris: Homme N°1: 202. M1117.
  20. ^ Heitz, Rudolf, ed. (1 August 1985). Auto Katalog 1986 (in German). Vol. 29. Stuttgart: Vereinigte Motor-Verlage GmbH & Co. KG. p. 107. 81530/85001.
  21. ^ "The History of Scammell Lorries Limited". The Scammell Register. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
  22. ^ "The History - Ford Cisitalia 808". fordcisitalia808.com. Retrieved 18 November 2021.

Bibliography

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