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Granvin

Coordinates: 60°31′37″N 06°43′10″E / 60.52694°N 6.71944°E / 60.52694; 6.71944
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the municipality in Hardanger, Norway. For the village in this municipality, see Granvin (village).
Granvin Municipality
Granvin herad
Former municipality
View of the village of Granvin
View of the village of Granvin
Flag of Granvin Municipality
Flag
Coat of arms of Granvin Municipality
Coat of arms
Hordaland within Norway
Hordaland within Norway
Granvin within Hordaland
Granvin within Hordaland
Coordinates: 60°31′37″N 06°43′10″E / 60.52694°N 6.71944°E / 60.52694; 6.71944
CountryNorway
CountyHordaland
DistrictHardanger
Established1 May 1891
 • Preceded byUlvik Municipality
Disestablished1 Jan 2020
 • Succeeded byVoss Municipality
Administrative centreEide
Government
 • Mayor (2011-2019)Ingebjørg Winjum (V)
Area
 (upon dissolution)
 • Total211.28 km2 (81.58 sq mi)
 • Land203.86 km2 (78.71 sq mi)
 • Water7.42 km2 (2.86 sq mi)  3.5%
 • Rank#326 in Norway
Population
 (2019)
 • Total933
 • Rank#403 in Norway
 • Density4.6/km2 (12/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
Decrease −4.5%
DemonymGravensar[1]
Official language
[2]
 • Norwegian formNynorsk
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-1234[3]
Data from Statistics Norway

Granvin is a former municipality in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1891 until its dissolution in 2020 when it merged with Voss Municipality. The municipality was located in the traditional district of Hardanger. The administrative centre of Granvin was the village of Eide, which is also called "Granvin". About half of the residents of the municipality lived in the municipal centre. The rest lived in the rural valley areas surrounding the Granvin Fjord or the lake Granvinsvatnet in the central part of the municipality.

Prior to its dissolution in 2020, the 211-square-kilometre (81 sq mi) municipality is the 326th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Granvin is the 403rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 933. The municipality's population density is 4.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (12/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 4.5% over the last decade.[4]

General information

[edit]
View of a small road in Granvin
Granvin Church

The parish of Graven was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). This new municipality was very large and it included two annexes to the parish: Ulvik and Eidfjord. On 1 January 1859, "Ulvik" became the main parish, so that Granvin and Eidfjord became annexes to Ulvik, and the name of municipality was changed accordingly.[5]

On 1 May 1891, the municipality of Ulvik was divided into three parts by creating two new municipalities. The western annex (population: 1,331) became the new municipality of Granvin and the southeastern annex (population: 1,018) became the new municipality of Eidfjord. On 1 January 1964, the Lussand-Kvanndal area of Kinsarvik municipality (population: 72) was transferred to Granvin.[5]

On 1 January 2020, the neighboring municipalities of Granvin and Voss were merged into a new large municipality called Voss.[6]

Name

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The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Granvin farm (Old Norse: Grǫnvin) since the first Granvin Church was built there. The first element is grǫn which means "spruce". The last element is vin which means "meadow" or "pasture". The area is one of the few places in Western Norway that has spruce forests. The name of the parish was spelled as "Graven" before 1858. It was then spelled as "Granvin" from 1858 until 1891. When it became a separate municipality in 1891, the old spelling of "Graven" was used again briefly until 1898. Since 1898 the spelling of "Granvin" has been used.[7]

Coat of arms

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The coat of arms was granted on 13 May 1988 and it was in use until 1 January 2020 when the municipality was dissolved. The official blazon is "Vert, a fiddle Or in bend sinister" (Norwegian: På grøn grunn ei gul fele, skråstilt venstre-høgre). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a diagonal hardanger fiddle (Hardingfele), a type of Norwegian folk instrument. The fiddle has a tincture of Or which means it is commonly colored yellow, but if it is made out of metal, then gold is used. The design was chosen to symbolize the rich folk-music traditions in the Hardanger region and it also symbolizes an active and creative community. The fiddle is a simplified representation of the richly decorated Hardanger fiddles. This fiddle, used to play folk dance music, has two sets or layers of four strings and has a very characteristic sound. The lower set of sympathetic strings is not directly touched by the fiddler, but they vibrate when the other strings are played. The arms were designed by Øyvind Kvamme. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.[8][9][10]

See also: the coat of arms of Bø, Telemark

Churches

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The Church of Norway had one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Granvin. It is part of the Hardanger og Voss prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin.

Churches in Granvin
Parish (sokn) Church name Location of the church Year built
Granvin Granvin Church Granvin 1726

Geography

[edit]
View of the Skjervefossen

The municipality was situated along both sides of the Granvin Fjord (a small arm off of the main Hardangerfjorden) and the valley extending inland from the end of the fjord, in the region of Hardanger. The large lake Granvinsvatnet lies right in the center of the valley, just north of the village of Eide. On both sides of the fjord and valley, there are high mountains. Espeland Falls is located in the Espelandsdalen valley near the border with Ulvik. The Skjervefossen waterfall is also located in Granvin.

Transportation

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Norwegian National Road 13 entered Granvin via the Tunsberg Tunnel which runs through the high mountains to the northwest. The highway then ran through Granvin before entering the Vallavik Tunnel which runs through the high mountains to the southeast. The Vallavik Tunnel connects up with the Hardanger Bridge in Ulvik which crosses the Hardangerfjorden. A car ferry service connects Kvanndal (in southwest Granvin) with the villages of Utne and Kinsarvik (in Ullensvang municipality) on the south side of the Hardangerfjord. From 1935 to 1988, Hardanger railway line ran between Granvin and Vossevangen. The line was closed in 1988 and the rails were later removed.

History

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In April 1940, during the German invasion of Norway during World War II, there was some fighting between German and Norwegian forces in Granvin. German forces landed in the village of Granvin on 25 April as part of their pincer movement towards the Norwegian military camps at Vossevangen. There was fighting at Skjervefossen for most of that day, until the Norwegian forces retreated late at night to avoid encirclement. Four Norwegian soldiers and at least 30 German soldiers fell in the fighting.[11]

Population

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
18911,331—    
19001,276−0.47%
19101,213−0.51%
19201,070−1.25%
19301,159+0.80%
YearPop.±% p.a.
19461,190+0.17%
19511,158−0.54%
19601,102−0.55%
19701,039−0.59%
1980996−0.42%
YearPop.±% p.a.
19901,036+0.39%
20001,044+0.08%
2010947−0.97%
2019937−0.12%
Source: Statistics Norway[12][13] and Norwegian Historical Data Centre[14]

Upon the dissolution of the municipality, the population of Granvin had been dropping since World War II. In 1951, the population was 1,158. Since then, it has dropped by 21.3% to 911 in 2014. This situation is common in many smaller, rural municipalities in Norway.[15]

Government

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While it existed, this municipality was responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment, social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor was indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[16]

Municipal council

[edit]

The municipal council (Heradsstyre) of Granvin was made up of 13 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The party breakdown of the council is as follows:

Granvin heradsstyre 2016–2019 [17]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 2012–2015 [18]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 5
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 2008–2011 [17]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 6
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 2004–2007 [17]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 2000–2003 [17]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1996–1999 [19]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1992–1995 [20]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1988–1991 [21]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1984–1987 [22]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1980–1983 [23]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1976–1979 [24]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
 Local list for Granvin (Bygdelista for Granvin)2
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1972–1975 [25]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 2
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1968–1971 [26]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1964–1967 [27]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1960–1963 [28]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1956–1959 [29]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 8
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) 1
Total number of members:13
Granvin heradsstyre 1952–1955 [30]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) 9
Total number of members:12
Granvin heradsstyre 1948–1951 [31]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 12
Total number of members:12
Granvin heradsstyre 1945–1947 [32]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 12
Total number of members:12
Granvin heradsstyre 1938–1941* [33]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 1
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister) 11
Total number of members:12
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Mayors

[edit]

The mayors (Nynorsk: ordførar) of Granvin (incomplete list):

  • 1891–1892: Hans Saakvitne (V)
  • 1968–1972: Torbjørn Seim
  • 1996–2007: Olav Seim (Sp)
  • 2007–2011: Jan Ivar Rødland (Ap)
  • 2011–2019: Ingebjørg Winjum (V)

Notable people

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[edit]

Granvin is a major setting in Moe Cidaly's short story "Summer Episode".[34]

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Granvin (former municipality).

References

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  1. ^ "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. ^ "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. ^ Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (26 January 2023). "Kommunenummer". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget.
  4. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå (2017). "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 24 October 2017.
  5. ^ a b Jukvam, Dag (1999). Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå. ISBN 9788253746845.
  6. ^ "Ein Ny Kommune" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 24 October 2017.
  7. ^ Rygh, Oluf (1910). Norske gaardnavne: Søndre Bergenhus amt (in Norwegian) (11 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. pp. 484–486.
  8. ^ "Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  9. ^ "Granvin, Hordaland". Flags of the World. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  10. ^ "Godkjenning av våpen og flagg". Lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Norges kommunal- og arbeidsdepartementet. 13 May 1988. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  11. ^ Hansteen, Wilhelm (1971). Operasjonene til lands på Vestlandet og i Hallingdal og Numedal (in Norwegian). Oslo. pp. 170–183.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  12. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå. "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian).
  13. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå. "Folketelling 1960" (PDF) (in Norwegian).
  14. ^ Universitetet i Tromsø – Norges arktiske universitet. "Censuses in the Norwegian Historical Data Archive (NHDC)".
  15. ^ "Population changes in municipalities 1951-2014. Granvin" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway. Retrieved 22 May 2014.
  16. ^ Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  17. ^ a b c d "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  18. ^ "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Hordaland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
  19. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1995" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  20. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1991" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  21. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1987" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  22. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1983" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  23. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1979" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  24. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1975" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  25. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1972" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  26. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  27. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  28. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  29. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  30. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  31. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  32. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  33. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  34. ^ "Summer Episode". moecidaly.com. 2016. Archived from the original on 27 September 2016.
[edit]
  • The dictionary definition of Granvin at Wiktionary
  • Hardanger travel guide from Wikivoyage

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