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HSwMS Stockholm (J6)

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For other ships with the same name, see HSwMS Stockholm.

HSwMS Stockholm
History
Sweden
NameStockholm
NamesakeStockholm
BuilderKarlskronavarvet, Karlskrona
Laid down1934
Launched24 March 1936
Commissioned24 November 1937
Decommissioned1 January 1964
FateSold to be broken up at Ystad
General characteristics
Class and typeGöteborg-class destroyer
Displacement
  • 1,200 t (1,181 long tons), full load
  • 1,040 t (1,020 long tons), standard displacement
Length310 ft 4 in (94.6 m) o.a.
Beam29 ft 6 in (9.0 m)
Draught12 ft 6 in (3.8 m)
Propulsion3 oil fired boilers, 2 de Laval steam turbines, 32,000 shp (24,000 kW), 2 screws
Speed39 knots (72 km/h; 45 mph)
Range1,200 nmi (2,200 km; 1,400 mi) at 20 kn (37 km/h; 23 mph)
Complement135
Armament
  • 3 × 120 mm (4.7 in) Bofors M/24C DP guns (3×1)
  • 4 × 25 mm (0.98 in) Bofors M/40 (1×2, 2×1)
  • 6 × 533 mm (21 in) torpedo tubes (2×3)
  • 2 × depth charge throwers

HSwMS Stockholm was a destroyer of the Royal Swedish Navy that served during the Second World War and in the Cold War. The second member of the Göteborg or city class, an improvement on the previous Ehrensköld class, Stockholm was launched on 24 March 1936. The ship proved to be of very high performance, exceeding 41 knots (76 km/h; 47 mph) in trials, the fastest ship in the navy. After serving during the Second World War on neutrality patrols, the destroyer took part in two tours with other Swedish warships. The first, which involved sailing to the Netherlands, Norway and the United Kingdom, was led by the cruiser Fylgia in 1948. Four years later, the destroyer accompanied the cruiser Gotland to Belgium. In 1961, the destroyer was redesignated a frigate. Three years later, on 1 January 1964, Stockholm was decommissioned and subsequently sold to be broken up.

Design and development

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Main article: Göteborg-class destroyer

In 1933, the Swedish Riksdag authorised two new ships based on the successful the Ehrensköld-class destroyer. The new design was to have a higher speed, achieved by introducing superheating and lightening the structure through using welding rather than rivets. Stockholm was ordered at the same time as the lead ship of the class and was the second laid down. The two vessels proved successful and the design was subsequently reordered twice, ultimately leading to a class of 6 vessels.[1]

Displacing 1,040 t (1,020 long tons)} standard and 1,200 tonnes (1,200 long tons) full load, Stockholm had an overall length of 94.6 m (310 ft 4 in) and 93 m (305 ft 1 in) between perpendiculars. Beam was 9 m (29 ft 6 in) and maximum draught 3.8 m (12 ft 6 in).[2] Power was provided by three Penhoët oil-fired boilers feeding two de Laval geared steam turbines driving two shafts. The ship had two funnels. New materials allowed the boilers to be superheated to 125 °C (257 °F), which raised the rated power to e 32,000 shaft horsepower (24,000 kW) to give a design speed of 39 knots (72 km/h; 45 mph).[3] A total of 150 tonnes (150 long tons) of fuel oil was carried to give a range of 1,200 nautical miles (2,200 km; 1,400 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph).[4]

The main armament consisted of three 12 cm (4.7 in) K/45 M24C dual-purpose guns produced by Bofors. These were placed in separate mounts on the ship's centreline, with one on the forecastle, one aft and one between the funnels.[5] The guns were of a loose-barrel type, weighed 3 t (3.0 long tons) and fired a 24 kg (53 lb) projectile at 800 m/s (2,600 ft/s).[6] Air defence consisted six 25 mm (0.98 in) M/40 autocannons, also provided by Bofors in a twin mounting aft of the bridge and two single mounts surrounding the funnels. Two triple rotating torpedo tube mounts for 53 cm (21 in) torpedoes were aft of the superstructure and two depth charge throwers were carried further towards the stern. Approximately forty mines could also be carried for minelaying.[5] The ship had a complement of 135 officers and ratings.[2]

Construction and career

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Stockholm was laid down by Karlskronavarvet in Karlskrona in 1934, launched on 24 March 1936 and commissioned on 24 November 1937.[7] The ship was named after the Swedish capital city and allocated the pennant number J6.[8] In trials, Stockholm proved to be the fastest in the navy, exceeding 41 knots (76 km/h; 47 mph), a speed only exceeded by the French Le Fantasque-class destroyers.[3]

During the Second World War, Stockholm was involved in patrolling Swedish waters to protect Swedish neutrality.[9] At the end of the conflict, Stockholm was based at Gothenburg and monitored the German submarine U-3503 which surrendered on 6 May 1945.[10] On 10 May 1948, the destroyer sailed from Gothenburg on the first day of a tour of European cities with sister ship Norrköping under the leadership of the cruiser Fylgia. The tour included five days in Bristol, seven days in Amsterdam and four days in Trondheim, returning on 14 June. On 30 May 1952, the same two destroyers escorted the cruiser Gotland on a visit to a port in another NATO country, this time to Antwerp in Belgium, returning on 2 July.[11]

Unlike the later members of the class, Stockholm was not updated in the early 1950s but was nonetheless rerated a frigate on 1 January 1961 along with the rest of the class.[12] On 1 January 1964, the destroyer was decommissioned and subsequently sold to be broken up at Ystad.[7][13]

References

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Citations

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  1. ^ Borgenstam, Insulander & Kaudern 1989, p. 48.
  2. ^ a b Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, p. 372.
  3. ^ a b Palmsteirna 1972, p. 60.
  4. ^ Blackman 1960, p. 272.
  5. ^ a b Borgenstam, Insulander & Kaudern 1989, p. 49.
  6. ^ Campbell 2002, p. 392.
  7. ^ a b von Hofsten & Waernberg 2003, p. 158.
  8. ^ Holmqvist 1972, p. 198.
  9. ^ Lagvall 1991, p. 70.
  10. ^ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 2005, p. 24.
  11. ^ "Långresor och utlandsbesök med svenska örlogsfartyg mellan 1837–2005" [Long voyages and visits abroad with Swedish warships between 1837–2005]. flottansman.se (in Swedish). 8 April 2010. Archived from the original on 12 August 2010.
  12. ^ Palmsteirna 1972, p. 66.
  13. ^ Whitley 2000, p. 249.

Bibliography

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  • Blackman, Raymond B.V. (1960). Jane's Fighting Ships 1961–1962. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd. OCLC 946722815.
  • Borgenstam, Curt; Insulander, Per; Kaudern, Gösta (1989). Jagare: med Svenska flottans jagare under 80 år [Destroyer: 80 years of Destroyers in the Swedish Navy] (in Swedish). Västra Frölunda: Marinlitteratur. ISBN 978-9-19707-004-1. SELIBR 7792227.
  • Campbell, John (2002). Naval Weapons of World War Two. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-87021-459-2.
  • Gardiner, Robert & Chesneau, Roger, eds. (1980). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 978-0-85177-146-5.
  • Holmqvist, Åke (1972). Flottans Beredskap 1938-1940 [Navy Readiness 1938–1940] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Allmänna Förlaget. OCLC 462115352.
  • Lagvall, Bertil (1991). Flottans Neutralitetsvakt 1939–1945 (in Swedish). Karlskrona: Marinlitteraturföreningen. ISBN 978-9-18594-404-0. SELIBR 7753511.
  • Palmsteirna, C. (31 March 1972). "Swedish Torpedo Boats & Destroyers: Part II - Destroyers". Warship International. Vol. IX, no. 1. pp. 59–77.
  • Rohwer, Jürgen & Hümmelchen, Gerhard (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939-1945: The Naval History of World War Two. London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-257-3.
  • von Hofsten, Gustav & Waernberg, Jan (2003). Örlogsfartyg: Svenska maskindrivna fartyg under tretungad flagg [Warships: Swedish Steam Ships under the Flag of Three Crowns] (in Swedish). Karlskrona: Svenskt Militärhistoriskt Bibliotek. ISBN 978-9-19740-154-8.
  • Whitley, M. J. (2000). Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. London: Cassell & Co. ISBN 1-85409-521-8.
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