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Hurricane Oscar (2024)

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For other storms of the same name, see List of storms named Oscar.

Hurricane Oscar
Hurricane Oscar passing north of Hispaniola on October 19
Meteorological history
FormedOctober 19, 2024
Category 1 hurricane
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS)
Highest winds85 mph (140 km/h)
Lowest pressure986 mbar (hPa); 29.12 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities≥6
DamageUnknown
Areas affected
Part of the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season

Hurricane Oscar is an active tropical cyclone currently at tropical storm status and weakening over eastern Cuba after making landfall near Bayamo as a Category 1 hurricane. The fifteenth named storm and tenth hurricane of the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season, Oscar originated from a long-tracked tropical wave which moved off of the west coast of Africa on October 10. It did not undergo tropical cyclogenesis until October 19, due to adverse atmospheric conditions. On that same day, the compact storm had a round of rapid intensification and was upgraded to Category 1 hurricane status. Oscar became the smallest hurricane on record, with a hurricane wind field of about five-to-six-mile (8.0 to 9.7 km).[1] Shortly afterward, hurricane watches and warnings were issued across the Turks and Caicos Islands, Southeastern Bahamas, and Cuba.

Meteorological history

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Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

An area of investigation off the coast of West Africa was noted by the National Hurricane Center (NHC) on October 4,[2] and slowly developed in the eastern tropical Atlantic Ocean for several days. By October 10, the tropical disturbance was declared an invest, with the NHC designating it as Invest 94L as disorganized showers and thunderstorms were spotted in the system.[3] The disturbance then entered unfavorable environment in the succeeding days, resulting to several fluctuations in its chances of formation[4] until it reached north of the Greater Antilles on October 18, when the NHC noted that the invest's chances to form have significantly dwindled.[5] However, the next day, the storm rapidly consolidated north of Hispaniola,[6] becoming a tropical storm in the next few hours and receiving the name Oscar.[7] Rapid intensification then ensued, which was verified by a Hurricane Hunters flight that found Oscar to be stronger than estimated; at 18:00 UTC, it was upgraded to a Category 1 hurricane with sustained winds of 80 mph (130 km/h).[8] At this point, Oscar was a very small storm with traits similar to thunderstorm clusters.[9] Oscar would then make two landfalls at hurricane strength: one was made on Inagua with 80 miles per hour (130 km/h) winds,[10] and another in Cuba.[11]

Forecast errors and distinctions

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Philippe Papin of the National Hurricane Center noted that Oscar "...kind of snuck up a little bit on us".[12] As the predecessor to Oscar made its way north of the Greater Antilles, models began to stop showing tropical development in their forecasts.[13]

Oscar was the smallest hurricane on record with a five-to-six-mile (8.0 to 9.7 km) wide hurricane-force wind field.[1] Due to Oscar's size, most satellites were unable to precisely measure it's strength.[13] RADARSAT, high-resolution Canadian satellites, had shown intensities of around Category 2 or 3 strength prior to landfall.[13]

Preparations and impacts

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Lucayan Archipelago

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On the afternoon of October 19, the Government of The Bahamas issued a hurricane warning for the Turks and Caicos Islands and Southeastern Bahamas.[14] The Turks and Caicos Islands Airport Authority closed JAGS McCartney International Airport, Norman B. Saunders International Airport, and Leon Wilson Airport.[15] The Bahamian Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Authority activated its team on October 19.[16]

Matthew Town experienced winds from the core of Oscar.[9] On Grand Turk, where the capital of the Turks and Caicos Islands is located, Oscar knocked down some trees and removed the roofs of at least one house. However, as there was a low tide, the hurricane caused minimal impacts in the islands.[17] A shelter in Inagua housed 24 people.[18]

The DRM Authority sent food items to the southern islands after Oscar had left.[19]

Cuba

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The Government of Cuba issued a hurricane watch for the provinces of Guantánamo, Holguín, and Las Tunas on October 19.[14] Dissemination of information related to Oscar was impeded by a country-wide blackout.[20]

As Oscar neared Cuba, a station in Cape Maisí saw a peak gust of 64 mph (103 km/h).[21] In Baracoa, waves produced by the hurricane breached the seawall, causing flooding along the city's coastline.[22] Elsewhere in the province of Guantánamo, preliminary reports stated that some places received more than 10 in (25 cm).[23] Oscar caused severe damage in eastern Guantánamo.[24] More than 1,000 homes were damaged with severe flooding occuring in Baracoa, Imías, and Maisí. Several homes lost their roofs and partially collapsed along with many downed electrical lines.[25] The rainfall and winds led to landslides, which also slowed the fixing of the blackout.[26] At least six people died from the storm.[27]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Rice, Doyle. "How Hurricane Oscar fooled forecasters, became smallest on record". USA TODAY. Retrieved October 22, 2024.
  2. ^ Beven, Jack (October 4, 2024). "NHC Graphical Outlook Archive". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ Hagen, Andrew (October 10, 2024). "NHC Graphical Outlook Archive". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ Bucci, Lisa; Zelinsky, Rachel (October 16, 2024). "NHC Graphical Outlook Archive". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ Hogsett, Wallace; Cangialosi, John (October 18, 2024). "NHC Graphical Outlook Archive". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. ^ Papin, Philippe (October 19, 2024). "NHC Graphical Outlook Archive". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ Papin, Philippe (October 19, 2024). Tropical Storm Oscar Discussion Number 1 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2024.
  8. ^ Cangialosi, John; Papin, Philippe (October 19, 2024). "Hurricane Oscar Special Discussion Number 2". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ^ a b Norcross, Bryan (October 20, 2024). "Bryan Norcross: Hurricane Oscar is moving through the southeastern Bahamas on its way to Cuba". FOX Weather. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
  10. ^ Oppmann, Patrick (October 20, 2024). "Cuban power grid collapses for fourth time as hurricane arrives". CNN. Retrieved October 22, 2024.
  11. ^ Sosnowski, Alex (October 21, 2024). "Oscar leaves Cuba as tropical storm". Accuweather. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  12. ^ "Oscar weakens to a tropical storm after making landfall as Category 1 hurricane". Shropshire Star. October 21, 2024. Retrieved October 22, 2024.
  13. ^ a b c Lowry, Michael (October 21, 2024). "October surprise: Oscar rapidly forms, stuns forecasters over the weekend". WPLG. Retrieved October 22, 2024.
  14. ^ a b Henkels, Patrick (October 19, 2024). "Oscar strengthens into Category 1 hurricane near the Bahamas". wtsp.com. Retrieved October 19, 2024.
  15. ^ "Turks and Caicos close major airports as Hurricane Oscar approaches". Loop News. October 19, 2024. Retrieved October 19, 2024.
  16. ^ "DRM Authority advises residents in the Southeast Bahamas to 'prepare for impact'". Eye Witness News. October 19, 2024. Retrieved October 19, 2024.
  17. ^ Neal, David J.; Malaver, Milena; Cetoute, Devoun (October 20, 2024). "Advertencia de huracán para Cuba y las Bahamas tras impacto de Oscar en islas Turks y Caicos" (in Spanish). El Nuevo Herald. Miami Herald. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  18. ^ McDermott, Berthony (October 21, 2024). "Southern Islanders Not Taking Storm Threat Lightly". Our News. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  19. ^ "DRM Authority and Supervalue team up to send relief supplies to the Southern Islands". Eye Witness News. October 21, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  20. ^ "Oscar becomes a hurricane and is advancing toward Cuba". CiberCuba. October 19, 2024. Retrieved October 19, 2024.
  21. ^ "Punta Maisí station reports a gust of 103 km/h due to the proximity of Hurricane Oscar to the east of Cuba". CiberCuba. October 20, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  22. ^ "Hurricane Oscar causes the first floods on the boardwalk of Baracoa". CiberCuba. October 20, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  23. ^ Papin, Philippe (October 21, 2024). Tropical Storm Oscar Discussion Number 10 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  24. ^ "Hurricane Oscar leaves six dead in Cuba during power blackout". France 24. October 22, 2024. Retrieved October 22, 2024.
  25. ^ "More than a thousand homes damaged in Guantánamo due to the passage of Hurricane Oscar, according to the government". CiberCuba. October 21, 2024. Retrieved October 22, 2024.
  26. ^ Nicoll, Ruaridh (October 21, 2024). "Hurricane Oscar dumps heavy rain across Cuba amid power outage". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved October 22, 2024.
  27. ^ Rodriguez, Andrea; Duran, Milexsy (October 21, 2024). "Oscar leaves at least 6 dead in Cuba as a massive blackout halts activities and triggers protests". WDRB. Retrieved October 22, 2024.
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