Jagua Formation

Jagua Formation
Jagua Formation
Stratigraphic range: Mid-Late Oxfordian; ~158–156 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Type	Geological formation
Sub-units	Pan de Azúcar, Zacarías, Pimienta & Jagua Vieja Members
Underlies	Guasasa Formation
Overlies	San Cayetano Formation
Thickness	160 m (520 ft)
Lithology
Primary	Shale, limestone
Location
Coordinates	22°42′N 83°36′W / 22.7°N 83.6°W
Region	Pinar del Río Province
Country	Cuba
Extent	Sierra de los Órganos, Sierra del Rosario
Type section
Named for	Jagua
	Jagua Formation (Cuba)

The Jagua Formation is a Late Jurassic (middle to late Oxfordian) geologic formation in the Sierra de los Órganos and Sierra del Rosario mountain ranges in Pinar del Río Province, western Cuba.^[1] Plesiosaur, pliosaur, pterosaur,^[2] metriorhynchid, turtle and dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from its strata.

Description

The formation comprises marine shales and limestones. The 60 metres (200 ft) thick Jagua Vieja Member consists of black shales and horizontally laminated marly micritic to biomicritic limestones. The latter contains calcareous concretions which the fossils are found in.^[3] The formation overlies the San Cayetano Formation and is overlain by the Guasasa Formation. The bedding direction is steeply dipping towards the northwest.

Fossil content

Vertebrate paleofauna

Based on Iturralde-Vinent & Izquierdo (2015):^[4]

Color key

Taxon	Reclassified taxon	Taxon falsely reported as present	Dubious taxon or junior synonym	Ichnotaxon	Ootaxon	Morphotaxon

Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; ~~crossed out~~ taxa are discredited.

Bony fishes

Bony fish of the Jagua Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Description	Notes	Image
Aspidorhynchus	A. arawaki		Jagua Vieja Mb.	A aspidorhynchid fish	^[4]
Caturus	C. deani	Valle los Jazmines, Jagua Vieja	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A caturid halecomorph. In need of taxonomic revision.	^[4]
Eugnathides	E. browni	Mogote La Mina	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A pachycormiform fish. In need of taxonomic revision.	^[4]
Gyrodus	G. macropthalmus cubensis	Mogote La Mina	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A pycnodont.	^[4]
Hypsocormus	H. leedsi	Laguna de Piedra	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A pachycormiform fish. In need of taxonomic revision.	^[4]
Lepidotes	L. gloriae	Jagua Vieja	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A lepidotid lepisosteiform.	^[4]
?Leptolepis	L. euspondylus	Mogote La Mina	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A leptolepid fish. In need of taxonomic revision.	^[4]
Luisichthys	L. vinalesensis	Jagua Vieja	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A varasichthyid fish	^[4]
Pholidophorus	P. sp.			A pholidophorid fish	^[4]
Sauropsis	S. woodwardi	Viñales		A pachycormiform fish. In need of taxonomic revision.	^[4]

Reptiles

Dinosaurs

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Description	Notes	Image
Camarasauridae indet.		Jagua Vieja	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A camarasaurid sauropod, the only dinosaur known from the formation. Material consists of a first or second metacarpal, now lost.^[5]	^[4]^[5]

Pterosaurs

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Description	Notes	Image
Cacibupteryx	C. caribensis	Mogote Jagua Vieja	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A rhamphorhynchid pterosaur	^[6]
Nesodactylus	N. hesperius	Hoyo del Palmar 10 km (6.2 mi) northeast of Viñales	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A rhamphorhynchid pterosaur	^[6]

Crocodylomorphs

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Description	Notes
Cricosaurus	C. sp.	Puerta de Ancón Sierra de Guasasa	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A metriorhynchid thalattosuchian	^[4]^[7]
Geosaurus	G. sp.			A geosaurine metriorhynchid
Thalattosuchia indet.		Hoyo de la Sierra		A thalattosuchian of uncertain affinities.

Plesiosaurs

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Description	Notes
?"Cryptocleidus"	"C." vignalensis	Laguna de Piedra	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A sauropterygian, nomen dubium.	^[4]^[8]
Gallardosaurus	G. iturraldei	Sierra de Caiguanabo ~8 km (5.0 mi) east of Viñales	Jagua Vieja Mb.	A pliosaurid plesiosaur	^[9]
Vinialesaurus	V. caroli	Viñales		A cryptoclidid plesiosaur	^[10]

Ichthyosaurs

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Description	Notes	Image
Ichthyosauria indet.		Laguna de Piedra	Jagua Vieja Mb.	An indeterminate ichthyosaur, initially described as "Ichthyosaurus torrey"	^[4]
Ophthalmosauridae Indet.	Indeterminate	Viñales			^[11]

Turtles

Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Description	Notes	Image
Notoemys	N. oxfordensis	Valle de Viñales		A platychelyid pan-pleurodiran turtle, originally described under the separate genus of Caribemys

Other fossils

Favreina
Globochaete
Gryphaea mexicana - Pan de Azúcar Mb.^[12]
Liostrea mairei^[13]
L. sandalina - Zacarías Mb.^[14]
Nanogyra (Nanogyra) nana - Zacarías Mb.^[14]
Ostrea broughtoni - Zacarías Mb.^[14]
Plicatula cf. weymouthiana - Zacarías Mb.^[14]
Voltzia palmeri^[15]
Perisphinctes sp.^[16]

References

^ Jagua Formation at Fossilworks.org
^ Barrett et al., 2008
^ Iturralde Vinent & Norell, 1996
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Iturralde-Vinent, Manuel; Izquierdo, Yasmani Ceballos (2015-02-23). "Catálogo de Especímenes de Vertebrados del Jurásico Tardío (pieces, reptiles) de Cuba Occidental". Revista Paleontología Mexicana. 4 (1): 25–40. doi:10.22201/igl.05437652e.2015.4.1.288. ISSN 2007-5189.
^ ^a ^b Apesteguía, S.; Ceballos Izquierdo, Y.; Iturralde-VINENT, M. (2019-09-02). "New taxonomic assignment for a dinosaur sauropod bone from Cuba". Historical Biology. 33 (5): 737–742. doi:10.1080/08912963.2019.1661406. ISSN 0891-2963. S2CID 202854022.
^ ^a ^b Gasparini et al., 2004
^ Gasparini & Iturralde Vinent, 2001, p.538
^ Laguna de Piedra at Fossilworks.org
^ Gasparini, 2009
^ Gasparini et al., 2002
^ Gasparini & Iturralde Vinent, 2001, p.542
^ Sierra Ancón at Fossilworks.org
^ Hoyo de la Sierra at Fossilworks.org
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Mogote La Mina at Fossilworks.org
^ Jagua Vieja at Fossilworks.org
^ Viñales at Fossilworks.org

Bibliography

Barrett, P.M.; Butler, R.J.; Edwards, N.P.; Milner, A.R. (2008), Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas - pp. 61–107 (PDF), Flugsaurier: Pterosaur papers in honour of Peter Wellnhofer - Hone, D.W.E., and Buffetaut, É. (eds). Zitteliana B, 28., pp. 1–264, retrieved 2019-02-07
De la Fuente, M.S.; Iturralde Vinent, M. (2001), "A new pleurodiran turtle from the Jagua Formation (Oxfordian) of western Cuba" (PDF), Journal Information, 75 (4): 860–869, Bibcode:2001JPal...75..860D, doi:10.1017/S0022336000016954, retrieved 2019-02-07
Gasparini, Zulma (2009), "A New Oxfordian Pliosaurid (Plesiosauria, Pliosauridae) in the Caribbean Seaway" (PDF), Palaeontology, 52 (3): 661–669, Bibcode:2009Palgy..52..661G, doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00871.x, archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-16, retrieved 2019-02-07 Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
Gasparini, Z.; Fernández, M.; De La Fuente, M. (2004), "A new pterosaur from the Jurassic of Cuba", Palaeontology, 47 (4): 919–927, Bibcode:2004Palgy..47..919G, doi:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00399.x, retrieved 2019-02-07
Gasparini, Z.; Bardet, N.; Iturralde Vinent, M. (2002), "A new cryptoclidid plesiosaur from the Oxfordian (Late Jurassic) of Cuba", Geobios, 35 (2): 201–211, Bibcode:2002Geobi..35..201G, doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(02)00019-0, archived from the original on 2010-07-02, retrieved 2019-02-07
Gasparini, Z.; Iturralde Vinent, M. (2001), "Metriorhynchid crocodiles (Crocodyliformes) from the Oxfordian of Western Cuba", Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte, 2001 (9): 534–542, doi:10.1127/njgpm/2001/2001/534, retrieved 2019-02-07
Iturralde Vinent, Manuel; Norell, Mark A. (1996), "Synopsis of Late Jurassic Marine Reptiles from Cuba" (PDF), American Museum Novitates, American Museum of Natural History: 1–17, retrieved 2019-02-07