Judicial appointment history for United States federal courts
The appointment of federal judges for United States federal courts is done via nomination by the President of the United States and confirmation by the United States Senate. The tables below provide the composition of all Article III courts which include the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeals at the end of each four year presidential term, as well as the current compositions of the District Courts and the Court of International Trade, categorizing the judges by the presidential term during which they were first appointed to their seats.
As of June 30, 2022, of the 9 justices of the Supreme Court, 6 were appointed by a Republican president, and 3 were appointed by a Democratic president.[1][2][3]
As of December 20, 2024, of the 179 Courts of Appeals judges, 89 were appointed by Republican presidents, and 88 by Democratic presidents. Out of the 13 federal appeals courts, Democratic appointees have a majority on 7 courts, whereas Republican appointees have a majority on 6 courts.[4]
As of December 20, 2024, of the 679 district court judges, 386 were appointed by Democratic presidents compared to 260 by Republican ones. Within the individual circuit jurisdictions, Democratic presidents have appointed majorities in 8 circuits while Republican presidents have appointed a majority in 4 circuits.[5][6]
The party of the president who appointed a judge is generally a consistent indicator of that judge's judicial philosophy and place on the political spectrum, especially in modern times, although there are cases where judges stray from their appointers.[7] Federal judges often strategically time their retirement so as to give the president of the same party that first appointed them an opportunity to nominate the successor.[8][9][10][11]
Acronym key
[edit]| Acronym | President | Term | Date range |
|---|---|---|---|
| JRB | Joe Biden | current | January 20, 2021 - present |
| DJT 1 | Donald Trump | first | January 20, 2017 - January 20, 2021 |
| BHO 2 | Barack Obama | second | January 20, 2013 - January 20, 2017 |
| BHO 1 | Barack Obama | first | January 20, 2009 - January 20, 2013 |
| GWB 2 | George W. Bush | second | January 20, 2005 - January 20, 2009 |
| GWB 1 | George W. Bush | first | January 20, 2001 - January 20, 2005 |
| WJC 2 | Bill Clinton | second | January 20, 1997 - January 20, 2001 |
| WJC 1 | Bill Clinton | first | January 20, 1993 - January 20, 1997 |
| GHWB | George H. W. Bush | only | January 20, 1989 - January 20, 1993 |
| RWR 2 | Ronald Reagan | second | January 20, 1985 - January 20, 1989 |
| RWR 1 | Ronald Reagan | first | January 20, 1981 - January 20, 1985 |
| JEC | Jimmy Carter | only | January 20, 1977 - January 20, 1981 |
| RMN/GRF | Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford | split | January 20, 1973 - January 20, 1977 |
| RMN 1 | Richard Nixon | first | January 20, 1969 - January 20, 1973 |
| LBJ 2 | Lyndon B. Johnson | second | January 20, 1965 - January 20, 1969 |
| JFK/LBJ | John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson | split | January 20, 1961 - January 20, 1965 |
| DDE 2 | Dwight Eisenhower | second | January 20, 1957 - January 20, 1961 |
| DDE 1 | Dwight Eisenhower | first | January 20, 1953 - January 20, 1957 |
| HST 2 | Harry Truman | second | January 20, 1949 - January 20, 1953 |
| FDR/HST | Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman | split | January 20, 1945 - January 20, 1949 |
| FDR 3 | Franklin Roosevelt | third | January 20, 1941 - January 20, 1945 |
| FDR 2 | Franklin Roosevelt | second | January 20, 1937 - January 20, 1941 |
| FDR 1 | Franklin Roosevelt | first | March 4, 1933 - January 20, 1937 |
| HCH | Herbert Hoover | only | March 4, 1929 - March 4, 1933 |
| JCC 2 | Calvin Coolidge | second | March 4, 1925 - March 4, 1929 |
| WGH/JCC | Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge | split | March 4, 1921 - March 4, 1925 |
| TWW 2 | Woodrow Wilson | second | March 4, 1917 - March 4, 1921 |
| TWW 1 | Woodrow Wilson | first | March 4, 1913 - March 4, 1917 |
| WHT | William Howard Taft | only | March 4, 1909 - March 4, 1913 |
| TR 2 | Theodore Roosevelt | second | March 4, 1905 - March 4, 1909 |
| WMK/TR | William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt | split | March 4, 1901 - March 4, 1905 |
| WMK 1 | William McKinley | first | March 4, 1897 - March 4, 1901 |
| SGC 2 | Grover Cleveland | second | March 4, 1893 - March 4, 1897 |
| BH | Benjamin Harrison | only | March 4, 1889 - March 4, 1893 |
| SGC 1 | Grover Cleveland | first | March 4, 1885 - March 4, 1889 |
| JAG/CAA | James A. Garfield and Chester A. Arthur | split | March 4, 1881 - March 4, 1885 |
| RBH | Rutherford B. Hayes | only | March 4, 1877 - March 4, 1881 |
| USG 2 | Ulysses S. Grant | second | March 4, 1873 - March 4, 1877 |
| USG 1 | Ulysses S. Grant | first | March 4, 1869 - March 4, 1873 |
| AL/AJ | Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson | split | March 4, 1865 - March 4, 1869 |
| AL 1 | Abraham Lincoln | first | March 4, 1861 - March 4, 1865 |
Supreme Court
[edit]The Supreme Court of the United States was established by the Constitution of the United States. Originally, the Judiciary Act of 1789 set the number of justices at six. However, as the nation's boundaries grew across the continent and as Supreme Court justices in those days had to ride the circuit, an arduous process requiring long travel on horseback or carriage over harsh terrain that resulted in months-long extended stays away from home, Congress added justices to correspond with the growth: seven in 1807, nine in 1837, and ten in 1863.[12][13] The Judicial Circuits Act of 1866 then set the number to gradually be reduced to seven through the retirement or death of current associate justices. The court was down to eight when the Judiciary Act of 1869 restored the number to nine.
As of April 7, 2022[update]:[3]
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
DDE 2 |
DDE 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | 1 | 3 | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | 3 | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 9 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 9 | 8 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — |
| 1989 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 |
| 1985 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 |
| 1981 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
DDE 2 |
DDE 1 |
HST 2 |
FDR /HST |
FDR 3 |
FDR 2 |
FDR 1 |
HCH | JCC 2 |
WGH /JCC |
TWW 2 |
TWW 1 |
WHT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1977 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1973 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1969 | 9 | 4 | 5 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1965 | 9 | 4 | 5 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1961 | 9 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1957 | 9 | 3 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1953 | 9 | 0 | 9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1949 | 9 | 0 | 9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1945 | 9 | 2 | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 5 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1941 | 9 | 3 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — |
| 1937 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 2 | 1 |
| 1933 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 2 | 1 |
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JCC 2 |
WGH /JCC |
TWW 2 |
TWW 1 |
WHT | TR 2 |
WMK /TR |
WMK 1 |
SGC 2 |
BH | SGC 1 |
JAG /CAA |
RBH | USG 2 |
USG 1 |
AL /AJ |
AL 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1929 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | 1 | 4 | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1925 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | 4 | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1921 | 9 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1917 | 9 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1913 | 9 | 8 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1909 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1905 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1901 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1897 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| 1893 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| 1889 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 2 |
| 1885 | 9 | 9 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 |
Courts of appeals
[edit]The United States courts of appeals were established by the Judiciary Act of 1891 as "United States circuit courts of appeals" (the name was changed to its current form in 1948). The act authorized 19 appellate judgeships in 9 circuits. Since then, the number of authorized appellate judgeships has increased to 179.[14]
Summary of 13 circuits combined
[edit]As of November 18, 2024[update]:[15]
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
DDE 2 |
DDE 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 179 | 89 | 88 | 2 | 44 | 53 | 22 | 13 | 16 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 179 | 96 | 81 | 2 | — | 53 | 24 | 26 | 17 | 15 | 17 | 14 | 5 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 179 | 72 | 90 | 17 | — | — | 25 | 28 | 23 | 26 | 22 | 14 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 179 | 84 | 78 | 17 | — | — | — | 30 | 24 | 30 | 26 | 17 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009* | 178 | 100 | 66 | 12 | — | — | — | — | 24 | 32 | 34 | 25 | 21 | 15 | 7 | 7 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 179 | 94 | 69 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — | 35 | 35 | 25 | 29 | 20 | 8 | 9 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 179 | 76 | 78 | 25 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 35 | 29 | 35 | 28 | 11 | 14 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 179 | 105 | 53 | 21 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 29 | 40 | 45 | 14 | 22 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — |
| 1993 | 179 | 119 | 42 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 40 | 50 | 20 | 40 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — |
| 1989 | 168 | 96 | 62 | 10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 50 | 26 | 53 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 168 | 66 | 76 | 26 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 33 | 57 | 15 | 17 | 14 | 5 | 1 | — |
| 1981 | 140 | 50 | 86 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 59 | 16 | 30 | 19 | 8 | 2 | 1 |
- There were temporarily 178 appellate federal judgeships, due to the elimination of a 12th seat on the D.C. Circuit by Section 509 of the Court Security Improvement Act of 2007.[16] That Act also provided for the creation of a 29th seat on the Ninth Circuit in January 2009 which increased the number of authorized appellate judgeships back to 179.
As of October 31, 2024[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
DDE 2 |
DDE 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 100% | 50% | 49% | 1% | 24% | 30% | 12% | 7% | 9% | 6% | 4% | 1% | 2% | 2% | 1% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 100% | 54% | 45% | 1% | — | 30% | 13% | 15% | 9% | 8% | 9% | 8% | 3% | 2% | 1% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 100% | 40% | 50% | 9% | — | — | 14% | 16% | 13% | 15% | 12% | 8% | 5% | 4% | 3% | 1% | 1% | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 100% | 47% | 44% | 9% | — | — | — | 17% | 13% | 17% | 15% | 9% | 7% | 6% | 4% | 3% | 1% | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 100% | 56% | 37% | 7% | — | — | — | — | 13% | 18% | 19% | 14% | 12% | 8% | 4% | 4% | 1% | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 100% | 53% | 39% | 9% | — | — | — | — | — | 20% | 20% | 14% | 16% | 11% | 4% | 5% | 1% | 1% | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 100% | 42% | 44% | 14% | — | — | — | — | — | — | 20% | 16% | 20% | 16% | 6% | 8% | 1% | 1% | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 100% | 59% | 30% | 12% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 16% | 22% | 25% | 8% | 12% | 2% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 1% | — |
| 1993 | 100% | 67% | 23% | 10% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 22% | 28% | 11% | 22% | 3% | 2% | 1% | 1% | 1% | — |
| 1989 | 100% | 57% | 37% | 6% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30% | 16% | 32% | 5% | 6% | 5% | 1% | 1% | — |
| 1985 | 100% | 39% | 45% | 16% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 20% | 34% | 9% | 10% | 8% | 3% | 1% | — |
| 1981 | 100% | 36% | 61% | 3% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 42% | 11% | 21% | 14% | 6% | 1% | 1% |
Partisan mix of the circuit courts
[edit]As of November 18, 2024[update]:
| Appeals Court |
Total number of seats | Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Republicans |
Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Democrats |
Republican/ Democrat/ vacant |
Percentage of total seats appointed by Republicans |
Percentage of total seats appointed by Democrats |
Percentage of total seats currently vacant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 6 | 0% | 100% | 0 / 5 / 1 | 0% | 83% | 17% |
| 2nd | 13 | 46% | 54% | 6 / 7 / 0 | 46% | 54% | 0% |
| 3rd | 14 | 54% | 46% | 7 / 6 / 1 | 50% | 43% | 7% |
| 4th | 15 | 40% | 60% | 6 / 9 / 0 | 40% | 60% | 0% |
| 5th | 17 | 71% | 29% | 12 / 5 / 0 | 71% | 29% | 0% |
| 6th | 16 | 56% | 44% | 9 / 7 / 0 | 56% | 44% | 0% |
| 7th | 11 | 55% | 45% | 6 / 5 / 0 | 55% | 45% | 0% |
| 8th | 11 | 91% | 9% | 10 / 1 / 0 | 91% | 9% | 0% |
| 9th | 29 | 45% | 55% | 13 / 16 / 0 | 45% | 55% | 0% |
| 10th | 12 | 42% | 58% | 5 / 7 / 0 | 42% | 58% | 0% |
| 11th | 12 | 58% | 42% | 7 / 5 / 0 | 58% | 42% | 0% |
| D.C. | 11 | 36% | 64% | 4 / 7 / 0 | 36% | 64% | 0% |
| Federal | 12 | 33% | 67% | 4 / 8 / 0 | 33% | 67% | 0% |
| Total of 13 circuits | 179 | 50% | 50% | 89 / 88 / 2 | 50% | 49% | 1% |
First Circuit
[edit]as of October 31, 2024[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 6 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 4 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 6 | 2 | 4 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 6 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 6 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 6 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 6 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 6 | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 |
| 1985 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 |
| 1981 | 4 | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | 1 |
Second Circuit
[edit]as of March 9, 2023[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 13 | 6 | 7 | — | 6 | 5 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 13 | 7 | 6 | — | — | 5 | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 13 | 4 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 13 | 5 | 8 | — | — | — | — | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 13 | 6 | 6 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 13 | 6 | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 5 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 13 | 2 | 10 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 4 | 2 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 13 | 5 | 6 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 13 | 10 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 13 | 9 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 13 | 7 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1981 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 |
Third Circuit
[edit]as of June 15, 2023[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 14 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 14 | 8 | 6 | — | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 14 | 5 | 7 | 2 | — | — | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 14 | 6 | 7 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 14 | 6 | 6 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 14 | 7 | 6 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 14 | 6 | 6 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 14 | 11 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 14 | 11 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 7 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 12 | 9 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 |
| 1985 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 |
| 1981 | 10 | 6 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 5 | 2 |
Fourth Circuit
[edit]as of March 19, 2024[ref]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
DDE 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 15 | 6 | 9 | — | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | — | 2 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 15 | 6 | 9 | — | — | 3 | 1 | 5 | 1 | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 15 | 5 | 10 | — | — | — | 1 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 15 | 5 | 10 | — | — | — | — | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 15 | 6 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 15 | 6 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 15 | 9 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 15 | 9 | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 11 | 6 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — |
| 1985 | 11 | 6 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — |
| 1981 | 10 | 4 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | 1 |
- Roger Gregory, who was given a one-year recess appointment in Bill Clinton's second term and was subsequently given a lifetime appointment in George W. Bush's first term, is counted as a Clinton appointee on this page.
Fifth Circuit
[edit]as of December 4, 2023[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
DDE 2 |
DDE 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 17 | 12 | 5 | — | 2 | 6 | — | 2 | 4 | — | — | 1 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 17 | 12 | 5 | — | — | 6 | 1 | 2 | 4 | — | — | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 17 | 9 | 5 | 3 | — | — | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | — | 2 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 17 | 10 | 5 | 2 | — | — | — | 2 | 4 | 2 | — | 2 | — | 2 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 17 | 13 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 2 | — | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 17 | 11 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | — | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 17 | 9 | 5 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 17 | 11 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 17 | 11 | 2 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 16 | 9 | 6 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1985 | 16 | 7 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 7 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1981 | 14 | 3 | 10 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 8 | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 1 |
- The 5th Circuit judges who were transferred to the 11th Circuit in late 1981 are not included in the 5th Circuit numbers for 1981 for trend comparison purposes.
Sixth Circuit
[edit]as of September 16, 2023[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
DDE 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 16 | 9 | 7 | — | 4 | 6 | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 16 | 11 | 5 | — | — | 6 | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 16 | 10 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 16 | 10 | 6 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 16 | 10 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 16 | 6 | 6 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 16 | 5 | 7 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 16 | 7 | 6 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | 4 | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 16 | 9 | 5 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 5 | 1 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 16 | 10 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1985 | 16 | 6 | 6 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 5 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| 1981 | 11 | 3 | 7 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 |
Seventh Circuit
[edit]as of July 8, 2024[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 11 | 6 | 5 | — | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 11 | 8 | 2 | 1 | — | 4 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 11 | 8 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 11 | 8 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 11 | 8 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | — | — | — | 1 | — |
| 1993 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| 1989 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 11 | 6 | 2 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — |
| 1981 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Eighth Circuit
[edit]as of January 27, 2023[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 11 | 10 | 1 | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | 4 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 11 | 10 | 1 | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | 4 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 11 | 8 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 5 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 11 | 8 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | 2 | — | — | 1 |
| 1985 | 10 | 4 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | — | 1 | 3 |
| 1981 | 9 | 3 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Ninth Circuit
[edit]as of November 13, 2023[ref]:[17]
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 29 | 13 | 16 | — | 8 | 10 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 29 | 13 | 16 | — | — | 10 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 29 | 7 | 18 | 4 | — | — | 2 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 9 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 29 | 9 | 19 | 1 | — | — | — | 5 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 1 | — | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 28 | 11 | 16 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | 3 | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 28 | 8 | 16 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | 3 | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 28 | 7 | 18 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | — | 4 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 28 | 11 | 9 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | 7 | — | 5 | — | — | — | 1 |
| 1993 | 28 | 15 | 12 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 7 | 3 | 11 | — | 1 | — | 1 |
| 1989 | 28 | 12 | 13 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 3 | 12 | — | 2 | — | 1 |
| 1985 | 28 | 8 | 16 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 15 | 3 | 2 | — | 1 |
| 1981 | 23 | 7 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15 | 3 | 4 | — | 1 |
Tenth Circuit
[edit]As of December 11, 2023[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 12 | 5 | 7 | — | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 12 | 5 | 7 | — | — | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 12 | 5 | 7 | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 12 | 6 | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 12 | 8 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 4 | — | 4 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 12 | 5 | 5 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 4 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 6 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 12 | 7 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 6 | — | 3 | — | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 10 | 6 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | — | 3 | — | — | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 10 | 1 | 4 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | — | 1 | 1 | — |
| 1981 | 8 | 3 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | — | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Eleventh Circuit
[edit]As of November 18, 2024[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | 2 | 6 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | 6 | 2 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 12 | 3 | 8 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 2 | — | 1 | 3 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| 2013 | 12 | 4 | 6 | 2 | — | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| 2009 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — |
| 2005 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — |
| 2001 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — |
| 1997 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 4 | 2 | — | 1 | 2 | — | — |
| 1993 | 12 | 8 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 2 | — | 3 | 2 | — | — |
| 1989 | 12 | 6 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | — | 6 | 3 | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 12 | 4 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| 1981 | 12 | 4 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
- The 11th Circuit was created in 1981. The judges that were transferred from the 5th Circuit to the 11th Circuit are shown in 1981 for trend comparison purposes.
D.C. Circuit
[edit]as of May 15, 2023[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 11 | 4 | 7 | — | 3 | 3 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 11 | 4 | 7 | — | — | 3 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 11 | 4 | 7 | — | — | — | 4 | — | 3 | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | — | 3 | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 3 | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 4 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 12 | 7 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 5 | — | 4 | — | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 1 | 4 | — | — | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 12 | 3 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | — | — | 2 | 1 |
| 1981 | 11 | 3 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | — | 3 | 2 | 2 |
Federal Circuit
[edit]as of March 16, 2022[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN 1 |
LBJ 2 |
JFK /LBJ |
DDE 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 12 | 4 | 8 | — | 2 | — | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 12 | 4 | 8 | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 12 | 4 | 8 | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 3 | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 12 | 8 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 12 | 8 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 12 | 7 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 5 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| 1993 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| 1989 | 12 | 7 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 3 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| 1985 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1981 | 11 | 6 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
- The Federal Circuit was created in 1982. The judges from the courts that were combined into the Federal Circuit are shown in 1981 for trend comparison purposes.
District courts
[edit]Summary of 91 district courts
[edit]as of December 20, 2024[update]:[15]
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
JEC | RMN /GRF |
RMN | LBJ 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 679 | 260 | 386 | 33 | 181 | 170 | 110 | 78 | 42 | 38 | 10 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 678 | 318 | 317 | 43 | — | 173 | 124 | 136 | 64 | 64 | 34 | 22 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 678 | 242 | 347 | 89 | — | — | 126 | 138 | 87 | 120 | 47 | 33 | 18 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 |
| 2013 | 679 | 324 | 290 | 65 | — | — | — | 141 | 89 | 154 | 80 | 63 | 47 | 24 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2009 | 680 | 373 | 267 | 40 | — | — | — | — | 93 | 162 | 129 | 126 | 69 | 35 | 12 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2005 | 680 | 350 | 309 | 21 | — | — | — | — | — | 169 | 134 | 152 | 98 | 56 | 22 | 22 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| 2001 | 669 | 271 | 340 | 58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 136 | 167 | 133 | 91 | 39 | 36 | 5 | 3 | 1 |
- Congress has authorized 680 district judgeships including 676 Article III judgeships for the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico plus 4 Article IV judgeships for Guam, Northern Marianas, and the Virgin Islands. The 676 Article III judgeships include 666 permanent and 10 temporary judgeships.[18]
- However, the number of total authorized Article III District Judge positions is currently higher than 676 (681 in 2023) because four judges are authorized to serve a collective five additional judicial districts: one two-District (Trump-nominated) Judge in the Sixth, two two-District (one vacant & one Obama-nominated) Judges in the Eighth and one three-district (Trump-nominated) Judge in the Tenth Circuit – see individual districts below for more details.
- As of December 11, 2024, the senate has confirmed four Biden judges that would ultimately replace current judges that have announced their future retirement or going senior date. Two of those retiring judges were appointed by Democratic presidents. Those changes are reflected in the summary above. Two judges were appointed by GWB and will retire on Jan 1, 2025 for Rhode Island and Jan 17, 2025 for GA-N respectively. Those two positions are not reflected in the numbers above yet. Hence the count above is off by two for Biden and democrats as of December 11, 2024.
Partisan mix of the district courts
[edit]as of December 20, 2024[update]:
| District courts under the appeals court |
Total number of seats |
Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Republicans |
Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Democrats |
Republican/ Democrat/ vacant |
Percentage of total seats appointed by Republicans |
Percentage of total seats appointed by Democrats |
Percentage of total seats currently vacant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 29 | 31% | 69% | 9 / 20 / 0 | 31% | 69% | 0% |
| 2nd | 62 | 19% | 81% | 12 / 50 / 0 | 19% | 81% | 0% |
| 3rd | 59 | 37% | 63% | 22 / 37 / 0 | 37% | 63% | 0% |
| 4th | 56 | 43% | 57% | 22 / 31/ 3 | 40% | 55% | 5% |
| 5th | 83 | 61% | 39% | 44 / 28 / 11 | 52% | 34% | 14% |
| 6th | 63 | 56% | 44% | 34 / 27 / 2 | 54% | 43% | 3% |
| 7th | 48 | 36% | 64% | 17 / 30 / 1 | 36% | 63% | 2% |
| 8th | 44 | 37% | 63% | 14 / 24 / 6 | 32% | 54% | 14% |
| 9th | 110 | 18% | 82% | 20 / 87/ 3 | 18% | 79% | 3% |
| 10th | 41 | 55% | 45% | 22 / 18 / 1 | 54% | 44% | 2% |
| 11th | 69 | 63% | 37% | 40 / 23 / 6 | 58% | 33% | 9% |
| D.C. | 15 | 27% | 73% | 4 / 11 / 0 | 27% | 73% | 0% |
| Total of 91 District Courts | 679 | 40% | 60% | 260/ 386/ 33 | 39% | 56% | 5% |
District courts in the First Circuit
[edit]As of December 2, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Maine | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Massachusetts | 13 | 2 | 11 | — | 5 | — | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 |
| D. of New Hampshire | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Puerto Rico | 7 | 3 | 4 | — | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Rhode Island | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| Total | 29 | 9 | 20 | — | 10 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 |
District courts in the Second Circuit
[edit]as of December 4, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Connecticut | 8 | 1 | 7 | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of New York | 15 | 4 | 11 | — | 7 | 4 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of New York | 5 | — | 5 | — | 3 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of New York | 28 | 6 | 22 | — | 7 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| W.D. of New York | 4 | 1 | 3 | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Vermont | 2 | — | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| Total | 62 | 12 | 50 | 0 | 23 | 10 | 14 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
District courts in the Third Circuit
[edit]as of December 10, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Delaware | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| D. of New Jersey | 17 | 2 | 15 | — | 10 | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | — |
| E.D. of Pennsylvania | 22 | 8 | 14 | — | 7 | 5 | 7 | — | 1 | 2 |
| M.D. of Pennsylvania | 6 | 2 | 4 | — | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 |
| W.D. of Pennsylvania | 10 | 8 | 2 | — | — | 8 | — | 2 | — | — |
| Total | 59 | 22 | 37 | — | 22 | 16 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 3 |
District courts in the Fourth Circuit
[edit]As of December 1, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Maryland | 10 | 1 | 9 | — | 6 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of North Carolina | 4 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| M.D. of North Carolina | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| W.D. of North Carolina | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of South Carolina | 10 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| E.D. of Virginia | 11 | 4 | 7 | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| W.D. of Virginia | 4 | 1 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of West Virginia | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of West Virginia | 5 | 2 | 3 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| Total | 56 | 22 | 31 | 3 | 13 | 12 | 6 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 |
District courts in the Fifth Circuit
[edit]As of December 1, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
RWR 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E.D. of Louisiana | 12 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | — | 3 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| M.D. of Louisiana | 3 | — | 3 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| W.D. of Louisiana | 7 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Mississippi | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Mississippi | 6 | 5 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 1 | — |
| E.D. of Texas | 8 | 5 | 3 | — | — | 4 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Texas | 12 | 10 | 1 | 1 | — | 6 | — | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Texas | 19 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| W.D. of Texas | 13 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 3 | — | 2 | — | — | — |
| Total | 83 | 44 | 28 | 11 | 6 | 27 | 9 | 9 | 4 | 11 | 2 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 |
District courts in the Sixth Circuit
[edit]As of April 9, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E.D. of Kentucky | 6 | 6 | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | 1 | 3 | — | — |
| W.D. of Kentucky | 5 | 3 | 2 | — | — | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of Michigan | 15 | 3 | 12 | — | 6 | — | 4 | 2 | 3 | — | — | — |
| W.D. of Michigan | 4 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Ohio | 11 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — |
| S.D. of Ohio | 8 | 5 | 3 | — | 1 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| E.D. of Tennessee | 5 | 4 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| M.D. of Tennessee | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — |
| W.D. of Tennessee | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| Total | 63 | 34 | 27 | 2 | 11 | 20 | 9 | 4 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
Note: Judge Claria Horn Boom (Trump appointee) currently serves both the Eastern & Western Districts of Kentucky
District courts in the Seventh Circuit
[edit]As of November 13, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C.D. of Illinois | 4 | — | 4 | — | 2 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Illinois | 23 | 8 | 15 | — | 7 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Illinois | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Indiana | 5 | 3 | 2 | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | – | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Indiana | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of Wisconsin | 5 | 2 | 3 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| W.D. of Wisconsin | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Total | 48 | 17 | 30 | 1 | 13 | 13 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 |
District courts in the Eighth Circuit
[edit]As of September 12, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E.D. of Arkansas | 5 | 2 | 3 | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — |
| W.D. of Arkansas | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — |
| N.D. of Iowa | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Iowa | 3 | — | 3 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — |
| D. Minnesota | 7 | 3 | 4 | — | 4 | 2 | — | — | 1 | — |
| E.D. of Missouri | 9 | 4 | 1 | 4 | — | 3 | — | 1 | — | 1 |
| W.D. of Missouri | 7 | 1 | 5 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 2 | 1 | — |
| D. of Nebraska | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| D. of North Dakota | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| D. of South Dakota | 3 | — | 3 | — | 2 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Total | 44 | 14 | 24 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 1 |
Note: Currently there is a vacant seat that serves both the Eastern & Western Districts of Missouri. Judge Brian Wimes (Obama appointee) also currently serves in both the Eastern & Western Districts of Missouri.
District courts in the Ninth Circuit
[edit]As of December 20, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Alaska | 3 | — | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Arizona | 13 | 5 | 8 | — | 3 | 5 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| C.D. of California | 28 | 9 | 19 | — | 12 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| E.D. of California | 6 | — | 6 | — | 4 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of California | 14 | — | 14 | — | 7 | — | 5 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of California | 13 | 3 | 9 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Hawaii | 4 | 1 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Idaho | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Montana | 3 | — | 3 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Nevada | 7 | — | 7 | — | 2 | — | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Oregon | 6 | 1 | 5 | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of Washington | 4 | — | 4 | — | 2 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| W.D. of Washington | 7 | — | 7 | — | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Total | 110 | 20 | 87 | 3 | 50 | 13 | 21 | 15 | 2 | 4 | 1 | — | — | 1 |
District courts in the Tenth Circuit
[edit]As of December 5, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB | RWR 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Colorado | 7 | 2 | 5 | — | 5 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Kansas | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | — | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of New Mexico | 7 | 2 | 5 | — | 4 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of Oklahoma | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Oklahoma | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| W.D. of Oklahoma | 7 | 7 | — | — | — | 6 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Utah | 5 | 2 | 3 | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Wyoming | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Total | 41 | 22 | 18 | 1 | 13 | 15 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 |
Note: Judge John Heil III (Trump appointee) currently serves on the Eastern, Northern, & Western Districts of Oklahoma
District courts in the Eleventh Circuit
[edit]As of December 9, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
WJC 2 |
WJC 1 |
GHWB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M.D. of Alabama | 3 | 2 | — | 1 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Alabama | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | — | 4 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Alabama | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| M.D. of Florida | 15 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 3 | — | 2 | — | — | — | 1 |
| N.D. of Florida | 4 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Florida | 18 | 8 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 1 | — | 2 | 2 | — | 1 |
| M.D. of Georgia | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Georgia | 11 | 5 | 6 | — | 3 | 4 | 3 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Georgia | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| Total | 69 | 40 | 23 | 6 | 7 | 26 | 11 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 2 | — | 2 |
District court in the D.C. Circuit
[edit]As of December 3, 2024[update]:
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Columbia | 15 | 4 | 11 | — | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
| Total | 15 | 4 | 11 | — | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
United States Court of International Trade
[edit]The United States Court of International Trade is an Article III court, with full powers in law and equity, established by the Customs Court Act of 1980 to replace the United States Customs Court.
As of February 5, 2024[update]:
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans |
Appointed by Democrats |
Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 |
BHO 1 |
GWB 2 |
GWB 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 9 | 3 | 6 | — | 2 | 3 | 4 | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 1 | — | 3 | 4 | — | — | 1 |
See also
[edit]- United States federal judge
- List of current United States circuit judges
- List of current United States district judges
- List of presidents of the United States by judicial appointments
References
[edit]- ^ "It took conservatives 50 years to get a reliable majority on the Supreme Court. Here are 3 reasons why". www.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
- ^ "Kavanaugh Confirmation Solidifies Supreme Court Tilt to the Right". www.rollcall.com. 6 October 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
- ^ a b "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 117th Congress - 2nd Session". www.senate.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-15.
- ^ "Circuit Status". news.bloomberglaw.com. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
- ^ "How Trump is shifting the most important courts in the country". www.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
- ^ "With another Supreme Court pick, Trump is leaving his mark on higher federal courts". www.pewresearch.org. 16 July 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
- ^ "Justices tend to agree with presidents that pick them — but stray later". www.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
- ^ Stolzenberg, Ross M.; Lindgren, James (2022). "Judges as Party Animals: Retirement Timing by Federal Judges and Party Control of Judicial Appointments". American Sociological Review. 87 (4): 675–697. doi:10.1177/00031224221102072. ISSN 0003-1224. S2CID 233649566.
- ^ Chen, Daniel L.; Reinhart, Eric (2022-02-19). "The Disavowal of Decisionism: Politically Motivated Exits from the U.S. Courts of Appeals". SSRN. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2816253. S2CID 157951217. SSRN 2816253.
- ^ Nixon, David C.; Haskin, J. David (2000). "Judicial Retirement Strategies: The Judge's Role in Influencing Party Control of the Appellate Courts". American Politics Quarterly. 28 (4): 458–489. doi:10.1177/1532673X00028004002. ISSN 0044-7803. S2CID 35805961.
- ^ Spriggs, James F; Wahlbeck, Paul J. (1995). "Calling It Quits: Strategic Retirement on the Federal Courts of Appeals, 1893-1991". Political Research Quarterly. 48 (3): 573–597. doi:10.1177/106591299504800306. ISSN 1065-9129. S2CID 153375332.
- ^ Federal Judiciary Act (1789), National Archives and Records Administration, retrieved September 12, 2017
- ^ "Judges on Horseback" (PDF). U.S. Courts Library - 8th Circuit. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 3, 2020. Retrieved April 4, 2021.
- ^
- ^ a b "Judgeship Appointments By President". United States Courts. Retrieved February 24, 2023.
- ^ "Text of H.R. 660 (110th): Court Security Improvement Act of 2007 (Passed Congress/Enrolled Bill version) - GovTrack.us". GovTrack.us.
- ^ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 117th Congress - 2nd Session". www.senate.gov. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
- ^ Federal Judgeships, United States Courts.
External links
[edit]- "Current Judicial Vacancies". US courts.com. 2023-12-06.
- Ideological Voting on Federal Courts of Appeals
- Summary of Judicial Vacancies
- Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, 1789-Present
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| Note | American Samoa does not have a district court or federal territorial court; federal matters there go to the District of Columbia, Hawaii, or its own Supreme Court. |