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List of heirs to the Spanish throne

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of the individuals who were, at any given time, considered the next in line to inherit the throne of Spain, should the incumbent monarch die. Those who actually succeeded (at any future time) are shown in bold.

From the personal union of the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon until the accession of the first Bourbon monarch in 1700, the heir to the Spanish throne was the person closest to the Spanish monarch according to the male-preference cognatic primogeniture. From the accession of Philip V until the Pragmatic Sanction of 1830, the heir to the Spanish throne was the person closest to the Spanish monarch according to the Salic law.[1] The heir, whether heir apparent or heir presumptive, was often granted the title of Prince of Asturias.

Significant breaks in the succession, where the designated heir did not in fact succeed (due to usurpation, conquest, revolution, or lack of heirs) are shown as breaks in the table below.

Heirs to the Spanish throne
House of Trastámara (1516–1555) and House of Habsburg (1516–1700)
Monarch Heir Relationship
to monarch
Became heir
(Date; Reason)
Ceased to be heir
(Date; Reason)
Next in line of succession
Juana I King Carlos I Son 14 March 1516
Became joint monarch
with his mother
12 April 1555
Mother died, became sole monarch
Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria, 1516–1527, brother
Felipe, Prince of Asturias, 1527–1555, son
Carlos I Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria Brother 14 March 1516
Brother became joint monarch
with their mother
21 May 1527
Son born to king
Leonor, Queen Dowager of Portugal, 1516–1526, sister
Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria, 1526–1527, daughter
Felipe, Prince of Asturias Son 21 May 1527
Born
16 January 1556
Father abdicated, became king
Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria, 1527–1528, uncle
Infanta María, 1528–1529, sister
Infante Fernando, 1529–1530, brother
Infanta María, 1530–1537, sister
Infante Juan, 1537–1538, brother
Infanta María, 1538–1545, sister
Infante Carlos, 1545–1556, son
Felipe II Carlos, Prince of Asturias Son 16 January 1556
Father became king
24 July 1568
Died
María, Holy Roman Empress, 1556–1566, aunt
Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia, 1566–1568, half-sister
Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia Daughter 24 July 1568
Half-brother died
4 December 1571
Son born to king
Infanta Catalina Micaela, sister
Fernando, Prince of Asturias Son 4 December 1571
Born
18 October 1578
Died
Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia, 1571–1573, half-sister
Infante Carlos Lorenzo, 1573–1575, brother
Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia, 1575, half-sister
Infante Diego, 1575–1578, brother
Diego, Prince of Asturias Son 18 October 1578
Brother died
21 November 1582
Died
Infante Felipe, brother
Felipe, Prince of Asturias Son 21 November 1582
Brother died
13 September 1598
Father died, became king
Isabel Clara Eugenia, Co-Sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands, half-sister
Felipe III Isabel Clara Eugenia, Co-Sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands Half-sister 13 September 1598
Half-brother became king
22 September 1601
Daughter born to king
Filippo Emanuele, Prince of Piedmont, nephew
Infanta Ana Daughter 22 September 1601
Born
8 April 1605
Son born to king
Isabel Clara Eugenia, Co-Sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands, 1601–1603, aunt
Infanta María, 1603, sister
Isabel Clara Eugenia, Co-Sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands, 1603–1605, aunt
Felipe, Prince of Asturias Son 8 April 1605
Born
31 March 1621
Father died, became king
Infanta Ana, 1605–1607, sister
Infante Carlos, 1607–1621, brother
Felipe IV Infante Carlos Brother 31 March 1621
Brother became king
14 August 1621
Daughter born to king
Cardinal-Infante Fernando, brother
Infanta María Margarita Daughter 14 August 1621
Born
15 August 1621
Died
Infante Carlos, uncle
Infante Carlos Brother 15 August 1621
Niece died
25 November 1623
Daughter born to king
Cardinal-Infante Fernando, brother
Infanta Margarita María Catalina Daughter 25 November 1623
Born
22 December 1623
Died
Infante Carlos, uncle
Infante Carlos Brother 22 December 1623
Niece died
21 November 1625
Daughter born to king
Cardinal-Infante Fernando, brother
Infanta María Eugenia Daughter 21 November 1625
Born
21 July 1627
Died
Infante Carlos, uncle
Infante Carlos Brother 21 July 1627
Niece died
31 October 1627
Daughter born to king
Cardinal-Infante Fernando, brother
Infanta Isabel María Teresa Daughter 31 October 1627
Born
1 November 1627
Died
Infante Carlos, uncle
Infante Carlos Brother 1 November 1627
Niece died
17 October 1629
Son born to king
Cardinal-Infante Fernando, brother
Baltasar Carlos, Prince of Asturias Son 17 October 1629
Born
9 October 1646
Died
Infante Carlos, 1629–1632, uncle
Cardinal-Infante Fernando, 1632–1634, uncle
Infante Francisco Fernando, 1634, brother
Cardinal-Infante Fernando, 1634–1636, uncle
Infanta María Ana Antonia, 1636, sister
Cardinal-Infante Fernando, 1636–1638, uncle
Infanta María Teresa, 1638–1646, sister
Infanta María Teresa Daughter 9 October 1646
Brother died
28 November 1657
Son born to king
Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans, 1646–1651, first cousin
Infanta Margarita Teresa, 1651–1657, half-sister
Felipe Próspero, Prince of Asturias Son 28 November 1657
Born
1 November 1661
Died
Infanta María Teresa, 1657–1658, half-sister
Infante Fernando Tomás Carlos, 1658–1659, brother
Infanta María Teresa, 1659–1660, half-sister
Succession uncertain[a], 1660–1661
Succession uncertain, 1–6 Nov 1661
Carlos, Prince of Asturias Son 6 November 1661
Born
17 September 1665
Father died, became king
Succession uncertain
[b]
Carlos II María Teresa, Queen of France Half-sister 17 September 1665
Half-brother became king
30 July 1683
Died
Louis, Dauphin of France, son
Louis, Dauphin of France Nephew 30 July 1683
Mother died
2 October 1700
Renounced claim to the throne
together with eldest son
Louis, Duke of Burgundy, son
Philippe, Duke of Anjou Grandnephew 2 October 1700
Father and brother renounced
1 November 1700
Granduncle died, became king
on 16 November
Charles, Duke of Berry, brother
Margarita Teresa, Holy Roman Empress Sister 17 September 1665
Brother became king
12 March 1673
Died
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, 1665–1667, first cousin[2]
Archduke Ferdinand Wenzel of Austria, 1667–1668, son
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, 1668–1669, first cousin[3]
Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria, 1669–1670, daughter
Archduke Johann Leopold, 1670, son
Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria, 1670–1673, daughter
Maria Antonia, Electress of Bavaria Niece 12 March 1673
Mother died
24 December 1692
Died
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, 1673–1689, first cousin once-removed[4]
Electoral Prince Leopold Ferdinand of Bavaria, 1689, son
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, 1689–1690, first cousin once-removed[5]
Electoral Prince Anton of Bavaria, 1690, son
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, 1690–1692, first cousin once-removed[6]
Electoral Prince Joseph Ferdinand of Bavaria, 1692, son
Electoral Prince Joseph Ferdinand of Bavaria Grandnephew 24 December 1692
Mother died
6 February 1699
Died
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, first cousin twice-removed[7]
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor First cousin 6 February 1699
First cousin twice-removed[8] died
1 November 1700
First cousin died, rival claimant
became king on 16 November
Joseph I, King of the Romans, son
House of Bourbon (1700–1808)
Monarch Heir Relationship
to monarch
Became heir
(Date; Reason)
Ceased to be heir
(Date; Reason)
Next in line of succession
Felipe V Charles, Duke of Berry Brother 16 November 1700
Brother became king
25 August 1707
Son born to king
Succession uncertain
Luis, Prince of Asturias Son 25 August 1707
Born
15 January 1724
Father abdicated, became king
Charles, Duke of Berry, 1707–1709, uncle
Infante Felipe, 1709, brother
Charles, Duke of Berry, 1709–1712, uncle
Infante Felipe Pedro, 1712–1719, brother
Infante Fernando, 1719–1724, brother
Luis I Infante Fernando Brother 15 January 1724
Brother became king
31 August 1724
Brother died, father restored
as king on 6 September
Infante Carlos, half-brother
[c]
Felipe V Fernando, Prince of Asturias Son 6 September 1724
Father restored as king
9 July 1746
Father died, became king
King Carlos VII & V of Naples and Sicily, half-brother
Fernando VI King Carlos VII & V of Naples and Sicily Half-brother 9 July 1746
Half-brother became king
10 August 1759
Half-brother died, became king
Felipe, Duke of Parma, 1746–1747, brother
Infante Felipe, Duke of Calabria 1747–1759, son
Carlos III Infante Felipe, Duke of Calabria Son 10 August 1759
Father became king
5 October 1759
Excluded from succession
Infante Carlos, brother
Carlos, Prince of Asturias Son 5 October 1759
Brother excluded
14 December 1788
Father died, became king
King Fernando I of the Two Sicilies, 1759–1771, brother
Infante Carlos Clemente, 1771–1774, son
King Fernando I of the Two Sicilies, 1774–1780, brother
Infante Carlos Domingo, 1780–1783, son
King Fernando I of the Two Sicilies, 1783, brother
Infante Carlos Francisco de Paula, 1783–1784, son
Infante Fernando, 1784–1788, son
Carlos IV Fernando, Prince of Asturias Son 14 December 1788
Father became king
19 March 1808
Father abdicated, became king
Infante Carlos María Isidro, brother
Fernando VII Infante Carlos María Isidro Brother 19 March 1808
Brother became king
6 May 1808
Father and brother abdicated
Infante Francisco de Paula, brother
House of Bonaparte (1808–1813)
Monarch Heir Relationship
to monarch
Became heir
(Date; Reason)
Ceased to be heir
(Date; Reason)
Next in line of succession
José I Zenaida Bonaparte Daughter 6 June 1808
Father became king
11 December 1813
Father deposed
Carlota Bonaparte, sister
House of Bourbon (first restoration) (1814–1868)
Monarch Heir Relationship
to monarch
Became heir
(Date; Reason)
Ceased to be heir
(Date; Reason)
Next in line of succession
Fernando VII Infante Carlos María Isidro Brother 4 May 1814
Brother restored as king
10 October 1830
Daughter born to king
Infante Francisco de Paula, 1813–1818, brother
Infante Carlos Luis, 1818–1830, son
Isabel, Princess of Asturias Daughter 10 October 1830
Born
29 September 1833
Father died, became queen
Infante Carlos María Isidro, 1830–1832, uncle
Infanta Luisa Fernanda, 1832–1833, sister
Isabel II Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier Sister 29 September 1833
Sister became queen
12 July 1850
Son born to queen
Infante Carlos María Isidro, 1833–1837, uncle
Infante Francisco de Paula, 1837–1848, uncle
Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans, 1848–1850, daughter
Fernando, Prince of Asturias Son 12 July 1850
Born
12 July 1850
Died
Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier, aunt
Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier Sister 12 July 1850
Nephew died
20 December 1851
Daughter born to queen
Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans, daughter
Isabel, Princess of Asturias Daughter 20 December 1851
Born
28 November 1857
Son born to queen
Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier, 1851–1854, aunt
Infanta María Cristina, 1854, sister
Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier, 1854–1855, aunt
Infanta Margarita, 1855, sister
Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier, 1855–1857, aunt
Alfonso, Prince of Asturias Son 28 November 1857
Born
30 September 1868
Mother deposed
Infanta Isabel, 1857–1866, sister
Infante Francisco de Asís Leopoldo, 1866, brother
Infanta Isabel, Countess of Girgenti, 1866–1868, sister
House of Savoy (1870–1873)
Monarch Heir Relationship
to monarch
Became heir
(Date; Reason)
Ceased to be heir
(Date; Reason)
Next in line of succession
Amadeo I Manuel Filiberto, Prince of Asturias, Duke of Apulia Son 16 November 1870
Father elected as king
11 February 1873
Father abdicated, monarchy abolished
None, 1870
Prince Víctor Manuel, Count of Turin, 1870–1873, brother
House of Bourbon (second restoration) (1874–1931)
Monarch Heir Relationship
to monarch
Became heir
(Date; Reason)
Ceased to be heir
(Date; Reason)
Next in line of succession
Alfonso XII Isabel, Princess of Asturias Sister 29 December 1874
Monarchy restored
11 September 1880
Daughter born to king
Infanta María del Pilar, 1874–1879, sister
Infanta María de la Paz, 1879–1880, sister
María de las Mercedes, Princess of Asturias Daughter 11 September 1880
Born
25 November 1885
Father died, mother pregnant
Infanta Isabel, Countess of Girgenti, 1880–1882, aunt
Infanta María Teresa, 1882–1901, sister
[d]
Alfonso XIII María de las Mercedes, Princess of Asturias Sister 17 May 1886
Posthumous son born
to the late king
17 October 1904
Died
Infanta María Teresa, 1882–1901, sister
Infante Alfonso, Prince of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1901–1904, son
Infante Alfonso, Prince of Bourbon-Two Sicilies Nephew 17 October 1904
Mother died
10 May 1907
Son born to king
Infante Fernando, Prince of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1904–1905, brother
Infanta Isabel Alfonsa, Princess of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1905–1907, sister
Alfonso, Prince of Asturias Son 10 May 1907
Born
14 April 1931
Monarchy abolished
Infante Alfonso, Prince of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1907–1908, first cousin
Infante Jaime, 1908–1931, brother
House of Bourbon (third restoration) (1975–present)
Monarch Heir Relationship
to monarch
Became heir
(Date; Reason)
Ceased to be heir
(Date; Reason)
Next in line of succession
Vacant No recognised heir, 1947–1969[e]
Juan Carlos, Prince of Spain None 22 July 1969
Appointed heir to the throne
22 November 1975
Head of State died, became king
Infante Felipe, son
Juan Carlos I Felipe, Prince of Asturias Son 22 November 1975
Father became king
19 June 2014
Father abdicated, became king
Infanta Elena, 1975–2005, sister
Infanta Leonor, 2005–2014, daughter
Felipe VI Leonor, Princess of Asturias Daughter 19 June 2014
Father became king
Incumbent Infanta Sofía, sister
  1. ^ In 1660, Infanta María Teresa renounced her claim to the throne, in order to marry King Louis XIV of France. Later, the validity of her renunciation was contested, based on the fact that Spain failed to pay the dowry, which was pivotal for the succession of King Felipe V in 1700.
  2. ^ Since the validity of the renunciation of María Teresa on her rights to the Spanish throne was contested, the succession was disputed among the heirs by cognatic primogeniture and the heirs established under the will of Felipe IV. The will entailed the throne on the heirs of his younger daughter Margarita Teresa.
  3. ^ On 31 August 1724, Luis I died childless at age 17, just months after the abdication of his father, Felipe V. His heir would be his brother, Infante Fernando, who was only 10. Six days later, to avoid a regency and after much convincing and pressure, especially from Queen Dowager Isabel, Felipe V reluctantly accepted to be restored to the Spanish throne.
  4. ^ On 25 November 1885, Alfonso XII died while Queen María Cristina was pregnant, so the throne went vacant, depending on whether the unborn child was a male or a female: a male would make that child king, while a female would make the eldest daughter (María de las Mercedes, Princess of Asturias) queen. During this period, María Cristina ruled as regent until her third child, a son, was born on 17 May 1886; he was King Alfonso XIII from birth.
  5. ^ In 1933, Alfonso XIII's eldest two sons (Alfonso, Prince of Asturias and Infante Jaime) renounced their claims to the throne, so from then on Alfonso XIII's heir would be his third son, Infante Juan. In 1947, Francisco Franco restored the monarchy, confirmed by referendum, while appointing himself as Head of State for life. Having the power to appoint his successor, who would be king, Franco did not do so with Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona, and in 1969 he appointed Infante Juan's eldest son, Juan Carlos, Prince of Asturias, considering him to be more likely to preserve the Francoist regime after his death, which did not happen, as in 1975, Juan Carlos I promptly promoted Spanish transition to democracy. Finally, in 1977, Infante Juan renounced his headship of the Royal House of Spain, recognising his son, the King, as such.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Blinkhorn, Martin (1975). Carlism and crisis in Spain, 1931-1939. CUP Archive. ISBN 0-521-20729-0.
  2. ^ Also her maternal uncle and her husband
  3. ^ Also her maternal uncle and her husband
  4. ^ Also her father
  5. ^ Also her father
  6. ^ Also her father
  7. ^ Also his maternal grandfather
  8. ^ Also his grandson