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List of mammals of Romania

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Eurasian lynx is the national animal of Romania.

There are ninety mammal species in Romania, of which one is critically endangered, one is endangered, fourteen are vulnerable, and four are near threatened.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

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Northern birch mouse
European hamster
Common vole

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

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European hare

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

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The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

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Lesser white-toothed shrew
Eurasian water shrew
Common shrew
European mole

Shrews are insectivorous mammals. They closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

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Daubenton's bat
Serotine bat
Lesser noctule
Nathusius' pipistrelle

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Cetacea (whales)

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Harbour porpoise

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

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Red fox
Stoat

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

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Chamois

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Locally extinct

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The following species are locally extinct in the country:

See also

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References

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  1. ^ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
  2. ^ Amori, G.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Muñoz, L. J. P. (2010). "Sciurus vulgaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T20025A9136220.
  3. ^ Bertolino, S.; Amori, G.; Henttonen, H.; Zagorodnyuk, I.; Zima, J.; Juškaitis, R.; Meinig, H. & Kryštufek, B. (2008). "Eliomys quercinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T7618A12835766.
  4. ^ Batsaikhan, N.; Henttonen, H.; Meinig, H.; Shenbrot, G.; Bukhnikashvili, A.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L. (2016). "Arvicola amphibius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2149A115060819.
  5. ^ Hacklande, K. & Schai-Braun, S. (2019). "Lepus europaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41280A45187424.
  6. ^ Villafuerte, R. & Delibes-Mateos, M. (2019). "Oryctolagus cuniculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41291A45189779.
  7. ^ Amori, G.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L.J. (2016). "Erinaceus roumanicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136344A115206348.
  8. ^ Hutterer, R.; Amori, G.; Krystufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L.J. (2010). "Crocidura suaveolens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T29656A9511068.
  9. ^ Paunović, M. (2019). "Myotis bechsteinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T14123A22053752.
  10. ^ Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Myotis blythii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14124A22053297.
  11. ^ Gazaryan, S.; Kruskop, S.V. & Godlevska, L. (2020). "Myotis brandtii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T85566997A22054468.
  12. ^ Hutson, A. M.; Spitzenberger, F.; Aulagnier, S.; Juste, J.; Karatas, A.; Palmeirim, J. & Paunovic, M. (2010). "Myotis capaccinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T14126A4399043.
  13. ^ Kruskop, S.V.; Godlevska, L.; Bücs, S.; Çoraman, E. & Gazaryan, S. (2020). "Myotis daubentonii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T85342710A22054773.
  14. ^ Piraccini, R. (2016). "Myotis emarginatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14129A22051191.
  15. ^ Coroiu, I.; Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Myotis myotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14133A22051759.
  16. ^ Gazaryan, S.; Kruskop, S.V. & Godlevska, L. (2020). "Myotis nattereri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T85733032A22052584.
  17. ^ Piraccini, R. (2016). "Barbastella barbastellus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2553A22029285.
  18. ^ Hutson, A. M.; Alcaldé, J. T.; Juste, J.; Karataş, A.; Palmeirim, J. & Paunović, M. (2010). "Nyctalus lasiopterus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T14918A4471682.
  19. ^ Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Nyctalus leisleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14919A22016159.
  20. ^ Csorba, G. & Hutson, A.M. (2016). "Nyctalus noctula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14920A22015682.
  21. ^ Hutson, A. M.; Spitzenberger, F.; Juste, J.; Aulagnier, S.; Palmeirim, J.; Karatas, A. & Paunovic, M. (2010). "Pipistrellus nathusii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T17316A6966886.
  22. ^ Gazaryan, S.; Kruskop, S.V. & Godlevska, L. (2021) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Plecotus auritus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T85535522A195861341.
  23. ^ Gazaryan, S.; Bücs, S. & Çoraman, E. (2021) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Miniopterus schreibersii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T81633057A19585652.
  24. ^ Taylor, P. (2016). "Rhinolophus blasii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19515A21972073.
  25. ^ Juste, J. & Alcaldé, J. (2016). "Rhinolophus euryale". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19516A21971185.
  26. ^ Piraccini, R. (2016). "Rhinolophus ferrumequinum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19517A21973253.
  27. ^ Taylor, P. (2016). "Rhinolophus hipposideros". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19518A21972794.
  28. ^ Alcaldé, J.; Benda, P. & Juste, J. (2016). "Rhinolophus mehelyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19519A21974380.
  29. ^ Braulik, G.; Jefferson, T.A. & Bearzi, G. (2021). "Delphinus delphis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T134817215A50352620.
  30. ^ Gerngross, P.; Ambarli, H.; Angelici, F.M.; Anile, S.; Campbell, R.; Ferreras de Andres, P.; Gil-Sanchez, J.M.; Götz, M.; Jerosch, S.; Mengüllüoglu, D.; Monterosso, P. & Zlatanova, D. (2022). "Felis silvestris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T181049859A181050999. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T181049859A181050999.en. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
  31. ^ Breitenmoser, U.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Lanz, T.; von Arx, M.; Antonevich, A.; Bao, W. & Avgan, B. (2015). "Lynx lynx". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12519A121707666.
  32. ^ Hoffmann, M.; Arnold, J.; Duckworth, J. W.; Jhala, Y.; Kamler, J. F. & Krofel, M. (2018). "Canis aureus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T118264161A46194820.
  33. ^ Boitani, L.; Phillips, M. & Jhala, Y. (2018). "Canis lupus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T3746A119623865.
  34. ^ Kauhala, K. & Saeki, M. (2016). "Nyctereutes procyonoides". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14925A85658776.
  35. ^ Hoffmann, M. & Sillero-Zubiri, C. (2016). "Vulpes vulpes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T23062A46190249.
  36. ^ McLellan, B. N.; Proctor, M. F.; Huber, D. & Michel, S. (2017). "Ursus arctos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T41688A121229971.
  37. ^ Roos, A.; Loy, A.; de Silva, P.; Hajkova, P. & Zemanová, B. (2015). "Lutra lutra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12419A21935287.
  38. ^ Abramov, A.V.; Kranz, A.; Herrero, J.; Krantz, A.; Choudhury, A. & Maran, T. (2016). "Martes foina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29672A45202514.
  39. ^ Herrero, J.; Kranz, A.; Skumatov, D.; Abramov, A.V.; Maran, T. & Monakhov, V.G. (2016). "Martes martes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T12848A45199169.
  40. ^ Kranz, A.; Abramov, A. V.; Herrero, J. & Maran, T. (2016). "Meles meles". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29673A45203002.
  41. ^ Reid, F.; Helgen, K. & Kranz, A. (2016). "Mustela erminea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29674A45203335.
  42. ^ Maran, T.; Aulagnier, S.; Libois, R.; Kranz, A.; Abramov, A. & Wozencraft, C. (2010). "Mustela lutreola". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T14018A4381596.
  43. ^ McDonald, R. A.; Abramov, A. V.; Stubbe, M.; Herrero, J.; Maran, T.; Tikhonov, A.; Cavallini, P.; Kranz, A.; Giannatos, G.; Kryštufek, B. & Reid, F. (2019). "Mustela nivalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T70207409A147993366.
  44. ^ Skumatov, D.; Abramov, A.V.; Herrero, J.; Kitchener, A.; Maran, T.; Kranz, A.; Sándor, A.; Stubbe, M.; Saveljev, A.; Savour-Soubelet, A.; Guinot-Ghestem, M.; Zuberogoitia, I.; Birks, J.D.S.; Weber, A.; Melisch, R. & Ruette, S. (2016). "Mustela putorius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41658A45214384.
  45. ^ Reid, F.; Schiaffini, M. & Schipper, J. (2016). "Neovison vison". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41661A45214988.
  46. ^ Abramov, A.V.; Kranz, A. & Maran, T. (2016). "Vormela peregusna". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29680A45203971.
  47. ^ Plumb, G.; Kowalczyk, R. & Hernandez-Blanco, J.A. (2020). "Bison bonasus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T2814A45156279.
  48. ^ Aulagnier, S.; Giannatos, G. & Herrero, J. (2008). "Rupicapra rupicapra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T39255A10179647.
  49. ^ Lovari, S.; Lorenzini, R.; Masseti, M.; Pereladova, O.; Carden, R.F.; Brook, S.M. & Mattioli, S. (2018). "Cervus elaphus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T55997072A142404453.
  50. ^ Masseti, M. & Mertzanidou, D. (2008). "Dama dama". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T42188A10656554.
  51. ^ Lovari, S.; Herrero, J.; Masseti, M.; Ambarli, H.; Lorenzini, R. & Giannatos, G. (2016). "Capreolus capreolus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42395A22161386.
  52. ^ Keuling, O. & Leus, K. (2019). "Sus scrofa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41775A44141833.
  53. ^ Karamanlidis, A. & Dendrinos, P. (2015). "Monachus monachus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T13653A45227543.
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