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Maria Gorokhovskaya

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Maria Gorokhovskaya
Personal information
Born(1921-10-17)17 October 1921
Yevpatoria, Crimean ASSR, Russian SFSR
Died22 July 2001(2001-07-22) (aged 79)
Tel Aviv, Israel
Gymnastics career
DisciplineWomen's artistic gymnastics
Country represented Soviet Union
ClubStroityel Kharkov[1]
Medal record
Representing  Soviet Union
Olympic Games
Gold medal – first place 1952 Helsinki Team
Gold medal – first place 1952 Helsinki All-Around
Silver medal – second place 1952 Helsinki Team PA
Silver medal – second place 1952 Helsinki Vault
Silver medal – second place 1952 Helsinki Uneven Bars
Silver medal – second place 1952 Helsinki Balance Beam
Silver medal – second place 1952 Helsinki Floor Exercise
World Championships
Gold medal – first place 1954 Rome Team
Bronze medal – third place 1954 Rome Floor Exercise

Maria Kondratyevna Gorokhovskaya (Russian: Мария Кондратьевна Гороховская, Ukrainian: Марія Кіндратівна Гороховська; 17 October 1921 – 22 July 2001) was a Soviet gymnast of Jewish descent. At the 1952 Summer Olympics, she was the first woman to win seven medals at one Olympics. That is the highest number of medals won by a woman in a single Olympics,[2] which is an achievement shared by only one other female athlete, the Australian swimmer Emma McKeon, who achieved that at the 2020 Summer Olympics held in 2021.[3]

Competing for Budivelnyk Kharkov, Gorokhovskaya won her first USSR title on the balance beam in 1948. She came to the Helsinki Olympics as the twofold national champion. Soviet gymnastics had never competed at major international tournaments before, and it was the first Olympics in which the country participated.

The Soviet gymnasts dominated the competition, with Gorokhovskaya leading them. In all four individual apparatus events – the balance beam, floor exercise, the vault and the uneven bars – Gorokhovskaya finished second. This performance earned her the gold medal in the all-around competition, finishing ahead of team-mate Nina Bocharova by eight tenths of a point.[1]

With seven of the eight Soviet gymnasts finishing in the top ten, it was clear that the team gold medal would go to them. Gorokhovskaya won her seventh medal in the now discontinued team exercise with portable apparatus, where the Soviet team finished second behind Sweden.[1]

Gorokhovskaya made one more international appearance as a part of the winning Soviet team at the 1954 World Championships, and retired afterwards. She then worked as a judge (international since 1964) and a lecturer.

In 1990, Gorokhovskaya, who was Jewish,[4] emigrated to Israel, where she worked as a gymnastics coach until her death.[1] In 1991 she was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.[5]

Achievements (non-Olympic)

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Gorokhovskaya on a Soviet stamp of 1957
Year Event AA Team VT UB BB FX RG HB
1947 USSR Championships 2nd
1948 USSR Championships 2nd 1st
1949 USSR Championships 3rd 3rd 2nd 1st
1950 USSR Championships 2nd 3rd 3rd 3rd 1st
1951 USSR Championships 1st 3rd 2nd 1st
1952 USSR Championships 1st 3rd 1st 2nd 1st
1953 USSR Championships 1st
1954 World Championships 1st 3rd
USSR Championships 2nd 1st

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Maria Gorokhovskaya". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020.
  2. ^ "Leading Olympic Medalists". Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 15 September 2013.
  3. ^ "'The two key moments that turned Emma McKeon into a record breaker'". MSN. 1 August 2021.
  4. ^ Uri Miller. Jews in Sport in the USSR. Yivo Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 29 April 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2013.
  5. ^ "Maria Gorokhovskaya".
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