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NGC 4323

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NGC 4323
SDSS image of NGC 4323.
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationComa Berenices[1]
Right ascension12h 23m 01.7s[2]
Declination15° 54′ 20″[2]
Redshift0.006182[2]
Heliocentric radial velocity869 km/s[2]
Distance52.5[3] Mly
Group or clusterVirgo Cluster
Apparent magnitude (V)15.1g[2]
Characteristics
TypeSB0^0(r), dE[2]
Mass1.7×109[4] M☉
Size~23,000 ly (7 kpc) (estimated)[5]
Apparent size (V)0.953′ × 0.610′[6]
Other designations
PGC 40171, VCC 608, MCG +03-32-016[2]

NGC 4323 is a lenticular or dwarf elliptical galaxy[7] located about 52.5 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered in 1882 by astronomer Wilhelm Tempel[8] and is a member of the Virgo Cluster.[9]

NGC 4323 is commonly misidentified as NGC 4322, which is a 13th magnitude star.[10][11]

Interaction with Messier 100

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NGC 4323 is a companion of Messier 100,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] which lies 78,000 light-years (24 kiloparsecs) away.[13][17][21] The two galaxies appear to be interacting,[15][19][20][22] as evidenced by Messier 100's rotation curve, an asymmetry of its HI disk,[19][20] and a faint, optical bridge that connects it to NGC 4323.[14][15][16][17][20][22] However, Knapen et al. suggests that the two galaxies are not interacting as NGC 4323 is a small galaxy and has a large separation from Messier 100.[19]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Dreyer, J. L. E. (1988). Sinnott, R. W. (ed.). The Complete New General Catalogue and Index Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters. Sky Publishing Corporation and Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-933346-51-2.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 4306. Retrieved 2019-08-11.
  3. ^ Rand, Richard J.; Wallin, John F. (2004). "Pattern Speeds BIMA-SONG Galaxies with Molecule-Dominated ISMs Using the Tremaine-Weinberg Method". The Astrophysical Journal. 614 (1): 142–157. arXiv:astro-ph/0406426. Bibcode:2004ApJ...614..142R. doi:10.1086/423423. S2CID 17095983.
  4. ^ Conselice, Christopher J.; O'Neil, Karen; Gallagher, John S.; Wyse, Rosemary F. G. (2003-07-01). "Galaxy Populations and Evolution in Clusters. IV. Deep H I Observations of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies in the Virgo Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 591 (1): 167–184. arXiv:astro-ph/0303185. Bibcode:2003ApJ...591..167C. doi:10.1086/375216. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 18689071.
  5. ^ Koleva, Mina; Bouchard, Antoine; Prugniel, Philippe; De Rijcke, Sven; Vauglin, Isabelle (2013-02-01). "The transmutation of dwarf galaxies: stellar populations". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 428 (4): 2949–2965. Bibcode:2013MNRAS.428.2949K. doi:10.1093/mnras/sts238. hdl:1854/LU-4130746. ISSN 0035-8711.
  6. ^ Skrutskie, Michael F.; Cutri, Roc M.; Stiening, Rae; Weinberg, Martin D.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Carpenter, John M.; Beichman, Charles A.; Capps, Richard W.; Chester, Thomas; Elias, Jonathan H.; Huchra, John P.; Liebert, James W.; Lonsdale, Carol J.; Monet, David G.; Price, Stephan; Seitzer, Patrick; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Fullmer, Linda; Hurt, Robert L.; Light, Robert M.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Tam, Robert; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Wheelock, Sherry L. (1 February 2006). "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (2): 1163–1183. Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1163S. doi:10.1086/498708. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 18913331.
  7. ^ "Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2017-08-28.
  8. ^ "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 4300 - 4349". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2017-08-28.
  9. ^ "Detailed Object Classifications". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2017-08-28.
  10. ^ Gottlieb, Steve. "Astronomy-Mall: Adventures In Deep Space NGC objects 4001-4999". Astronomy-Mall. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
  11. ^ "Notes on the NGC objects, particularly those missing, misidentified, or otherwise unusual (ngcnotes.all)". Historically-aware NGC/IC Positions and Notes. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
  12. ^ Pan, Hsi-An; Kuno, Nario (April 2017). "Variation in GMC Association Properties across the Bars, Spiral Arms, Inter-arms, and Circumnuclear Region of M100 (NGC 4321) Extracted from ALMA Observations". The Astrophysical Journal. 839 (2): 133. arXiv:1702.04124. Bibcode:2017ApJ...839..133P. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa60c2. ISSN 0004-637X.
  13. ^ a b Kendall, S.; Kennicutt, R. C.; Clarke, C. (2011-06-11). "Spiral structure in nearby galaxies - I. Sample, data analysis and overview of results: Spiral structure in nearby galaxies - I". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 414 (1): 538–564. arXiv:1101.5764. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18422.x.
  14. ^ a b Weżgowiec, M.; Urbanik, M.; Beck, R.; Chyży, K. T.; Soida, M. (September 2012). "The magnetic fields of large Virgo cluster spirals. II". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 545: A69. arXiv:1208.2845. Bibcode:2012A&A...545A..69W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201218871. ISSN 0004-6361.
  15. ^ a b c Wilson, C. D.; Warren, B. E.; Israel, F. P.; Serjeant, S.; Bendo, G.; Brinks, E.; Clements, D.; Courteau, S.; Irwin, J.; Knapen, J. H.; Leech, J. (2009-03-10). "The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope Nearby Galaxies Legacy Survey. I. Star-Forming Molecular Gas in Virgo Cluster Spiral Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 693 (2): 1736–1748. arXiv:0812.1718. Bibcode:2009ApJ...693.1736W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/693/2/1736. ISSN 0004-637X.
  16. ^ a b Elmegreen, Debra Meloy; Elmegreen, Bruce G.; Yau, Andrew; Athanassoula, E.; Bosma, Albert; Buta, Ronald J.; Helou, George; Ho, Luis C.; Gadotti, Dimitri A.; Knapen, Johan H.; Laurikainen, Eija (2011-08-10). "Grand Design and Flocculent Spirals in Thespitzersurvey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G)". The Astrophysical Journal. 737 (1): 32. arXiv:1106.4840. Bibcode:2011ApJ...737...32E. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/737/1/32. hdl:1854/LU-8622875. ISSN 0004-637X.
  17. ^ a b c Chung, Aeree; van Gorkom, J. H.; Kenney, Jeffrey D. P.; Crowl, Hugh; Vollmer, Bernd (2009-12-01). "Vla Imaging of Virgo Spirals in Atomic Gas (Viva). I. The Atlas and the H I Properties". The Astronomical Journal. 138 (6): 1741–1816. Bibcode:2009AJ....138.1741C. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1741. ISSN 0004-6256.
  18. ^ Egusa, Fumi; Kohno, Kotaro; Sofue, Yoshiaki; Nakanishi, Hiroyuki; Komugi, Shinya (2009-06-01). "Determining Star Formation Timescale and Pattern Speed in Nearby Spiral Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 697 (2): 1870–1891. arXiv:0904.3121. Bibcode:2009ApJ...697.1870E. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/1870. ISSN 0004-637X.
  19. ^ a b c d Knapen, J. H.; Beckman, J. E.; Heller, C. H.; Shlosman, I.; de Jong, R. S. (December 1995). "The Central Region in M100: Observations and Modeling". The Astrophysical Journal. 454: 623–642. arXiv:astro-ph/9506098. Bibcode:1995ApJ...454..623K. doi:10.1086/176516. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118989599.
  20. ^ a b c d Knapen, Johan H.; Cepa, Jordi; Beckman, John E.; Soledad del Rio, M.; Pedlar, Alan (October 1993). "Star Formation in the Spiral Arms of NGC 4321. II. H i Distribution and Kinematics". The Astrophysical Journal. 416: 563. Bibcode:1993ApJ...416..563K. doi:10.1086/173258. ISSN 0004-637X.
  21. ^ a b Hernandez, Olivier; Wozniak, Herve; Carignan, Claude; Amram, Philippe; Chemin, Laurent; Daigle, Olivier (2005-10-10). "On the Relevance of the Tremaine‐Weinberg Method Applied to an Hα Velocity Field: Pattern Speed Determination in M100 (NGC 4321)". The Astrophysical Journal. 632 (1): 253–265. arXiv:astro-ph/0505384. Bibcode:2005ApJ...632..253H. doi:10.1086/431964. ISSN 0004-637X.
  22. ^ a b c del Rio, M. S.; Cepa, J. (1998-12-01). "The nature of arms in spiral galaxies. III. Azimuthal profiles". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 340: 1–20. Bibcode:1998A&A...340....1D. ISSN 0004-6361.
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