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Necropolis for the victims of Fascism

Coordinates: 44°11′46.99″N 17°41′27.75″E / 44.1963861°N 17.6910417°E / 44.1963861; 17.6910417
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Necropolis for the victims of Fascism, Novi Travnik
Bosnia and Herzegovina
For civilians of Central Bosnia
Unveiled1975
Location44.196449 N,17.690984 E
Novi Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Designed byBogdan Bogdanović
Commemoratedc.700
Official nameNecropolis of the victims of fascism, the cultural landscape
TypeCategory I monument
CriteriaII. Value
A, B i.ii.iii.iv.v.vi., C i.ii., D i.ii.iii.iv.
DesignatedMarch 26, 2012 (session No. )
Reference no.3383
Decision no.04.2-2.3-73/12-2
ListedList of National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Operator-

The Necropolis for the victims of Fascism (Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian: Nekropola žrtvama fašizma), also known as Spomen obilježje na Smrekama, is war memorial located in Novi Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was opened in 1975 to commemorate around 700 victims executed at this site during the Second World War,[1] and designed by the architect Bogdan Bogdanović. The monument is located in farmland on a hilltop named Čamića Brdo, just off the main road between Vitez and Travnik. The site was inscribed as a National Monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2012 [2] in the Cultural Landscape category.

Description

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The monument consists of twelve megalithic compositions chiseled from Bihacite [3] stone within a complex of paths and steps. The megaliths have been described variously as ‘stone dragon sentinels’,[4] ‘paired snakes’,[5] ‘heads of soldiers’,[6] and “large stones engraved with strange primitive symbols that recall those of the Bogomils” [7] . They are placed on stone plinths, and set in two irregular arcs, in pairs, with the distance between each pair measuring approximately 2–3 metres.

Inscription

На Смрицама између
Буковице и Виленице
≠≠≠≠ злочинци
године 1941
звјерски су
побили око 700
недужних и беспомоћних
грађана с подручја
средње Босне

On Smrike between
Bukovica and Vilenica
≠≠≠≠ criminals
In the year 1941
Horrifically
Killed around 700
Innocent and defenceless
Citizens from the region
Of Central Bosnia

Entrance sign to the Necropolis to the victims of Fascism, Novi Travnik, Bosnia & Herzegovina (1975)

History

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Although the memorial site originally occupied a 2 square kilometer patch of land, encroaching farmland has now reduced the memorial area to less than 200 square metres, and a small flight of steps approximately 40 metres long. These steps and the flagstoned area at their base are no longer maintained. The area around Novi Travnik saw some of the heaviest fighting of the 1992-95 war.[8] As well as the presence of landmines in the vicinity until recently, leading to a general neglect of the area, one megalith is badly damaged, being overturned and broken. A further sculpture appears to be almost completely absent. Several of the megaliths bear bullet impacts, particularly on the eastern-facing side. One word has been intentionally erased from the commemorative stone at the site's entrance. This word almost definitely referred to Ustaše forces. No conservation or restoration works have been carried out on the monument since its 1975 opening.[9] A ceremonial wreath laying is undertaken at the monument every 9 May.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Lawler, Andrew (2013). The Memorial works of Bogdan Bogdanović: Their condition and situation as of 2012. pp. 130–140. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
  2. ^ Commission to Preserve National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina (26 March 2012). "Necropolis of the victims of Fascism, the Cultural Landscape". Commission to Preserve National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Archived from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 18 February 2014.
  3. ^ Lawler, Andrew (2013). The Memorial works of Bogdan Bogdanović: Their condition and situation as of 2012. pp. 130–140. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
  4. ^ Trumić, Aleksandr (1988). Nacrtane riječi i napisani crteži, spisateljski i graditeljski opit Protomajstora Bogdana. Sarajevo: Faculty of Architecture, University of Sarajevo. p. 82.
  5. ^ Achleitner, Friedrich; Ivan Ristić; Ursa Komac; Pablo Guillen; Heike Karge; Dragana Milovanović; Vladimir Vuković (2009). Memoria und Utopie in Tito Jugoslawien. Vienna: Architekutrzentrum Wien. p. 110. ISBN 978-3-85129-834-5.
  6. ^ Commission to Preserve National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina (26 March 2012). "Necropolis of the victims of Fascism, the Cultural Landscape". Commission to Preserve National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Archived from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 18 February 2014.
  7. ^ Komac, Ursa; Pablo Guillen (2011). Bogdan Bogdanović and the Public Space to enjoy Solitude: Prilep, Travnik and Vukovar (PDF). Belgrade: Serbian Architectural Journal. pp. 27–36.
  8. ^ Lawler, Andrew (2013). The Memorial works of Bogdan Bogdanović: Their condition and situation as of 2012. pp. 130–140. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
  9. ^ Commission to Preserve National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina (26 March 2012). "Necropolis of the victims of Fascism, the Cultural Landscape". Commission to Preserve National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Archived from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 18 February 2014.

44°11′46.99″N 17°41′27.75″E / 44.1963861°N 17.6910417°E / 44.1963861; 17.6910417

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