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Portal:Tornadoes

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The Tornadoes Portal

A tornado near Anadarko, Oklahoma, in 1999
Tornadoes are violently rotating columns of air that are in contact with the Earth and either a cumulonimbus or a cumulus cloud. Tornadoes are often referred to as twisters, whirlwinds, or cyclones. While most tornadoes attain winds of less than 110 miles per hour (180 km/h), are about 250 feet (80 m) across, and travel a few miles (several kilometers), the wind speeds in the most intense tornadoes can reach 300 miles per hour (480 km/h), are more than two miles (3 km) in diameter, and stay on the ground for dozens of miles (more than 100 km). Various types of tornadoes include the multiple vortex tornado, landspout, and waterspout. Other tornado-like phenomena that exist in nature include the gustnado, dust devil, fire whirl, and steam devil. Most tornadoes occur in North America (in the United States and Canada), concentrated in a region nicknamed the Tornado Alley. Tornadoes also occur in South America, South Africa, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.
The F3 Marmaduke/Caruthersville tornado near Kennett, Missouri

During the late afternoon and evening of April 2, 2006, a series of tornadoes broke out in the central United States. It was the second major outbreak of 2006, in the same area that suffered considerable destruction in a previous outbreak on March 11 and 12, as well as an outbreak on November 15, 2005. The most notable tornadoes of the outbreak struck northeastern Arkansas, the Missouri Bootheel, and West Tennessee, where several communities – including Marmaduke, Arkansas, Caruthersville, Missouri, and Newbern, Tennessee suffered devastating damage. In total, 66 tornadoes touched down across seven states, which is the most in a single day in 2006. In addition, there were over 850 total severe weather reports, including many reports of straight-line winds exceeding hurricane force and hail as large as softballs, which caused significant additional damage in a nine-state region.

The outbreak caused 27 tornado-related deaths plus two other deaths from straight-line winds. It was the deadliest tornado outbreak in the United States since the tornado outbreak sequence of May 2003, which killed 48 people. Twenty-six of those deaths were caused by a single supercell thunderstorm which produced damaging and long lived tornadoes from north central Arkansas into northwest Tennessee. (Full article...)

List of selected tornado articles

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This is a list of all tornadoes that were confirmed by local offices of the National Weather Service in the United States from September and October 2015. (Full article...)

List of selected tornado lists

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The 2015 Rochelle–Fairdale, Illinois tornado was a large EF4 wedge tornado that wreaked havoc in Rochelle and Fairdale, Illinois, on April 9, 2015, claiming 2 lives and causing $19 million in damage.

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Map of 2008 United States tornado paths

This page documents notable tornadoes and tornado outbreaks worldwide in 2008. Strong and destructive tornadoes form most frequently in the United States, Bangladesh, and Eastern India, but they can occur almost anywhere under the right conditions. Tornadoes also develop occasionally in southern Canada during the Northern Hemisphere's summer and somewhat regularly at other times of the year across Europe, Asia, and Australia. Tornadic events are often accompanied with other forms of severe weather, including strong thunderstorms, strong winds, and hail.

There were 1,692 tornadoes confirmed in the United States in 2008, with 126 confirmed fatalities. This made 2008 the deadliest year in that country since 1998. Fatalities were also reported elsewhere in the world: Eighteen in China, three in France, two each in Bangladesh and Poland, and one in Russia. With 1,692 confirmed tornadoes, 2008 ranked as the third most active US tornado season on record; only 2011 and 2004 have had more tornadoes confirmed with 1,703 and 1,817, respectively. The US state of Kansas received the most tornadoes in the United States in 2008 with 187. (Full article...)

List of tornadoes by year

2024 tornado activity

From the evening of May 16, 2024, to midday May 17, 2024, a derecho struck the Gulf Coast of the United States from Southeast Texas to Florida, causing widespread damage, particularly in the city of Houston and surrounding metropolitan area. At least seven people were killed by the storms, dubbed the Houston derecho by the National Weather Service, which brought winds up to 100 miles per hour (160 km/h) along with four tornadoes. (Full article...)

Tornado anniversaries

December 21

  • 1967 – Widespread tornadoes formed across much of the eastern half of the United States with the most intense activity in Missouri and Illinois. An F4 tornado destroyed the city hall and a large portion of the business district of Potosi, Missouri, killing 3 people and injuring 52. An F3 tornado injured 15 people in rural areas as it traveled from near Lithium, Missouri to near Pinckneyville, Illinois. A brief F2 tornado destroyed a few homes in Pisgah, Mississippi; one person was crushed under a wall.
  • 1990 – A tornado outbreak hit Louisiana and Mississippi. An F3 tornado destroyed 55 homes and trailers in Vaiden, Mississippi and damaged 89 others. A 12-year-old girl was killed and 15 other people were injured. An F1 tornado killed one person near Belzoni, Mississippi.

December 22

  • 1920 – An F3 tornado traveled from near Barnwell to near Snelling, South Carolina. One person was killed in the destruction of a farm house; the roof was carried about a mile (1.6 km). Four others were injured.

December 23

  • 1921 – A significant tornado outbreak hit the Southeastern United States. An F3 tornado destroyed 40 tenant homes on a plantation, killing two people, before striking Clarkedale, Arkansas. There, four more died in a store while Christmas shopping. An F2 tornado killed five people on plantations between Jonestown and Marks, Mississippi. One other person died when his horse stepped on a downed power line. Just past midnight, another F3 tornado killed one person in Spencer, Louisiana and at least five others (possibly eight) on nearby plantations. Eight more people were killed by tornadoes in the pre-dawn hours of Christmas Eve.
  • 2014 – Seven tornadoes touched down in the Southeastern United States. The strongest, rated EF3, heavily damaged or destroyed numerous homes and businesses in Columbia, Mississippi, causing three deaths and 50 injuries. Two others died west of Laurel, Mississippi when an EF2 tornado obliterated a mobile home.
  • 2015 – Another major tornado outbreak hit the Southeast. A long-track EF4 tornado killed nine people in northern Mississippi with homes destroyed in and near Holly Springs, Ashland, and Walnut. An EF3 tornado destroyed 33 homes and 2 businesses near Clarksdale and Marks, Mississippi, killing two people and injuring 26. Two others died from an EF2 tornado east of Linden, Tennessee.

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The following are images from various tornado-related articles on Wikipedia.

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An enlarged map of the main event of the tornado outbreak across central and northeast Oklahoma and extreme southeastern Kansas. The map denotes city locations, shading more densely populated areas in yellow, and major roads are shown. Sixty-six tornado tracks are plotted as colored lines on the map, with their colors corresponding to one of the eleven parent storm cells the tornadoes were produced by. The majority of tracks are concentrated around the Oklahoma City Metropolitan Area which is seen as a large yellow-shaded area slightly offset from the center of the map.
Map of confirmed tornadoes across Oklahoma and southern Kansas on May 3

From May 2 to 8, 1999, a large tornado outbreak took place across much of the Central and parts of the Eastern United States, as well as southern Canada. During this week-long event, 152 tornadoes touched down in these areas. The most dramatic events unfolded during the afternoon of May 3 through the early morning hours of May 4 when more than half of these storms occurred. Oklahoma experienced its largest tornado outbreak on record, with 70 confirmed. The most notable of these was the F5 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado which devastated Oklahoma City and suburban communities. The tornado killed 36 people and injured 583 others; losses amounted to $1 billion, making it the first billion-dollar tornado in history. Overall, 50 people lost their lives during the outbreak and damage amounted to $1.4 billion.

On May 2, a strong area of low pressure moved out of the Rocky Mountains and into the High Plains, producing scattered severe weather and ten tornadoes in Nebraska. The following day, atmospheric conditions across Oklahoma became significantly more favorable for an outbreak of severe weather. Wind profiles across the region strongly favored tornadic activity, with the Storm Prediction Center stating, "it became more obvious something major was looming" by the afternoon hours. Numerous supercell thunderstorms developed across the state as well as bordering areas in Kansas and Texas. Over the following 48 hours, May 3–4, 116 tornadoes touched down across the Central United States. Following the extensive outbreak, activity became increasingly scattered from May 5 to 8, with 26 tornadoes touching down across the Eastern United States and Quebec.

(Full article...)

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