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Rally of the Republicans

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Rally of the Republicans
Rassemblement des Républicains
AbbreviationRDR
LeaderAlassane Ouattara
PresidentHenriette Diabaté
FoundedJune 1994 (1994-06)
Split fromDemocratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire
IdeologyLiberalism
Republicanism
Political positionCentre[1]
National affiliationRally of Houphouëtists for Democracy and Peace
International affiliationLiberal International[2]
Centrist Democrat International[3]
Continental affiliationAfrica Liberal Network[4]
ColoursOrange, white, green (Ivorian tricolour)
Anthem
"Hymne du RDR (Le Républicain)"
"Hymn of RDR (The Republican)"[5]
Seats in the National Assembly
127 / 255
Website
rdrci.net

The Rally of the Republicans (French: Rassemblement des Républicains; abbreviated RDR) is a liberal party in Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire). The party is the country's governing party; the party's leader, Alassane Ouattara, is the current President of Ivory Coast.

History

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The RDR, which has most of its support in the north of the country, was formed as a liberal offshoot of the ruling party, the Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire (PDCI), in mid-1994. Djéni Kobina became the new party's Secretary-General. The RDR sought for Ouattara, who had served as Prime Minister from 1990 to 1993, to become its candidate in the 1995 presidential election. However, amendments to the electoral code required presidential candidates to have lived in the country for five years and to have been born of Ivorian parents. It was thought that these provisions were specifically intended to keep Ouattara out of the running; he had been deputy managing director of the International Monetary Fund for almost five years and his father's family had roots in Burkina Faso. For this reason the RDR boycotted the election.[6]

The RDR held its first ordinary congress on July 2–3, 1995,[7] at which Ouattara was nominated as its presidential candidate.[8] Following Kobina's death, the party held its first extraordinary congress in January 1999 to elect a new Secretary-General.[7] Ouattara was elected President of the RDR on August 1, 1999[9] at the second extraordinary congress of the party,[7] and he was designated as the party's candidate for the next presidential election.[10]

Ouattara said that he was eligible to stand in this election, scheduled to be held in 2000, pointing to documents which he said demonstrated that he and his parents were of Ivorian birth, as required by the electoral code. He was accused of forging these papers, however, and an investigation was begun.[11][12] His nationality certificate was annulled by a court in October 1999[13] and an arrest warrant for Ouattara was issued a month later,[14] although he was in France at the time.[15]

The RDR demonstrated in favor of Ouattara's candidacy; a demonstration in Abidjan reported as being 10,000 strong was held on September 27.[16] A number of RDR leaders, including the party's Secretary-General, Henriette Diabate, were arrested on October 27[17] on the grounds that they were responsible for violence occurring during protests they organized; in November, they were convicted and sentenced to prison. When soldiers rebelled on December 23, 1999, one of their demands was the release of the imprisoned RDR leaders; when President Henri Konan Bédié rejected the demands, they seized power on December 24 and promptly released the RDR prisoners.[18] Ouattara returned to Ivory Coast on December 29, hailing Bédié's ouster as a "revolution supported by all the Ivorian people".[15]

Despite Ouattara's support for the coup, his candidacy in the October 2000 presidential election was rejected by the Supreme Court, on the same nationality basis that was used to prevent his candidacy during Bédié's presidency. As a result, the RDR decided to boycott the presidential election.[19] It also boycotted the parliamentary election held on 10 December 2000 and 14 January 2001, but nevertheless won five out of 225 seats. The RDR is a full member of the Liberal International, which it joined at the Liberal International's Dakar Congress in 2003.[20]

On May 18, 2005, despite their history of hostility, the RDR and the PDCI signed an agreement to form a coalition, the Rally of Houphouëtists for Democracy and Peace, along with two smaller parties, the Union for Democracy and Peace in Côte d'Ivoire (UDPCI) and the Movement of the Forces of the Future (MFA), ahead of the presidential election then planned for October 2005.[21][22]

Ouattara was designated as the RDR's presidential candidate at its Second Ordinary Congress on February 1–3, 2008 and also re-elected as President of the RDR for another five years. At the congress, he invited the former rebel Forces Nouvelles de Côte d'Ivoire (New Forces) to team up with the RDR for the election.[23]

In the first round of the 2010 presidential elections, Ouattara finished second, behind incumbent Laurent Gbagbo. In the runoff, Ouattara was announced as finishing first with 54 percent of the vote—a result recognized by virtually the entire international community. Gbagbo, however, refused to step down, touching off a major political crisis that only ended with Gbagbo's capture on 11 April 2011.

Between 2012 and 2016, the RDR's Fadika Sarra Sako served as vice-president of the National Assembly.[24]

At the RDR's Third Ordinary Congress on 9–10 September 2017, it was expected that Ouattara would be elected as President of the RDR, but he instead proposed Henriette Diabaté for the post, and she was duly elected by acclamation. Kandia Camara was designated as Secretary-General and Amadou Gon Coulibaly as First Vice-President.[25] In 2020, Célestine Olibé Trazéré left the RDR for the Rally of Houphouëtists for Democracy and Peace.[26]

Congress of Republican Women

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Aya Virginie Toure was elected President of the Rally of Republican Women with a majority vote of 59%.[27]

References

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  1. ^ "Les Statuts". Site Officiel du RDR Côte d'Ivoire (in French). Archived from the original on 1 June 2007. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
  2. ^ Rassemblement des Républicains (RDR) - Cote d'Ivoire Archived 2007-09-26 at the Wayback Machine, Liberal International, www.liberal-international.org, retrieved 10 March 2012.
  3. ^ "Parties - IDC-CDI".
  4. ^ Africa Liberal Network Archived 2014-10-26 at the Wayback Machine, www.africaliberalnetwork.org, retrieved 15 June 2014.
  5. ^ https://www.rdrit.net/index.php/fr/formation/101-hymne-du-parti/164-hymne-du-rdr-le-republicain-texte
  6. ^ Robert J. Mundt, "Côte d'Ivoire: Continuity and Change in a Semi-Democracy", Political Reform in Francophone Africa (1997), ed. Clark and Gardinier, page 194–197.
  7. ^ a b c Coulibaly Brahima, "Côte d'Ivoire: Organisation du 2ème congrès ordinaire du Rdr, des cadres manoeuvrent pour le report", Nord-Sud, July 27, 2007 (in French).
  8. ^ "Jul 1995 - Selection of Ouattara as RDR presidential candidate", Keesing's Record of World Events, volume 41, July 1995, Cote d'Ivoire, page 40,630.
  9. ^ Biography at Ouattara's website (in French).
  10. ^ "Ivorian opposition elects former premier as presidential candidate", Associated Press, August 1, 1999.
  11. ^ "Côte d'Ivoire: Police arrest scores outside politician's home", IRIN, September 15, 1999.
  12. ^ "Ivory Coast opposition leader under investigation", BBC News, September 22, 1999.
  13. ^ "Opposition leader blasts 'undemocratic' government", BBC News, October 29, 1999.
  14. ^ "Côte d'Ivoire: Arrest warrant issued for opposition politician", IRIN, December 9, 1999.
  15. ^ a b "Côte d'Ivoire: Former Prime Minister returns home", IRIN, January 4, 2000.
  16. ^ "Côte d'Ivoire: Thousands of opposition party supporters demonstrate", IRIN, September 27, 1999.
  17. ^ "Côte d'Ivoire: US worried about arrests", IRIN, November 1, 1999.
  18. ^ "Côte d'Ivoire: Military coup announced", IRIN, December 24, 1999.
  19. ^ "Côte d'Ivoire: Former, current presidents address reconciliation forum", IRIN, November 14, 2001.
  20. ^ Page for RDR at Liberal International website Archived 2007-09-26 at the Wayback Machine.
  21. ^ "La nouvelle alliance contre Gbagbo" Archived 2021-06-25 at the Wayback Machine, rfi.fr, May 19, 2005 (in French).
  22. ^ "Côte d'Ivoire: Former political foes strike pact to oust Gbagbo", IRIN, May 18, 2005.
  23. ^ "Alassane Ouattara prêt à s'associer aux ex-rebelles", Agence France-Presse, February 3, 2008.
  24. ^ "Côte d'Ivoire President to attend UNCTAD XIII". UNCTAD (in Spanish). 23 March 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2022.
  25. ^ Anna Sylvestre-Treiner, "Côte d’Ivoire : Alassane Ouattara choisit Henriette Dagri Diabaté pour présider son parti", Jeune Afrique, 10 September 2017 (in French).
  26. ^ Kanate, Mamadou (21 February 2020). "Rhdp: Trazéré Célestine, justifiant son retour au sein de la famille des houphouétistes: "Je reviens vers...à mener sa vision"". Fratmat. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  27. ^ "Election de la nouvelle Président du RFR". August 23, 1998. Archived from the original on October 3, 2011.
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