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Roi Et province

Coordinates: 16°3′12″N 103°39′9″E / 16.05333°N 103.65250°E / 16.05333; 103.65250
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Roi Et
ร้อยเอ็ด
Province
From left to right, top to bottom: Wat Burapha Phiram, Wat Pa Kung, Bueng Phalan Chai, Phra Maha Chedi Chai Mongkhon, Ku Ka Sing
Flag of Roi Et
Flag
Official seal of Roi Et
Seal
Motto(s): 
สิบเอ็ดประตูเมืองงาม เรืองนามพระสูงใหญ่ ผ้าไหมสาเกต บุญผะเหวดประเพณี มหาเจดีย์ชัยมงคล งามน่ายลบึงพลาญชัย เขตกว้างไกลทุ่งกุลา โลกลือชาข้าวหอมมะลิ
("The beautiful eleven city gates. Renowned tallest Buddha image. Saket silk. The Bun Phawet festival. The great Chedi Chai Mongkhon. Fascinating Bueng Phalan Chai. The wide fields of Thung Kula. Internationally famous white rice.")
Map of Thailand highlighting Roi Et province
Map of Thailand highlighting Roi Et province
CountryThailand
CapitalRoi Et
Government
 • GovernorVacant
Area
[1]
 • Total
7,873 km2 (3,040 sq mi)
 • RankRanked 25th
Elevation
150 m (490 ft)
Population
 (2019)[2]
 • Total
1,305,211
 • RankRanked 14th
 • Density166/km2 (430/sq mi)
  • RankRanked 21st
Human Achievement Index
[3]
 • HAI (2022)0.6654 "high"
Ranked 10th
GDP
[4]
 • Totalbaht 73 billion
(US$2.4 billion) (2019)
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Postal code
45xxx
Calling code043
ISO 3166 codeTH-45
Websitewww.roiet.go.th

Roi Et (Thai: ร้อยเอ็ด, pronounced [rɔ́ːj ʔèt]; Northeastern Thai: ร้อยเอ็ด, pronounced [lɔ̂ːj ʔět]) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) lies in central northeastern Thailand also called Isan. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Kalasin, Mukdahan, Yasothon, Sisaket, Surin, and Maha Sarakham.

Toponymy

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The name of the province literally means 'one hundred and one' (Thai: ร้อยเอ็ด; RTGS: roi et ). Correctly, the number should be "eleven" (Thai: สิบเอ็ด; RTGS: sip et ), as the province was named after its eleven ancient gates built for its eleven vassal states. In ancient times, the number "eleven" was written "๑๐๑" (101) and the provincial name was written accordingly. Later, people took "๑๐๑" to mean 'one hundred and one' and have since then called it "Roi Et".[5]

Geography

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Most of the province is covered by plains about 130–160 meters above sea level, drained by the Chi River. In the north are the hills of the Phu Phan mountain range. The Yang River is the major watercourse. In the south is the Mun River, which also forms the boundary with Surin. At the mouth of the Chi River, where it enters the Mun River, a floodplain provides a good rice farming area. The total forest area is 346 km2 (134 sq mi) or 4.4 percent of provincial area.[1]

History

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The area was already settled at the time of the Khmer empire, as several ruins show. However, the main history of the province began when Lao people from Champasak settled near Suwannaphum during the Ayutthaya Kingdom.[citation needed] In the late-18th century, King Taksin moved the city to its present site, then called Saket Nakhon.[6]

Symbols

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The provincial seal shows the shrine of the city pillar, which is in the artificial lake Bueng Phalan Chai. The spirit of the shrine, Mahesak, is revered by local people.

The provincial tree is Lagerstroemia macrocarpa. The provincial aquatic life is the spiny eel Macrognathus siamensis. It is an ingredient in making a namya (curry sauce) for eating with khanom chin (rice vermicelli), a local delicacy.

Transportation

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Road

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Route 214 leads north to Kalasin and south to Kaset Wiset, Surin, and Prasat. Route 2044 leads east to Phon Thong. Route 23 leads west to Maha Sarakham and Ban Phai, and east to Yasothon and Ubon Ratchathani. Route 215 leads south to Suwannaphum and the border with Surin province.

Air

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Roi Et is served by Roi Et Airport to the north of the town.[7]Thai AirAsia operates daily flights to Don Mueang Airport 470 kilometers away.

Health

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Roi Et's main hospital is Roi Et Hospital, a regional hospital operated by the Ministry of Public Health.

Administrative divisions

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Map of twenty districts

Provincial government

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The province is divided into 20 districts (amphoes). The districts are further divided into 193 subdistricts (tambons) and 2,311 villages (mubans).

  1. Mueang Roi Et
  2. Kaset Wisai
  3. Pathum Rat
  4. Chaturaphak Phiman
  5. Thawat Buri
  6. Phanom Phrai
  7. Phon Thong
  8. Pho Chai
  9. Nong Phok
  10. Selaphum
  1. Suwannaphum
  2. Mueang Suang
  3. Phon Sai
  4. At Samat
  5. Moei Wadi
  6. Si Somdet
  7. Changhan
  8. Chiang Khwan
  9. Nong Hi
  10. Thung Khao Luang

Local government

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As of 26 November 2019 there are:[8] one Roi Et Provincial Administration Organisation (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 73 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Roi Et has town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 72 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 129 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[2]

Human achievement index 2022

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Health Education Employment Income
37 30 56 6
Housing Family Transport Participation
8 18 46 60
Province Roi Et, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6654 is "high", occupies place 10 in the ranking.

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.[3]

Rank Classification
  1 - 13 "high"
14 - 29 "somewhat high"
30 - 45 "average"
46 - 61 "somewhat low"
62 - 77 "low"
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  • Roi Et National Museum
    Roi Et National Museum
  • Roi Et City Hall
    Roi Et City Hall

References

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  1. ^ a b "ตารางที่ 2 พี้นที่ป่าไม้ แยกรายจังหวัด พ.ศ.2562" [Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019]. Royal Forest Department (in Thai). 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2021, information, Forest statistics Year 2019, Thailand boundary from Department of Provincial Administration in 2013{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  2. ^ a b รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ส.2562 [Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2019]. Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior. stat.bora.dopa.go.th (in Thai). 31 December 2019. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
  3. ^ a b "ข้อมูลสถิติดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี 2565 (PDF)" [Human Achievement Index Databook year 2022 (PDF)]. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC) (in Thai). Retrieved 12 March 2024, page 61{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  4. ^ "Gross Regional and Provincial Product, 2019 Edition". <>. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC). July 2019. ISSN 1686-0799. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
  5. ^ Royal Institute of Thailand (2010). Kotmai Tra Sam Duang Phra Thamnun (Chabap Ratchabandittayasathan) กฎหมายตราสามดวง พระทำนูน (ฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน) [The Code of the Three Great Seals: The Judicial Statute (Royal Institute Version)] (in Thai). Bangkok: Royal Institute of Thailand. pp. 39–40. ISBN 9786167073118.
  6. ^ "About Roi Et". Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 18 August 2019.
  7. ^ "Rob Muang Airport". OurAirports. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
  8. ^ "Number of local government organizations by province". dla.go.th. Department of Local Administration (DLA). 26 November 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2019. 47 Roi Et: 1 PAO, 1 Town mun., 72 Subdistrict mun., 129 SAO.
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16°3′12″N 103°39′9″E / 16.05333°N 103.65250°E / 16.05333; 103.65250

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