Template:Infobox 2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests

2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests
2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests
Part of Qatif conflict and the Arab Spring
Date	11 March 2011 – 24 December 2012; (1 year, 11 months and 3 days)
Location	Saudi Arabia; 24°39′00″N 46°46′01″E / 24.65°N 46.767°E
Caused by	Prisoners held without trial; Inequality for women; Corruption; High unemployment; Discrimination against Shias; Saudi troops intervention in Bahrain; Inspiration from concurrent regional protests; Arrest of Nimr al-Nimr;
Goals	Political and economic changes; Women's suffrage; Women's right to drive; Release of political prisoners; Deportation of Peninsula Shield Force from Bahrain; Equality for Shias; Constitution and independent legislative assembly in Eastern Province; Release of Nimr al-Nimr;
Methods	Demonstrations; Self-immolation; Internet activism;
Status	Saudi government victory; Occasional protests since 2013;
Concessions	US$130,000,000,000 to benefit citizens; Municipal elections held on 29 September 2011; Women to participate in 2015 municipal elections and be nominated to Consultative Assembly; Partial shift from imprisonment without trial to imprisonment with trial; King Khalid University president fired on 1 July 2012;
Parties
Saudi Arabian opposition groups show all (9) Coalition for Freedom and Justice ; Women to drive movement ; Saudi Civil and Political Rights Association ; Human Rights First Society ; Asharq Center for Human Rights ; Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in the Arabian Peninsula ; Society for Development and Change ; Association for the Protection and Defense of Women's Rights in Saudi Arabia ; Umma Islamic Party ; support by:; United States Iran	Saudi Arabian government Mabahith;
Lead figures
	Human Rights Defenders show all (3) Manal al-Sharif ; (Co-founder of Women to drive movement) ; Mohammad Fahad al-Qahtani ; (Leader and co-founder of the Saudi Civil and Political Rights Association) ; Wajeha al-Huwaider ; (Co-founder of The Association for the Protection and Defense of Women's Rights in Saudi Arabia) ; Independent Opposition leaders Faisal Ahmed Abdul-Ahad ; (Facebook Activist); Nimr al-Nimr ; (Sheikh); Hatoon al-Fassi ; (Female suffrage activist); Morsi al-Rebh ; (Shia Activist); King Abdullah; King of Saudi Arabia; Prince Salman; Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia; Prince Nayef; Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia (until June 2012); Prince Muhammad; Interior Minister
Number
Protesters:	Thousands
Online campaign:	26,000
Casualties and losses
Deaths:	36
Injuries:	100+
Arrests:	Riyadh: 50; East Province: 952
Deaths:	13 identified
Injuries:	Unknown
	v; t; e;

References

^ Laessing, Ulf; Alsharif, Asma (5 February 2011). "Saudi women protest, web activists call for reform". Swiss Info. Reuters. Archived from the original on 16 February 2011. Retrieved 16 February 2011.
^ ^a ^b "Voters register for Saudi municipal elections". Al Jazeera. 23 April 2011. Archived from the original on 25 April 2011. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c al-Huwaider, Wajeha (23 May 2011). "The Saudi woman who took to the driver's seat". France 24. Archived from the original on 26 May 2011. Retrieved 23 May 2011.
^ "Corruption in Saudi Arabia's Government reaches All Time Highs". Islam Times. 1 December 2009. Retrieved 2012-07-14.
^ Kawach, Nadim (17 April 2011). "Saudi public sector hit by corruption". Emirates 24/7. Archived from the original on 14 July 2012. Retrieved 2012-07-14.
^ "Saudi protests against unemployment". Al-Ahram. Reuters. 9 January 2011. Archived from the original on 14 July 2012. Retrieved 2012-07-14.
^ Alsharif, Asma; Jason Benham (10 April 2011). "Saudi unemployed graduates protest to demand jobs". Reuters. Archived from the original on 14 July 2012. Retrieved 2012-07-14.
^ al-Alawi, Irfan (1 April 2011). "Saudi Arabia's anti-protest fatwa is transparent". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2 April 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2011.
^ Jansen, Michael (19 March 2011). "Saudi king announces huge spending to stem dissent". The Irish Times. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
^ al-Saeri, Muqbil (March 2011). "A talk with Peninsula Shield force commander Mutlaq Bin Salem al-Azima". Asharq al-Awsat. Archived from the original on 29 March 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
^ "Saudi Shi'ites protest, support Bahrain brethren". Reuters. 16 March 2011. Archived from the original on 17 March 2011. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
^ Benham, Jason (25 March 2011). "Hundreds of Saudi Shi'ites protest in east". Reuters. Archived from the original on 25 March 2011. Retrieved 25 March 2011.
^ "Al-Nimr's death sentence triggers protest". yementimes.com.
^ Cockburn, Patrick (5 October 2011). "Saudi police 'open fire on civilians' as protests gain momentum". The Independent. UK. Archived from the original on 12 December 2011. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
^ "Two die during Saudi Arabia protest at Shia cleric arrest". 9 July 2012 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
^ ^a ^b "Saudi Arabia: Arrests for Peaceful Protest on the Rise". Human Rights Watch. 27 March 2011. Archived from the original on 31 March 2011. Retrieved 31 March 2011.
^ al-Suhaimy, Abeed (23 March 2011). "Saudi Arabia announces municipal elections". Asharq al-Awsat. Archived from the original on 2 April 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2011.
^ Abu-Nasr, Donna (28 March 2011). "Saudi Women Inspired by Fall of Mubarak Step Up Equality Demand". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 2 April 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2011.
^ "Saudis vote in municipal elections, results on Sunday". Oman Observer. AFP. 30 September 2011. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.
^ Alsharif, Asma (8 August 2012). "Saudi authorities crack down on rights campaigners: activists". Reuters. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-14.
^ Ottaway, David B. (3 August 2012). "Saudi Arabia's Race Against Time" (PDF). Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-14.
^ Rosie Bsheer (7 May 2012). "Saudi Revolutionaries: An Interview". Jadaliyya. Retrieved 12 November 2012.
^ "أمريكا تقول للسعوديين الحق في الاحتجاج سلميا". Reuters. 2011-03-08. Archived from the original on 2023-07-30. Retrieved 2023-07-30.
^ أحداث "القطيف" وعلاقة إيران بشيعة السعودية. مونت كارلو الدولية / MCD (in Arabic). 2011-10-07. Retrieved 2023-11-02.
^ "Saudi-Arabiens Mächtige werden nervös". Handelsblatt (in German). DPA. 2 March 2011. Archived from the original on 5 March 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
^ "Report: Saudi Facebook activist planning protest shot dead". Monsters and Critics. DPA. 2 March 2011. Archived from the original on 2 March 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
^ Bustamante, Tom (2 March 2011). "Iraq Oil Refinery Attack Shows Need for EarthSearch (ECDC) Systems". Wall Street Newscast. Archived from the original on 2 March 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
^ Matthiesen, Toby (23 January 2012). "Saudi Arabia: the Middle East's most under-reported conflict". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 23 January 2012. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
^ "Kuwait Navy set for Bahrain - Saudi Shias Rally". Arab Times. 18 March 2011. Archived from the original on 19 March 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
^ E, Sara (6 March 2011). "Saudi Facebook Administrator Faisal Ahmed Abdul-Ahadwas reportedly shot as Saudi Arabia bans protests ahead of its Day of Rage". EU-digest. Archived from the original on 9 March 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2011.
^ "Saudi police wound 3 Shiite protesters: witness". France 24. AFP. 10 March 2011. Archived from the original on 10 March 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2011.
^ "Saudi police break up protest outside Riyadh interior ministry". International Business Times. 21 March 2011. Archived from the original on 21 March 2011. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
^ Chulov, Martin (21 March 2011). "Egyptians endorse reforms but Arab discontent simmers". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 21 March 2011. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
^ "Women remain barred from voting as Saudi Arabia announces elections". The National. AP/Bloomberg. 23 March 2011. Archived from the original on 22 March 2011. Retrieved 22 March 2011.
^ "3 جرحى من الشرطة السعودية بهجوم مسلح في القطيف". جفرا نيوز. 2014-02-26. Archived from the original on 2023-06-01. Retrieved 2023-06-01.

[swiss_Saudi_5Feb-1] Laessing, Ulf; Alsharif, Asma (5 February 2011). "Saudi women protest, web activists call for reform". Swiss Info. Reuters. Archived from the original on 16 February 2011. Retrieved 16 February 2011.

[AJE_women2325April-2] "Voters register for Saudi municipal elections". Al Jazeera. 23 April 2011. Archived from the original on 25 April 2011. Retrieved 25 April 2011.

[France24_huwaiderfilmed-3] -Huwaider, Wajeha (23 May 2011). "The Saudi woman who took to the driver's seat". France 24. Archived from the original on 26 May 2011. Retrieved 23 May 2011.

[islam_times_alAhmedIGA_corruption-4] "Corruption in Saudi Arabia's Government reaches All Time Highs". Islam Times. 1 December 2009. Retrieved 2012-07-14.

[Emirates247_corruption-5] Kawach, Nadim (17 April 2011). "Saudi public sector hit by corruption". Emirates 24/7. Archived from the original on 14 July 2012. Retrieved 2012-07-14.

[Ahram_unemployment-6] "Saudi protests against unemployment". Al-Ahram. Reuters. 9 January 2011. Archived from the original on 14 July 2012. Retrieved 2012-07-14.

[ThReut_10apr2011_unemployment_protest-7] Alsharif, Asma; Jason Benham (10 April 2011). "Saudi unemployed graduates protest to demand jobs". Reuters. Archived from the original on 14 July 2012. Retrieved 2012-07-14.

[alAlawi_fatwa-8] -Alawi, Irfan (1 April 2011). "Saudi Arabia's anti-protest fatwa is transparent". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2 April 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2011.

[irishtimes_hugespending-9] Jansen, Michael (19 March 2011). "Saudi king announces huge spending to stem dissent". The Irish Times. Retrieved 3 April 2011.

[awsat_commander_alAzima-10] -Saeri, Muqbil (March 2011). "A talk with Peninsula Shield force commander Mutlaq Bin Salem al-Azima". Asharq al-Awsat. Archived from the original on 29 March 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.

[KSA_ThReut_16March-11] "Saudi Shi'ites protest, support Bahrain brethren". Reuters. 16 March 2011. Archived from the original on 17 March 2011. Retrieved 17 March 2011.

[ThReut_Qatif25Mar-12] Benham, Jason (25 March 2011). "Hundreds of Saudi Shi'ites protest in east". Reuters. Archived from the original on 25 March 2011. Retrieved 25 March 2011.

[13] "Al-Nimr's death sentence triggers protest". yementimes.com.

[indep_oct_livefire-14] Cockburn, Patrick (5 October 2011). "Saudi police 'open fire on civilians' as protests gain momentum". The Independent. UK. Archived from the original on 12 December 2011. Retrieved 15 January 2012.

[15] "Two die during Saudi Arabia protest at Shia cleric arrest". 9 July 2012 – via www.bbc.co.uk.

[HRW_Laessing_etc-16] "Saudi Arabia: Arrests for Peaceful Protest on the Rise". Human Rights Watch. 27 March 2011. Archived from the original on 31 March 2011. Retrieved 31 March 2011.

[alawsat_details-17] -Suhaimy, Abeed (23 March 2011). "Saudi Arabia announces municipal elections". Asharq al-Awsat. Archived from the original on 2 April 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2011.

[bloom_women-18] Abu-Nasr, Donna (28 March 2011). "Saudi Women Inspired by Fall of Mubarak Step Up Equality Demand". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 2 April 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2011.

[oman_observer_electionday-19] "Saudis vote in municipal elections, results on Sunday". Oman Observer. AFP. 30 September 2011. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-14.

[ThReut_120808_prisonplustrial-20] Alsharif, Asma (8 August 2012). "Saudi authorities crack down on rights campaigners: activists". Reuters. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-14.

[Ottaway_KSAanalysis_Aug2012-21] Ottaway, David B. (3 August 2012). "Saudi Arabia's Race Against Time" (PDF). Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-14.

[22] Rosie Bsheer (7 May 2012). "Saudi Revolutionaries: An Interview". Jadaliyya. Retrieved 12 November 2012.

[23] "أمريكا تقول للسعوديين الحق في الاحتجاج سلميا". Reuters. 2011-03-08. Archived from the original on 2023-07-30. Retrieved 2023-07-30.

[24] أحداث "القطيف" وعلاقة إيران بشيعة السعودية. مونت كارلو الدولية / MCD (in Arabic). 2011-10-07. Retrieved 2023-11-02.

[handelsblatt_Abdul-Ahad-25] "Saudi-Arabiens Mächtige werden nervös". Handelsblatt (in German). DPA. 2 March 2011. Archived from the original on 5 March 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2011.

[DPA_Abdul-Ahadwas-26] "Report: Saudi Facebook activist planning protest shot dead". Monsters and Critics. DPA. 2 March 2011. Archived from the original on 2 March 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2011.

[WSNewscast_Abdul-Ahadwas-27] Bustamante, Tom (2 March 2011). "Iraq Oil Refinery Attack Shows Need for EarthSearch (ECDC) Systems". Wall Street Newscast. Archived from the original on 2 March 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2011.

[Guardian_Oct11biggestdemos-28] Matthiesen, Toby (23 January 2012). "Saudi Arabia: the Middle East's most under-reported conflict". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 23 January 2012. Retrieved 2012-01-23.

[arabtimes_4kQatifetc_18March-29] "Kuwait Navy set for Bahrain - Saudi Shias Rally". Arab Times. 18 March 2011. Archived from the original on 19 March 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011.

[eudigest_26k_FB-30] E, Sara (6 March 2011). "Saudi Facebook Administrator Faisal Ahmed Abdul-Ahadwas reportedly shot as Saudi Arabia bans protests ahead of its Day of Rage". EU-digest. Archived from the original on 9 March 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2011.

[AFP_Qatif10March_3injured-31] "Saudi police wound 3 Shiite protesters: witness". France 24. AFP. 10 March 2011. Archived from the original on 10 March 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2011.

[ibtimes_20March-32] "Saudi police break up protest outside Riyadh interior ministry". International Business Times. 21 March 2011. Archived from the original on 21 March 2011. Retrieved 21 March 2011.

[guard_20March_Riyadh-33] Chulov, Martin (21 March 2011). "Egyptians endorse reforms but Arab discontent simmers". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 21 March 2011. Retrieved 21 March 2011.

[TheNational_KSA_municip_2011-34] "Women remain barred from voting as Saudi Arabia announces elections". The National. AP/Bloomberg. 23 March 2011. Archived from the original on 22 March 2011. Retrieved 22 March 2011.

[35] "3 جرحى من الشرطة السعودية بهجوم مسلح في القطيف". جفرا نيوز. 2014-02-26. Archived from the original on 2023-06-01. Retrieved 2023-06-01.

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