Thyrocervical trunk

Thyrocervical trunk
Thyrocervical trunk
	Superficial dissection of the right side of the neck, showing the carotid and subclavian arteries.
Details
Source	Subclavian artery
Branches	Inferior thyroid artery; Suprascapular artery; Transverse cervical artery
Identifiers
Latin	truncus thyrocervicalis
TA98	A12.2.08.042
TA2	4590
FMA	3990
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

The thyrocervical trunk is a short artery of the neck. It arises from the subclavian artery, then promptly divides into its branches: the inferior thyroid artery, suprascapular artery, and (sometimes) the transverse cervical artery.

Its branches explain the alternative name for this blood vessel: "truncus thyrobicervicoscapularis".^{[citation needed]}

Structure[edit]

The thyrocervical trunk is short and thick.^{[citation needed]}

The thyrocervical trunk is a branch of the subclavian artery.^[1]^[2] It arises from (the anterior aspect of) the first portion of this vessel, close to the medial border of the anterior scalene muscle;^[3] between the origin of the subclavian artery and the inner border of the scalenus anterior muscle.^{[citation needed]}

It is located distally to the vertebral artery and proximally to the costocervical trunk.^{[citation needed]}

The thyrocervical trunk promplty divides into its branches:^[3]

Inferior thyroid artery.
Suprascapular artery
Transverse cervical artery This is present in about 1/3 of cases. In the rest, the dorsal scapular and superficial cervical arteries arise separately.^[4]^{[further explanation needed]}

The suprascapular artery and transverse cervical artery both head laterally and cross in front of (anterior to) the scalenus anterior muscle and the phrenic nerve. The inferior thyroid artery runs superiorly from the thyrocervical trunk to the inferior portion of the thyroid gland. There is significant variation in the origin of these vessels.^[5]^{[verification needed]}

The internal thoracic artery labelled as internal mammary artery and its branches.

^ Alexander, Matthew D.; Hutcheson, David; Lawton, Michael (2021). "1 - Neurovascular arterial anatomy: Brain, head, and neck". Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 176. Elsevier. pp. 1–21. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-64034-5.00011-0. ISBN 978-0-444-64034-5. ISSN 0072-9752. PMID 33272390. S2CID 227280215.
^ Kaplan, Edwin L.; Angelos, Peter; James, Benjamin C.; Nagar, Sapna; Grogan, Raymon H. (2016). "96 - Surgery of the Thyroid". Endocrinology: Adult and Pediatric (7th ed.). Saunders. pp. 1666–1692. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-18907-1.00096-2. ISBN 978-0-323-18907-1.
^ ^a ^b Standring, Susan (2020). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (42th ed.). New York. p. 590. ISBN 978-0-7020-7707-4. OCLC 1201341621.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ Essentials of human anatomy Head and neck A.K. Dutta 5th Edition p94
^ Haas, Franz; Weiglein, Andreas (2009). "21 - Trapezius flap". Flaps and Reconstructive Surgery - Section Two. Saunders. pp. 249–269. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7216-0519-7.00021-6. ISBN 978-0-7216-0519-7.