User:Michael Goodyear/botanysandbox
Tables
[edit]Amaryllidaceae
[edit]Traub 1963[1] Subfamily: Amarylloideae |
Dahlgren 1985[2] | Müller-Doblies 1996[3] | Meerow 1998[4] |
---|---|---|---|
Infrafamily: Amarylloidinae Traubieae |
Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Traubiinae |
Hippeastreae |
Zephyrantheae | Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Zephyranthinae |
Hippeastreae |
Amarylleae | Hippeastreae | Amaryllideae Amaryllidinae Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
Amaryllideae Amaryllidinae |
Lycoreae | Lycorideae | Lycorideae | Lycorideae |
Narcisseae | Narcisseae | Narcisseae Narcissinae |
Narcisseae |
Galantheae | Galantheae | Narcisseae Galanthinae Lapiedrinae |
Galantheae |
Crineae | Amaryllideae | Amaryllideae Crininae Boophoninae |
Amaryllideae Crininae |
Cyrtantheae | Haemantheae | Haemantheae Cyrtanthinae |
Cyrtantheae |
Clivieae | Haemantheae | Haemantheae Cliviinae |
Haemantheae |
Haemantheae | Haemantheae | Haemantheae Haemanthinae |
Haemantheae |
Gethylleae | Haemantheae | Gethyllideae | Gethyllideae |
Strumarieae | Amaryllideae | Amaryllideae Strumariinae |
Amaryllideae Amaryllidinae |
Infrafamily: Pancratioidinae Pancratieae |
Pancratieae | Pancratieae Pancratiinae |
Pancratieae |
Stenomessae | Stenomesseae | Eustephieae Stenomessinae Eustephiinae |
Stenomesseae |
Euchareae | Eucharideae | Eucharideae Eucharidinae Hymenocallidinae Hippeastreae Griffiniinae Calostemmateae |
Eucharideae Hymenocallideae Hippeastreae |
Eustephieae | Stenomesseae | Eustephieae Stenomessinae Eustephiinae Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
Stenomesseae Eustephieae Hippeastreae |
Genus | Traub 1963 | Dahlgren 1985 | Müller-Doblies 1996 | Meerow 1998 | Garcia 2014 | Species |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Eithea formerly Hippeastrum blumenavium |
Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
1–2 | ||||
Famatina =Rhodophiala |
4 | |||||
Griffinia | Euchariae | Hippeastreae Griffinineae |
Hippeastreae | Griffineae | 21 | |
Habranthus | Zephyrantheae | Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Zephyranthinae |
Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
40 |
Haylockia | Zephyrantheae | Hippeastreae Zephyranthinae |
=Zephyranthes | =Zephyranthes | 1 | |
Hippeastrum | =Amaryllis | Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
60 |
Phycella | Eustephieae | Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Traubiinae |
6 | ||
Placea | Amarylleae | Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Traubiinae |
6 |
Sprekelia | Zephyrantheae | Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Zephyranthinae |
Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
2 |
Rhodolirium | =Rhodophiala | Hippeastreae Traubiinae |
5 | |||
Rhodophiala | Zephyrantheae | Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
8 |
Tocantinia | Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
1–2 | ||||
Traubia | Traubieae | Hippeastreae Traubinae |
Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Traubiinae |
1 | |
Worsleya | Amarylleae | Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae | Griffineae | 1 | |
Zephyranthes | Zephyrantheae | Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Zephyranthinae |
Hippeastreae | Hippeastreae Hippeastrinae |
50 |
A= Traubiinae: Placea, Phycella (including Famatina maulensis), Rhodolirium s. l., and Traubia
B= Hippeastrinae: Eithea, Habranthus, Hippeastrum, Rhodophiala (including Famatina p. p.), Sprekelia, Tocantinia, and Zephyranthes (including Haylockia (Zephyranthes) americana).
Liliaceae
[edit]Genus | Authority | Family | Subfamily | Order |
---|---|---|---|---|
List of genera included in Liliaceae by Cronquist | ||||
Abama=Narthecium | Adans. | |||
Agapanthus | L'Her. | Amaryllidaceae | Agapanthoideae | Asparagales |
Aletris | L. | Nartheciaceae | Dioscoreales | |
Alstroemeria | L. | Alstroemeriaceae | Liliales | |
Amaryllis | L. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Genera | sensu Dahlgren (1985) (tribes)[7] |
sensu Tamura (1998) subfamilies (tribes)[8][9] |
sensu APG |
Tribes | Subfamilies | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Streptopus | Uvulariaceae (Uvularieae) |
Calochortaceae (Tricyrtideae) |
Liliaceae5 | Streptopoideae syn. Scoliopaceae Takht. | |||
Scoliopus | Trilliaceae1 | Calochortaceae (Tricyrtideae) |
Liliaceae | ||||
Prosartes | Uvulariaceae (Uvularieae) |
Calochortaceae (Tricyrtideae) |
Liliaceae | ||||
Calochortus | Calochortaceae | Calochortaceae (Calochorteae) |
Liliaceae | Calochortoideae syn. Calochortaceae Dumort., Compsoaceae Horan., nom. illeg., Tricyrtidaceae Takht., nom. cons. | |||
Tricyrtis6 | Uvulariaceae (Tricyrtideae) |
Calochortaceae (Tricyrtideae) |
Liliaceae | ||||
Erythronium | Liliaceae | Liliaceae Lilioideae (Tulipeae) |
Liliaceae | ||||
1. Dahlgren expressed some uncertainty as to whether to include these genera in Trilliaceae or Uvulariaceae, tribus Uvularieae[7] 2. Some authorities embed Nomocharis within Lilium,[10][11] and Lloydia within Gagea.[12] Amana had been embedded in Tulipa but was subsequently restored as a separate genus.[13][14] 3. In Tamura's classification Lilioideae is used s.s. (Tulipeae s.l. and Lilieae s.s.), whereas in APWeb it is used s.l. to also include Medeoleae. Thus Lilioideae s.s. is equivalent to Lilieae s.l. 4. While Tulipae s.l. is embedded in Lilieae s.l. in APWeb, many authors continue to use it as a separate taxon[15][16] 5. "Core Liliales" corresponds to Liliaceae sensu APG, incorporating all genera shown here[17] 6. Tricyrtis is probably not a sister clade to Calochortus, and may represent a further subfamily separate from Calochortoideae[15][16] |
Genus | Authority | Family | Subfamily | Order |
---|---|---|---|---|
List of genera included in Liliaceae by Cronquist | ||||
Abama=Narthecium | Adans. | |||
Agapanthus | L'Her. | Amaryllidaceae | Agapanthoideae | Asparagales |
Aletris | L. | Nartheciaceae | Dioscoreales | |
Allium | L. | Amaryllidaceae | Allioideae | Asparagales |
Alstroemeria | L. | Alstroemeriaceae | Liliales | |
Amaryllis | L. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Amianthium | Gray | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Androstephium | Torr. | Asparagaceae | Brodiaeoideae | Asparagales |
Anthericum | L. | Asparagaceae | Agavoideae | Asparagales |
Asparagus | L. | Asparagaceae | Asparagoideae | Asparagales |
Asphodelus | L. | Xanthorrhoeaceae | Asphodeloideae | Asparagales |
Astelia | Joseph Banks & Soland. ex R. Br. | Asteliaceae | Asparagales | |
Atamosco= Zephyranthes | Adans. | |||
Bloomeria | Kellogg | Asparagaceae | Brodiaeoideae | Asparagales |
Brodiaea | Sm. | Asparagaceae | Brodiaeoideae | Asparagales |
Calochortus | Pursh | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Camassia | Lindl. | Asparagaceae | Agavoideae | Asparagales |
Cardiocrinum | (Endl.) Lindl. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Chamaelirium | Willd. | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Chionodoxa | Boiss. | Asparagaceae | Scilloideae | Asparagales |
Chlorogalum | Kunth | Asparagaceae | Agavoideae | Asparagales |
Chlorophytum | Ker-Gawl. | Asparagaceae | Agavoideae | Asparagales |
Clintonia | Raf. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Colchicum | L. | Colchicaceae | Liliales | |
Convallaria | L. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Cooperia | Herb. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Cordyline | Comm. ex R. Br. | Asparagaceae | Lomandroideae | Asparagales |
Crinum | L. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Curculigo | Gaertn. | Hypoxidaceae | Asparagales | |
Dasylirion | Zucc. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Dianella | Lam. | Xanthorrhoeaceae | Hemerocallidoideae | Asparagales |
Dichelostemma | Kunth | Asparagaceae | Brodiaeoideae | Asparagales |
Disporum[a] | Salisb. ex D. Don | Colchicaceae | Liliales | |
Dracaena | L. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Echeandia | Ortega | Asparagaceae | Agavoideae | Asparagales |
Eremocrinum | M.E.Jones | Asparagaceae | Agavoideae | Asparagales |
Erythronium | L. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Eucharis | Planch. & Lind. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Fritillaria | L. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Gagea | Salisb. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Galanthus | L. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Gloriosa | L. | Colchicaceae | Liliales | |
Habranthus | Herb. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Harperocallis | McDaniel | Tofieldiaceae | Alismatales | |
Hastingsia | S. Wats. | Asparagaceae | Agavoideae | Asparagales |
Helonias | L. | Melanthiaceae | Asparagales | |
Hemerocallis | L. | Xanthorrhoeaceae | Hemerocallidoideae | Asparagales |
Hesperanthes= Echeandia | S. Wats. | |||
Hesperocallis | Gray | Tofieldiaceae | Alismatales | |
Hesperoscordum= Triteleia | Lindl. | |||
Hippeastrum | Herb. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Hosta | Tratt. | Asparagaceae | Agavoideae | Asparagales |
Hyacinthoides | Medik. | Asparagaceae | Scilloideae | Asparagales |
Hyacinthus | L. | Asparagaceae | Scilloideae | Asparagales |
Hymenocallis | Salisb. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Ipheion | Raf. | Amaryllidaceae | Allioideae | Asparagales |
Kniphofia | Moench | Xanthorrhoeaceae | Asphodeloideae | Asparagales |
Leucocrinum | Nutt. ex Gray | Asparagaceae | Lomandroideae | Asparagales |
Leucojum | L. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Lilium | L. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Liriope | Lour. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Lloydia= Gagea | Salisb. ex Reichenb. | |||
Lophiola | Ker-Gawl. | Nartheciaceae | Dioscoreales | |
Lycoris | Herb. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Maianthemum | G.H. Weber ex Wiggers | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Medeola | L. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Melanthium | L. | Melanthiaceae | Asparagales | |
Milla | Cav. | Asparagaceae | Brodiaeoideae | Asparagales |
Muilla | S. Wats. ex Benth. | Asparagaceae | Brodiaeoideae | Asparagales |
Muscari | P. Mill. | Asparagaceae | Scilloideae | Asparagales |
Narcissus | L. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Narthecium | Huds. | Nartheciaceae | Dioscoreales | |
Nolina | Michx. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Nomocharis | Franch. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Notholirion | Wall. ex Boiss. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Nothoscordum | Kunth | Amaryllidaceae | Allioideae | Asparagales |
Odontostomum | Torr. | Tecophilaeaceae | Asparagales | |
Ophiopogon | Ker-Gawl. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Ornithogalum | L. | Asparagaceae | Scilloideae | Asparagales |
Pancratium | L. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Pleea | Michx. | Tofieldiaceae | Alismatales | |
Pleomele | Salisb. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Polygonatum | P. Mill. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Sansevieria | Thunb. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Schoenocaulon | Gray | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Schoenolirion | Torr. ex Dur. | Asparagaceae | Agavoideae | Asparagales |
Scilla | L. | Asparagaceae | Scilloideae | Asparagales |
Scoliopus | Torr. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Smilacina=Maianthemum | Desf. | |||
Stenanthium | (Gray) Kunth | Melanthiaceae | LIliales | |
Sternbergia | Waldst. & Kit. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Streptopus | Michx. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Tofieldia | Huds. | Tofieldiaceae | Alismatales | |
Tricyrtis | Wall. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Trillium | L. | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Tristagma | Poepp. | Amaryllidaceae | Allioideae | Asparagales |
Triteleia | Dougl. ex Lindl. | Asparagaceae | Brodiaeoideae | Asparagales |
Triteleiopsis | Hoover | Asparagaceae | Brodiaeoideae | Asparagales |
Tulipa | L. | Liliaceae | Liliales | |
Urginea | Steinh. | Asparagaceae | Scilloideae | Asparagales |
Uvularia | L. | Colchicaceae | Liliales | |
Vagnera=Maianthemum | Adans. | |||
Veratrum | L. | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Xerophyllum | Michx. | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Zephyranthes | Herb. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Zigadenus | Michx. | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
List of other genera historically included in Liliaceae s.l. | ||||
Albuca | L. | Asparagaceae | Scilloideae | Asparagales |
Anticlea | Kunth | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Arthropodium | R.Br. | Asparagaceae | Lomandroideae | Asparagales |
Bellevalia | Lapeyr. | Asparagaceae | Scilloideae | Asparagales |
Bomarea | Mirb. | Alstroemeriaceae | Liliales | |
Chionographis | Maxim. | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Conanthera | Ruiz & Pav. | Tecophilaeaceae | Asparagales | |
Cyclobothra= Calochortus | D.Don | |||
Daiswa | Raf. | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Drimia | Jacq. | Asparagaceae | Scilloideae | Asparagales |
Drimiopsis | Lindl. & Paxton | Asparagaceae | Scilloideae | Asparagales |
Eremurus | M.Bieb. | Xanthorrhoeaceae | Asphodeloideae | Asparagales |
Eriospermum | Jacq. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Eucrosia | Ker Gawl. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Eustephia | Cav. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Griffinia | Ker Gawl. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Heloniopsis | A.Gray | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Hemiphylacus | S.Wats. | Asparagaceae | Asparagoideae | Asparagales |
Herreria | Ruiz & Pav. | Asparagaceae | Agavoideae | Asparagales |
Hessea | Herb. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Hookera= Brodiaea | Salisb. | |||
Hypoxis | L. | Hypoxidaceae | Asparagales | |
Ismene | Salisb. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Jaimehintonia | B.L.Turner | Amaryllidaceae | Allioideae | Asparagales |
Johnsonia | Mill. | Asparagaceae | Lomandroideae | Asparagales |
Laxmannia | R.Br. | Asparagaceae | Lomandroideae | Asparagales |
Lepidopharynx= Hippeastrum | Rusby | |||
Metanarthecium | Maxim. | Nartheciaceae | Dioscoreales | |
Miersia | Lindl. | Amaryllidaceae | Allioideae | Asparagales |
Molineria | Colla | Hypoxidaceae | Asparagales | |
Nietneria | Klotzsch | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Paradisea | Mazzuc. | Anthericaceae | Asparagales | |
Paris | L. | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Peliosanthes | Andrews | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Phaedranassa | Herb. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Selonia= Eremurus | Regel | |||
Stropholirion= Dichelostemma | Torr. | |||
Theropogon | Maxim. | Amaryllidaceae | Allioideae | Asparagales |
Tovaria | Neck. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Toxicoscordion | Rydb. | Melanthiaceae | Liliales | |
Tracyanthus= Stenanthium | Small | |||
Tulbaghia | Heist. | Amaryllidaceae | Allioideae | Asparagales |
Tupistra | Ker Gawl. | Asparagaceae | Nolinoideae | Asparagales |
Urceolina | Rchb. | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllidoideae | Asparagales |
Wurmbea | Thunb. | Colchicaceae | Liliales |
Taxonomy of Liliaceae
[edit]Subfamily | Tribe | Genus | |
---|---|---|---|
Lilioideae Eaton | Medeoleae Benth. Synonyms: Medeolaceae Takht., Medeoloideae Benth. |
Clintonia Raf.U – bead lilies | |
Medeola Gronov. ex L. – Indian cucumber-root | |||
Lilieae Ritgen Synonyms: Erythroniaceae Martinov, Fritillariaceae Salisb., Liriaceae Borkh., Tulipaceae Borkh. |
Cardiocrinum (Endl.) Lindl. – giant lilies | ||
Fritillaria Tourn. ex L. – fritillary or mission bells | |||
Gagea Salisb. (including Lloydia Salisb. ex Rchb.) – yellow star-of-Bethlehem | |||
Lilium Tourn. ex L. – lily | |||
Nomocharis Franch. | |||
Notholirion Wall. ex Boiss. | |||
"Tulipeae" – Tribe separated from Lilieae in some classifications,[18] including Tamura (1998)[8] |
Tulipa L. (including Amana Honda) – tulip | ||
Erythronium L. – trout lily | |||
Calochortoideae Dumort. Synonyms: Calochortaceae Dumort., Compsoaceae Horan., nom. illeg., Tricyrtidaceae Takht., nom. cons. – Paraphyletic; a separate subfamily for Tricyrtis has been proposed[15] |
Calochortus Pursh – mariposa, globe lilies | ||
Tricyrtis Wall.U – toad lily | |||
Streptopoideae Synonym: Scoliopaceae Takht. |
Prosartes D.DonU – drops of gold | ||
Scoliopus Torr.T – Fetid Adder's Tongue | |||
Streptopus Michx.U – twistedstalk | |||
Dahlgren (1985)[7] included several genera in UvulariaceaeU and TrilliaceeeT. Calochortaceae used to be a separate family for Calochortus in Dahlgren's system, while in the sense of Tamura (1998)[8] it included all genera in the modern subfamilies Calochortoideae and Streptopoideae. |
Subdivision
[edit]Tamura[19] | Takhtajan[20] | Taxonomicon[21] | APweb[22] | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Family | Subfamily | Tribe | Family | Tribe | Family | Subfamily | Tribe | Family | Subfamily | Tribe |
Liliaceae | Lilioideae | Lilieae | Liliaceae | Lloydieae | Liliaceae | Lilioideae | Lloydieae | Liliaceae | Lilioideae | Lilieae |
Lilieae | Lilieae | |||||||||
Tulipeae | Tulipeae | Tulipeae | ||||||||
Medeoloideae | Medeolaceae | Medeola, Clintonia | Medeoleae | |||||||
Calochortaceae | Calochorteae | Scoliopaceae | Calochortoideae | Calochortoideae | ||||||
Tricyrtideae | Tricyrtidaceae | Streptopoideae | Streptopoideae |
- Fritillaria
Baker (1874)[24] Subgenera |
Boissier (1882)[b][25] Sections |
Rix (2001)[26] Subgenera |
---|---|---|
Eufritillaria (2) | Eufritillaria (30) 2 subsections |
Fritillaria 2 sections |
Monocodon (24) | ||
Goniocarpa (5) | ||
Amblirion (9) | ||
Rhinopetalum (1) | Theresia (2) | Rhinopetalum |
Theresia (3) | Theresia (1) | |
Petilium (2) | Petilium (1) | Petilium |
Liliorhiza (3) | Liliorhiza 3 series | |
Korolkowia (1) | Korolkowia (1) | |
Davidii (1) | ||
Japonica (5) | ||
Notholirion (2) | Genus | Genus |
Notes
1. Number of species in (parentheses) |
German | Latin | English |
---|---|---|
Abteilung | divisio | Division |
Unterabteilung | subdivisio | Subdivision |
Klasse | classis | Class |
Reihe | ordo | Order |
Unterreihe | subordo | Suborder |
Fam. | familia | Family |
Unterfam. | subfamilia | Subfamily |
§ | tribus | Tribe |
Clade | Tribe |
---|---|
Acre | Sedeae |
Leucosedum | |
Aeonium | Aeonieae |
Sempervivum | Semperviveae |
Rhodiola | Umbiliceae |
Hylotelephium | Telephieae |
Note
Clades containing Sedum, shown in blue |
Classification
[edit]Narcissus
Name | Authority | Common name | |
---|---|---|---|
Narcissus obsoletus syn. N. miniatus |
(Haw.) Spach | ||
Narcissus serotinus Type species |
L. |
Number | Name | Definition |
---|---|---|
1 | Trumpet | Solitary flower with corona as long as, or longer than the tepals |
2 | Large cupped | Solitary flower with corona more than one- third, but less than equal to the length of the tepals |
3 | Small cupped | Solitary flower with corona not more than one-third the length of the tepals |
4 | Double | One or more flowers with doubling of the corona or tepals or both |
5 | Triandrus | Two or more flowers with characteristics of N. triandrus, flowers pendant and tepals reflexed |
6 | Cyclamineus | Solitary flower with characteristics of N. cyclamineus, flowers acutely angled to stem, very short pedicel, tepals reflexed |
7 | Jonquilla and Apodanthus |
One to five, but rarely up to eight flowers with characteristics of sections Jonquilla or Apodanthi, flowers acutely angled to stem, corona cup or funnel shaped or flared, and usually wider than long, tepals spreading or reflexed, usually fragrant |
8 | Tazetta | Three to twenty flowers, with characteristics of section Tazetta , flowers with tepals spreading, usually fragrant, stem stout |
9 | Poeticus | Usually solitary flower, with characteristics of N. poeticus, flowers with corona very short to disc shaped, usually green and or yellow centre and red rim (sometimes a single colour), tepals white, usually fragrant |
10 | Bulbocodium | Usually solitary flower, with characteristics of section Bulbocodium, flowers with tepals insignificant relative to corona, anthers dorsiflexed, filament and style usually curved |
11 | Split corona | Corona split, usually for more than half its length |
(a) Collar | Corona two whorls of three, opposite tepals | |
(b) Papillon | Corona usually single whorl of six, alternate to tepals | |
12 | Other | Not fitting of the above definitions |
13 | Botanical names only | Wild (species) daffodils and hybrids without cultivar names |
Fernandes 1975[27][28] | Webb 1978[29] | Blanchard 1990[30] | Mathew 2002[31] | Zonnefeld 2008[32] | RHS 2013[33] | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subgenus | Section | Subsection | Section | Subsection | Section | Subsection | Subgenus | Section | Subsection | Series | Subgenus | Section | Section |
Hermione | Serotini | Serotini | Serotini | Hermione | Hermiome | Serotini | Hermione | Serotini | Serotini | ||||
Hermione | Angustifolii | Tazettae | Angustifoliae | Tazettae | Angustifoliae | Angustifoliae | Tazettae | Tazettae | |||||
Hermione | Tazettae | Tazettae | Hermione | Hermione | |||||||||
Aurelia | Aurelia | Aurelia | Albiflorae | ||||||||||
Aurelia | Aurelia | ||||||||||||
Narcissus | Apodanthi | Apodanthae | Narcissus | Jonquillae | Apodanthi | Narcissus | Apodanthi | Apodanthi | |||||
Jonquilla | Jonquilla | Jonquillae | Jonquillae | Jonquillae | Jonquillae | Jonquilla | Jonquilla | ||||||
Juncifolii | Apodanthi | Chloranthi | Juncifolii | ||||||||||
Tapeinanthus | Tapeinanthus | Tapeinanthus | Tapeinanthus | Tapeinanthus | Tapeinanthus | ||||||||
Ganymedes | Ganymedes | Ganymedes | Ganymedes | Ganymedes | Ganymedes | ||||||||
Bulbocodium | Bulbocodium | Bulbocodium | Bulbocodium | Bulbocodium | |||||||||
Pseudonarcissus | Pseudonarcissi | Pseudonarcissi | Pseudonarcissus | Pseudonarcissus | Pseudonarcissus | Pseudonarcissus | |||||||
Reflexi | Nevadensis | ||||||||||||
Narcissus | Narcissus | Narcissus | Narcissus | Narcissus | Narcissus | ||||||||
Chloranthi (N. viridiflorus) |
Corbularia syn. Bulbocodium |
Liliaceae
Tamura[19] | Takhtajan[20] | Taxonomicon[21] | APweb[22] | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Family | Subfamily | Tribe | Family | Tribe | Family | Subfamily | Tribe | Family | Subfamily | Tribe |
Liliaceae | Lilioideae | Lilieae | Liliaceae | Lloydieae | Liliaceae | Lilioideae | Lloydieae | Liliaceae | Lilioideae | Lilieae |
Lilieae | Lilieae | |||||||||
Tulipeae | Tulipeae | Tulipeae | ||||||||
Medeoloideae | Medeolaceae | Medeola, Clintonia | Medeoleae | |||||||
Calochortaceae | Calochorteae | Scoliopaceae | Calochortoideae | Calochortoideae | ||||||
Tricyrtideae | Tricyrtidaceae | Streptopoideae | Streptopoideae |
Rank | Bentham and Hooker (1862) | Cronquist (1981)[35] | Takhtajan (1980)[20] | Dahlgren (1985)[36] | Thorne (1992)[37] | APG (2003) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Division | Magnoliophyta | Magnoliophyta | ||||
Class | Monocotyledons | Liliopsida | Liliopsida | Liliopsida | Angiospermae | |
Subclass | Liliidae | Liliidae | Liliidae | Liliidae | ||
Superorder (Series) | Coronarieæ | Dioscoreanae | Lilianae | Lilianae | Monocots | |
Order | Liliales | Liliales | Liliales | Liliales | Liliales |
Genera
[edit]Subfamily | Tribe | Genus |
---|---|---|
Lilioideae Eaton | Medeoleae Benth. (synonyms: Medeolaceae Takht., Medeoloideae Benth.) | Clintonia Raf. |
Medeola Gronov. ex L. | ||
Lilieae Ritgen (synonyms: Erythroniaceae Martinov, Fritillariaceae Salisb., Liriaceae Borkh., Tulipaceae Borkh.) | Cardiocrinum (Endl.) Lindl. | |
Erythronium L. – trout lily | ||
Fritillaria Tourn. ex L. | ||
Gagea Salisb. (including Lloydia Salisb. ex Rchb.) | ||
Lilium Tourn. ex L. – lily | ||
Nomocharis Franch. | ||
Notholirion Wall. ex Boiss. | ||
Tulipa L. (including Amana Honda) – tulip | ||
Calochortoideae Dumort. (synonyms: Calochortaceae Dumort., Compsoaceae Horan., nom. illeg., Tricyrtidaceae Takht., nom. cons.) | Calochortus Pursh | |
Tricyrtis Wall. - toad lily | ||
Streptopoideae (synonym: Scoliopaceae Takht.) | Prosartes D.Don | |
Scoliopus Torr. | ||
Streptopus Michx. |
Narcissus
Subgenus | Section | Subsection | Series | Type species |
---|---|---|---|---|
Narcissus Pax | Narcissus L. | N. poeticus L. | ||
Pseudonarcissus DC | N. pseudonarcissus L. | |||
Ganymedes Salisbury ex Schultes and Schultes fil. | N. triandrus L. | |||
Jonquillae De Candolle | Jonquillae DC | N. jonquilla L. | ||
Apodanthi (A. Fernandes) D. A. Webb | N. rupicola Dufour | |||
Chloranthi D. A. Webb | N. viridiflorus Schousboe | |||
Tapeinanthus (Herbert) Traub | N. cavanillesii A. Barra and G. López | |||
Hermione (Salisbury) Spach | Hermione | Hermione | Hermione | N. tazetta L. |
Albiflorae Rouy. | N. papyraceous Ker-Gawler | |||
Angustifoliae (A. Fernandes) F.J Fernándes-Casas | N. elegans (Haw.) Spach | |||
Serotinii Parlatore | N. serotinus L. | |||
Aurelia (J. Gay) Baker | N. broussonetii Lagasca | |||
Corbularia (Salisb.) Pax | N. bulbocodium L. |
Morphology
[edit]Inflorescence buds | Leaf scales | Leaf shoots | Leaves | Subgenus | Section |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Terminal | Present | Rhododendron | |||
Absent | Previous year | Evergreen | Hymenanthes | ||
Deciduous | Pentanthera | Pentanthera | |||
Rhodora | |||||
Viscidula | |||||
Lowest leaves | Pentanthera | Sciadorhodion | |||
Tsutsusi | |||||
Lateral | Evergreen | Azaleastrum | |||
Deciduous | Candidastrum | ||||
Mumeazalea | |||||
Therorhodion |
Chamberlain (1996) | Goetsch | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Subgenus | Section | Species | Subgenus | Section |
Menziesa | Azaleastrum | Sciadorhodion | |||
Candidastrum | |||||
Tsutsusi | Tsutsusi | ||||
Mumeazaleum | |||||
Pentanthera | Viscidula | ||||
Pentanthera | Hymenanthes | Pentanethra | |||
Rhodora | R.canadense | ||||
R.vaseyi | Azaleastrum | Sciadorhodion | |||
Azaleastrum | Choniastrum | Choniastrum |
Zantedeschia
[edit]Species | Leaf shape | Leaf size[40] | Maculation |
---|---|---|---|
Z. aethiopica | Ovate-cordate or hastate | 15–45×10–25 cm[40] | rare |
Z. odorata | Ovate to cordate | none | |
Z. albomaculata subsp. albomaculata |
Oblong-hastate | 20–50×6–8 cm[40] | rare |
Z. albomaculata subsp. macrocarpa |
Triangular-hastate | 18–20×5–7 cm[40] | sparse |
Z. valida | Ovate to cordate to ovate-orbicular-cordate | none | |
Z. elliottiana | Orbicular-ovate | 22×18 cm[40] | present |
Z. jucunda | Triangular-hastate | dense | |
Z. pentlandii | Oblong-elliptic to oblong-lanceolate | seldom | |
Z. rehmannii | Lanceolate | 20–30×3 cm[40] | none |
Templates
[edit]Botanist
uses parameters inline border citemode
returns
The standard author abbreviation {{{1}}} is used to indicate this individual as the author when citing a botanical name.(ref) Author Query for 'Goldblatt'. International Plant Names Index. Author query = http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advAuthorSearch.do?find_abbreviation=Goldblatt
The standard List of botanists by author abbreviation|author abbreviation {{{1}}} is used to indicate this individual as the author when citing a botanical name
Cladograms
[edit]- Galanthus
Cladogram of evolutionary lines in Galanthus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
{{cladogram
| title=Cladogram of evolutionary lines in ''Galanthus''
| align=''center''
| cladogram={{clade|style="text-align:left; padding:2.5px; background:#eef"; width:500px;
| label1= ''Galanthus''
| 1={{clade
| 1=Platyphyllus
| 2={{clade
| 1=Trojanus
| 2={{clade
| 1={{clade
| 1=Ikariae
| 2=Elwesii}}
| 2={{clade
| 1=Nivalis
| 2={{clade
| 1=Woronowii
| 2=Alpinus}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}}}
- Allium
Cladogram of evolutionary lines in Allium | |||||||||||||||
|
; ''Allium'' {{cladogram | title=Cladogram of evolutionary lines in ''Allium'' | align=''center'' | cladogram={{clade|style="text-align:left; padding:2.5px; background:#eef"; width:500px; | label1=''Allium'' | 1={{clade | 1=First evolutionary line | 2={{clade | 1=Second evolutionary line | 2=Third evolutionary line }} }} }} }}
- Crassulaceae
Cladogram of evolutionary lines in Crassulaceae | |||||||||||||||
|
- Angiosperms
Cladogram I: The phylogeny of the angiosperms, as of APG III (2009)[42] |
{{cladogram
| title={{anchor|Clad1}}Cladogram I: The [[phylogenetics|phylogeny]] of the angiosperms, as of APG III (2009){{sfn|APG III|2009}}
| align="center"
| cladogram={{clade|style="text-align:left; padding:2.5px; background:#eef"; width:500px;
| label1=angiosperms
| 1={{clade
|1=''[[Amborella]]''
|2={{clade
|1=[[Nymphaeales]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Austrobaileyales]]
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=[[magnoliids]]
|2=[[Chloranthales]]
}}
|2={{clade
|1=[[monocots]]
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Ceratophyllum]]''
|2=[[eudicots]]
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}} }}
- Monocots
Cladogram I: The current phylogeny and composition of the monocots.[42] |
{{cladogram
| title={{anchor|Clad1}}Cladogram I: The current [[phylogenetics|phylogeny]] and composition of the monocots.{{sfn|APG III|2009}}
| align="center"
|cladogram={{clade|style="text-align:left; padding:2.5px; background:#eef"; width:500px;
|1={{clade
| 1={{clade
| 1=[[Chloranthaceae]]
| 2=[[magnoliids]]
| label3=monocots
| 3={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=[[Acorales]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Alismatales]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Petrosaviales]]
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=[[Dioscoreales]]
|2=[[Pandanales]]
}}
|2={{clade
|1=[[Liliales]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Asparagales]]
|label2= [[commelinids]]
|2= {{clade
|1=[[Dasypogonaceae]]
|2=[[Arecales]]
|3=[[Poales]]
|4={{clade
|1=[[Zingiberales]]
|2=[[Commelinales]]
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
| 4={{clade
|1=''[[Ceratophyllum]]''
|2=[[eudicots]]
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
- With bars (see Lilioid monocots)
|
Lilioid monocots 122 |
{{barlabel|size=12|at1=5|label1=Lilioid monocots 122|bar1=purple||style=font-size:100%;line-height:125%;width:400px;|cladogram= {{clade | align=center |label1= [[Lilianae]] ''sensu'' Chase & Reveal (monocots) 131{{sfn|ps=none|Chase|Reveal|2009}} |1={{clade | 1={{cladex | 1={{cladex |label1= | 1= [[Acorales]] | 2= {{cladex |label1= | 1= [[Alismatales]] |label2=122 | 2={{cladex| thickness=3 | 1=[[Petrosaviales]] | barbegin1=purple |label1= | 2={{cladex| thickness=3 |label1=120 | 1={{cladex| thickness=3 | 1=[[Dioscoreales]] 115| bar1=purple | 2=[[Pandanales]] 91 | bar2=purple }} | 2={{cladex |thickness=3 | 1= [[Liliales]] 121| bar1=purple |label2=121 | 2= {{cladex |thickness=3 | 1= [[Asparagales]] 120| barend1=purple |label2=[[commelinids]] 118 | 2= {{cladex |1 = [[Dasypogonaceae]] |label1= |2 = [[Arecales]] |3 = [[Poales]] |4 = {{cladex | 1= [[Zingiberales]] | 2= [[Commelinales]] |label1= }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}
- Lilianae
- Phylogeny of the orders of Lilianae
Cladogram : Phylogeny of the orders of Lilianae |
1. Phylogenetic tree reflecting relationships based on molecular phylogenetic evidence.[43]
2. The Dasypogonaceae represent an unplaced commelinid family, for which the order Dasypogonales has been suggested.[43] |
{{cladogram 1 | title=Cladogram : Phylogeny of the orders of Lilianae | caption=1. Phylogenetic tree reflecting relationships based on molecular phylogenetic evidence.{{sfn|Chase|Reveal|2009}} 2. The [[Dasypogonaceae]] represent an unplaced commelinid family, for which the order Dasypogonales has been suggested.{{sfn|Chase|Reveal|2009}}| align=left | cladogram={{clade|style=font-size:100%;line-height:125%;width:400px; |label1= Lilianae |1={{clade 2 | 1={{cladex 3 | 1={{cladex | 1= [[Acorales]] | 2= {{cladex 4 |label1= | 1= [[Alismatales]] | 2={{cladex 5 | 1=[[Petrosaviales]] | 2={{cladex 6 | 1={{cladex | 1=[[Dioscoreales]] 7 | 2=[[Pandanales]] }} 6 | 2={{cladex 7 | 1= [[Liliales]] | 2= {{cladex 8 | 1= [[Asparagales]] |label2=[[commelinids]] | 2= {{cladex 9 |1 = [[Dasypogonaceae]] |2 = [[Arecales]] |3 = [[Poales]] |4 = {{cladex 10 | 1= [[Zingiberales]] | 2= [[Commelinales]] }} 9 }} 8 }} 7 }} 6 }} }} }} }} }}
Work in progress
[edit]{{cladogram | title=Cladogram : Phylogeny of the orders of Lilianae | caption=1. Phylogenetic tree reflecting relationships based on molecular phylogenetic evidence.{{sfn|Chase|Reveal|2009}} 2. The [[Dasypogonaceae]] represent an unplaced commelinid family, for which the order Dasypogonales has been suggested.{{sfn|Chase|Reveal|2009}}| align=left | cladogram={{clade|style=font-size:100%;line-height:125%;width:400px; |label1= Lilianae |1={{clade | 1={{cladex | 1={{cladex | 1= [[Acorales]] | 2= {{cladex |label1= | 1= [[Alismatales]] | 2={{cladex | 1=[[Petrosaviales]] | 2={{cladex | 1={{cladex | 1=[[Dioscoreales]] | 2=[[Pandanales]] }} | 2={{cladex | 1= [[Liliales]] | 2= {{cladex | 1= [[Asparagales]] |label2=[[commelinids]] | 2= {{cladex |1 = [[Dasypogonaceae]] |2 = [[Arecales]] |3 = [[Poales]] |4 = {{cladex | 1= [[Zingiberales]] | 2= [[Commelinales]] }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} |1={{clade | label1= |1={{clade |1= |2=[[magnoliids]] |3={{clade |label1='''monocots''' |1={{clade |1=[[Acorales]] |2={{clade |1=[[Alismatales]] |2={{clade |1=[[Petrosaviales]] |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=[[Dioscoreales]] |2=[[Pandanales]] }} |2={{clade |1=[[Liliales]] |2={{clade |1=[[Asparagales]] |2=[[commelinids]] }} }} }} }} }} }} }} |4={{clade |1=''[[Ceratophyllum]]'' |2=[[eudicots]] }} }} }} }} }} }}
- Adding table
clade monocots :
|
|
The current phylogeny and composition of the monocots.[42] |
Section
[edit]Cladogram I: The phylogeny of the angiosperms, as of APG III (2009)[42] |
Angiosperms
[edit]Cladogram II: The phylogeny of the angiosperms, as of APG III (2009)[42] |
Fritillaria
[edit]- Fritillaria
Cladogram I of infrageneric phylogeny and subgenera of Fritillaria [45] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Cladogram II of infrageneric phylogeny and subgenera of Fritillaria[45] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Cladogram III of infrageneric phylogeny and subgenera of Fritillaria[46] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Cladogram of infrageneric phylogeny and subgenera of Fritillaria[46] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Cladogram of polytomy within Lilieae s.s.[46] | ||||||||||||
|
Cladogram of polytomy within Lilieae s.s.[46] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Evolution analysis
[edit]- (Plant) Taxonomy
- Phylogeny
- Systematics - systematic botany = taxonomy - plant diversity science - Biosystematics
- variation - causes and consequences of variation - data used to produce system - includes understanding of evolutionary processes and pathways - unifying and integrating role - relationships between evidence and diversity - synthesising
- The taxonomic evidence: morphology, anatomy, embryology, chromosomes, palynology, secondary plant compounds, proteins, and DNA.
- components - studies - gathering of evidence - system - nomenclature - documentation - evolutionary lines - phylogenetic theory - statistics and computing - morphology - karyology - cytogenetics - geography - embryology - ecology
- Classification that reflects totality of similarities and differences
related to every branch of science - essence
- Evolution - evolutionary history
Cladistics supplanted phenetics re-introducing evolutionary information, phyletics even more so. Phylogenetic=Evolutionary rules of arrangement taxis nomous - evolved since De Candolle 1813
Sources:
- Cronquist: The evolution and classification of flowering plants
- Dahlgren, Rolf; Clifford, H. T. (1982). The monocotyledons: A comparative study. London and New York: Academic Press.
- Dahlgren, R.M.; Clifford, H.T.; Yeo, P.F. (1985). The families of the monocotyledons. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-642-64903-5. Retrieved 10 February 2014.
- Datta, Subhash Chandra (1988). Systematic Botany (4 ed.). New Delhi: New Age Intl. ISBN 81-224-0013-2. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
- Davis, Peter Hadland; Heywood, Vernon Hilton (1963). Principles of angiosperm taxonomy. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd. ISBN 9780882751290. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- Jeffrey, Charles (1982) [1968]. An introduction to plant taxonomy (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521287753.
- Judd, Walter S.; Campbell, Christopher S.; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.; Stevens, Peter F.; Donoghue, Michael J. (2007) [1999]. Plant systematics: a phylogenetic approach (3rd (2nd. 2002) ed.). Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-407-2. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
- Kubitzki, Klaus, ed. (1977). Flowering Plants : Evolution and classification of higher categories. Symposium, Hamburg, September 8–12, 1976. Plant Systematics & Evolution - Supplementum 1. Wien: Springer. p. 416. ISBN 978-3-211-81434-5. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
- Kubitzki, Klaus; Huber, Herbert, eds. (1998). The families and genera of vascular plants. Vol.3. Flowering plants. Monocotyledons: Lilianae (except Orchidaceae). Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 3-540-64060-6. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
- Leadlay, Etelka; Jury, Stephen, eds. (2006). Taxonomy and plant conservation: the cornerstone of the conservation and the sustainable use of plants. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-84506-9. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
- Naikh, V.N. (1984). Taxonomy of Angiosperms. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN 978-0-07-451788-8.
- Sambamurty, A. V. S. S. (2005). Taxonomy of angiosperms. New Delhi: I.K. International. ISBN 978-81-88237-16-6. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
- Simpson, Michael G. (2011). Plant Systematics. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-08-051404-8. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
- Singh, Gurcharan (2004). Plant Systematics: An Integrated Approach. Science Publishers. ISBN 1-57808-351-6. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
- Soltis, D.E.; Soltis, P.F.; Endress, P.K.; Chase, M.W. (2005). Phylogeny and evolution of angiosperms. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer. ISBN 9781588342010. excerpts
- Stace, Clive A. (1989) [1980]. Plant taxonomy and biosystematics (2nd. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-42785-2. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
- Stuessy, Tod F. (2009). Plant Taxonomy: The Systematic Evaluation of Comparative Data. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-14712-5. Retrieved 6 February 2014.
- Lawrence, G. H. M. (1951). Taxonomy of vascular plants. New York: Macmillan.
- Walters, Dirk R.; Keil, David J. (1996). Vascular Plant Taxonomy. Kendall Hunt. ISBN 0-7872-2108-2. Retrieved 10 February 2014.
Rhodo template
[edit]Category:Botany templates Category:Botany Category:Rhododendron
Jan de Graaff
[edit]The de Graaff brothers (De Gebroeders de Graaff, Gebr. de Graaff) were a Dutch horticultural family company based in Lisse, Netherlands, in an area known as Duin- en Bollenstreek (Dune and Bulb Region).
History
[edit]The family business was founded by Cornelis de Graaff in 1723.[47] [48] They became notable in the nineteenth century when Jan de Graaff and his two sons developed the Reginae strain of hybrids of Hippeastrum by crossing Hippeastrum vitatum and Hippeastrum striatum with Hippeastrum psittacinum and some of the better hybrids available in Europe at the time. Some of the most successful hybrids were Graveana and Empress of India.[49]
In the twentieth century the business was continued in the United States in the de Graaf nursery in Oregon (Oregon Bulb Farms 1928) by another Jan de Graaff (1903-1989), who became known as an international expert on Lillies.
Awards
[edit]The brothers were awarded a First Class Certificate by the Dutch Horticultural Society for their development of Hippeastrum 'Koningen Wilhelmina', inter alia in 1891.[50]
External links
[edit]- De Graaff Brothers materials. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1905
- Cover of 1902 catalogue
- WHOLESALE CATALOGUE OF HYACINTHS, TULIPS, DAFFODILS, CROCUSES ETC. DE GRAAFF BROS INC. 1929
- 1930 catalogue
- Registration: V.O.F. Gebroeders De Graaff
- Jan de Graaf. Oregon Bulb Farms. 1956
Voigt
[edit]Friedrich Siegmund Voigt | |
---|---|
Born | 1791 |
Died | December 10 1850 |
Nationality | German |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Zoology, Botany |
Author abbrev. (botany) | F.Voigt |
Author abbrev. (zoology) | Voigt |
Friedrich Siegmund (Sigismund) Voigt (Voight) (1781 - 1850) was a German zoologist and botanist, with a special interest in spermatophytes. He taught at Jena, where he translated Georges Cuvier's Le Règne Animal (1817), and was the director of the Jena Botanical Gardens and the Museum of Zoology.
He proposed a classification of the animal kingdom with nine classes, based on body structure, such as those that are soft and gelatinous, those that are are articulated and have an exoskeleton, and those that have an endoskeleton.
Publications
[edit]- 1840. Lehrbuch der Zoologie: Erklärung der 22 Kupfertafeln zu Voigt's Lehrbuch der Zoologie. Volumen 7. Editor Schweizerbart, 8 pp.
- 1850. Geschichte des Pflanzenreichs. Volumen 2. Geschichte des Pflanzenreichs. Editor F. Mauke
- 1835. Lehrbuch der zoologie. Volumen 1. Naturgeschichte der drei Reiche. Editor E. Schweizerbart, 507 pp.
- 1832. Almanach der Natur. Editor Frommann, 185 pp.
- 1823. System der Natur und Ihre Geschichte. Editor Schmid, 866 pp.
- 1817. Grundzüge einer Naturgeschichte, als Geschichte der Entstehung und weiteren Ausbildung der Naturkörper. Editor H.L. Brönner, 679 pp.
- 1816. Die Farben der organischen Körper. Editor In der Crökerschen Buchhandlung, 223 pp.
- 1808. System der Botanik. 394 pp.
- 1806. Darstellung des natürlichen Pflanzensystems von Jussieu, nach seinen neuesten Verbesserungen: In Tabellen. Editor Reclam, 28 pp.
- 1803. Handwörterbuch der botanischen Kunstsprache. Editor Bey Wolfgang Stahl, 269 pp.
Eponyms
[edit]- (Orchidaceae) Caladenia voigtii Hopper & A.P.Br.[51]
- (Orchidaceae) Calonema voigtii (Hopper & A.P.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.[52]
- (Orchidaceae) Phlebochilus voigtii (Hopper & A.P.Br.) Szlach. & Rutk.[53]
Bibliography
[edit]- Julius Viktor Carus (1880). Histoire de la zoologie depuis l’Antiquité jusqu’au XIXe siècle. Baillière (Paris) : viii + 623 p.
Dahlia
[edit]The sectional classification of Dahlia sensu Sørensen (1969)[55] as updated by Saar et al. (2003)[56] and Hansen (2008)[57] is as follows (excluding infraspecific taxa);
- Section Pseudodendron Sherff
- D. excelsa Bentham
- D. imperialis Rozel ex Ortgies
- D. tenuicaulis Sørensen
- Section Entemophyllon Sørensen
- D. congestifolia Sørensen
- D. dissecta S. Watson
- D. foeniculifolia Sherff
- D. linearis Sherff
- D. rupicola Sørensen
- D. scapigeroides Sherff
- Section Dahlia Sherff
- D. apiculata (Sherff) Sørensen
- D. atropurpurea Sørensen
- D. australis (Sherff) Sørensen
- D. barkeriae Knowles and Westcott
- D. brevis Sørensen
- D. coccinea Cavanilles
- D. cordifolia (Sessé & Moc.) McVaugh syn. D. cardiophylla
- D. hintonii Sherff
- D. mollis Sørensen
- D. moorei Sherff
- D. pteropoda Sherff
- D. purpusii Brandg.
- D. rudis Sørensen
- D. sherffii Sørensen
- D. scapigera (A. Dietrich) Knowles & Westcott
- D. sorensenii Hansen & Hjerting
- D. tenuis Robinson & Greenman
- D. tubulata Sørensen
- Subsection Merckii Sørensen
- D. merckii Lehm. (sometimes spelled Dahlia merkii)
- Section Epiphytum Sherff
- D. macdougallii Sherff
- Unplaced
- D. campanulata Saar, Sørensen, & Hjerting
- D. cuspidata Saar, Sørensen, & Hjerting
- D. hjertingii Hansen and Sørensen
- D. neglecta Saar
- D. parvibracteata Saar & Sørensen
- D. spectabilis Saar, Sørensen, & Hjerting
- Unresolved
- D. pinnata Type (more properly D. x pinnata)[58]
- D. sublignosa (Sørensen) Saar & Sørensen[59][60]
- Cultivated
Floral Formula
[edit]✶ K5 [C(5) A5] G(5) | |
Floral formula of Anagallis arvensis.
[61] : 307 Polysymmetric flower. The perianth consists of 5 free sepals and 5 joined petals, which are fused with androecium. Flower is bisexual, it contains 5 stamens, pistil is fused of five carpels, ovary is superior. |
Liliaceae
Narcissus
Br ✶ ☿ P3+3+Corona A3+3 G(3) |
IPNI
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International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI). "Plant Name Search Results" (HTML). International Plant Names Index.
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International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI). "Plant Name Search Results". International Plant Names Index.
- International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI). "Plant Name Search Results for". International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
- "IPNI Plant Name Query Results for Ipheion". International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
saved version of IPNI2-
International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI). "Plant Name Search Results for Michael Goodyear/botanysandbox". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). {{cite web}}
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Eudicots
[edit]Cladogram of Saxifragales relationships among core eudicots[44] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
References
[edit]- ^ Traub 1963.
- ^ Dahlgren, Clifford & Yeo 1985.
- ^ Müller-Doblies & Müller-Doblies 1996.
- ^ Meerow & Snijman 1998.
- ^ Mabberley 2013, Liliaceae p. 489.
- ^ a b Stevens 2015, Liliaceae.
- ^ a b c Rasmussen 1985.
- ^ a b c Tamura 1998a.
- ^ Tamura 1998b.
- ^ Gao et al. 2011.
- ^ Rønsted et al. 2005.
- ^ Peterson et al. 2008.
- ^ Tan et al. 2005.
- ^ Clennett et al. 2012.
- ^ a b c Kim et al. 2013a.
- ^ a b Kim et al. 2013b.
- ^ Patterson & Givnish 2002.
- ^ Peruzzi, Leitch & Caparelli 2009.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
Tamura 1998b
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Takh09
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brands
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
Mabberley
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Rønsted et al 2005.
- ^ Baker 1874.
- ^ Boissier 1884.
- ^ Rix 1971.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
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was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Fernandes75
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Webb 1978.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
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Mathew
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Cronquist 1981
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was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Thorne 1992
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Chamberlain
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
mor
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c d e f Cite error: The named reference
dpr
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ International Plant Names Index. author+abbreviation author abbreviation.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j APG III 2009.
- ^ a b c d e Chase & Reveal 2009 Cite error: The named reference "FOOTNOTEChaseReveal2009" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ a b APG IV 2016.
- ^ a b Ronsted et al 2005.
- ^ a b c d Day et al 2014.
- ^ Jan de Graaff; Horticulturist; Lily Specialist. LA Times. August 10, 1989
- ^ The Lily Wizard. The Australian Women's Weekly Wednesday 19 January 1966 p.4
- ^ Alan W. Meerow. Tilting at windmills: 20 years of Hippeastrum breeding. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences Volume 57, Issue 4, 2009 303-313. DOI: 10.1560/IJPS.57.4.303
- ^ Gardeners Chronicle & New Horticulturist, Part 1. Haymarket Publishing, 1891
- ^ Nuytsia 14(1-2): 279 2001 (IK)
- ^ Orchadian 13(10): 456 2002 (IK)
- ^ Richardiana 3(2): 99 2003 (IK)
- ^ International Plant Names Index. F.Voigt.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Sorensen69
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Saar
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Hans V. Hansen. Native (wild) Dahlias – taxonomy, historical review, and the derivation of cultivars, in Trial of Dahlia 2008, Final Report. Royal Horticultural Society
- ^ Accepted name in The Plant List, but was not accepted by Saar (2003). Hansen, H. V. and J. P. Hierting. 1996. Observations on chromosome numbers and biosystematics in Dahlia (Asteraceae,Heliantheae) with an account on the identity of D. pinnata, D.rosea and D. coccinea. Nordic Journal of Botany 16: 445-455.
- ^ Dayle E. Saar and Paul D. Sørensen. SIDA, Contributions to Botany Vol. 21, No. 4 (21 December 2005), pp. 2161-2167
- ^ Elevated from D. dissecta var. sublignosa but still listed as unresolved in The Plant List
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
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