User:Quake1234/sandbox4

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Severe Tropical Cyclone Barry
Barry near its record peak intensity while approaching the Gulf Province on May 24
Meteorological history
FormedMay 22, 2024
DissipatedJune 5, 2024
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
10-minute sustained (Aus)
Highest winds270 km/h (165 mph)
Lowest pressure875 hPa (mbar); 25.84 inHg
Category 5-equivalent tropical cyclone
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds350 km/h (220 mph)
Lowest pressure875 hPa (mbar); 25.84 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities2,449+
Injuries333+
Missing392+
Damage$181 billion (2024 USD)
Areas affectedPapua, Australia
Part of the 2024–25 Australian region cyclone season

Severe Tropical Cyclone Barry was one of the most powerful tropical cyclones ever recorded, and the strongest recorded storm in 2024. Forming in the Gulf of Papua on 22 May 2024, it took only two days for the storm to reach peak intensity. Throughout the course of over two weeks, the storm circled all of mainland Papua, dissipating near the capital Port Moresby on 4 June.[1]

The storm caused flooding in every single province of mainland Papua.[2] With a death toll of ?, it is the deadliest tropical cyclone of 2024, the deadliest since Cyclone Nargis in 2008 and the deadliest natural disaster ever recorded in Papua.[3] The predominant use of wood as a building material, the low-lying geography of the affected region, the lack of preparations and the rapid speed of the storm, all contributed to the high death toll.[4]

Meteorological history[edit]

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On 22 May, a tropical depression was recorded by the PGA (Papua Geophysical Agency), about 100 km (62 mi) south of Daru.[5] It was heading in a northeastern direction.[6] Five hours after being discovered, it upgraded into a tropical storm, now heading towards Gulf Province.[7] By 24 May, the storm had rapidly intensified into a severe tropical cyclone.[8] It maintained its status as a severe tropical cyclone as it travelled across Gulf and Highlands Provinces.[9] On 27 May, it slightly weakened shortly after making landfall in Madang Province.[10] However, when the storm entered the Bismarck Sea on 30 May, it began to rapidly intensify again, maintaining peak intensity until 3 June, after making landfall in Milne Bay Province.[11] On 5 June, the storm finally dissipated as a tropical storm near Port Moresby.[12]

Warnings[edit]

PGA storm warning
Alert Cities at risk Estimated deaths Damage
RED 1,000-10,000+ $10-100 billion
ORANGE 100-1,000 $1-10 billion
YELLOW 1-100 $100-999 million

Preparations[edit]

The Papuan Government ordered people living in areas under the red-alert to "seek immediate shelter" and stay indoors.[13] Residents living in the orange-alert area were ordered to "optionally evacuate" their homes, while people in the yellow-alert area were told to stay away from the coast due to potential storm surges.[14]

As large tropical cyclones are extremely rare in mainland Papua, and as the PGA expected the storm to be a category-one cyclone, only 4,000 people were evacuated in Gulf Province.[15]

Impact[edit]

Highlands[edit]

There were 167 deaths across Tari due to Cyclone Barry.[16] More than six million people were affected by the storm.[17] A further 28 people were reported missing.[18] More than 150,000 people were displaced, and thousands of homes were damaged or destroyed.[19] Damage in the city totalled $2.41 billion.[20]

Fly[edit]

The storm produced widespread flooding and landslides in Morehead Municipality, killing 87 people, injuring 36 others, and leaving 24 more missing.[21] Nine of the fatalities occurred when a bridge collapsed.[22] Extensive property damage was incurred with 929 homes destroyed and another 8,958 damaged, leaving 1,500 families homeless.[23] Damage totalled $3.66 billion.[24]

New Britain[edit]

In Kandrian, the storm led to numerous landslides and flash floods, mainly along coastal areas.[25] Fallen trees were reported throughout the city.[26] Thirteen deaths occurred; five from collapsing houses, two due to landslides, two from flooding, two due to a car accident, one from a rip current and another from a falling tree.[27] Four others were injured.[28] Eighty-five buildings were destroyed while 3,934 houses and 20 bridges were damaged, with costs amounting to $780.5 million.[29]

New Ireland[edit]

Barry brought torrential rain to Ambitle, with accumulations peaking at 24.54 in (623 mm). Widespread flash flooding ensued, damaging or destroying 2,151 homes and businesses.[30] The overflow of multiple rivers prompted evacuations in several towns and left many stranded.[31] Overall, 26 people died and damage exceeded $1.8 billion.[32] In Namatanai, 17 people were killed, all but two of them indirectly, and 2,000 houses were damaged, with costs totalling $2.4 billion.[33]

Moresby[edit]

Barry left 1,815 dead in Port Moresby, of which 628 were direct, with two others injured and 202 more missing.[34] About 20% of the city was flooded, particularly in the northwest.[35] The extensive flooding stranded many residents who were forced to stay in place long after Cyclone Barry had passed.[36] Up to 252,792 buildings were damaged and 1.6 million people were displaced, with damage in the city exceeding $163 billion, the highest amount of damage ever inflicted on a single city.[37] At least 1,327 fatalities occurred in Kairuku District, where 80% of structures were damaged or destroyed and winds exceeded 254 km/h ([convert: unit mismatch]).[38] An additional 486 died in the city center, where several multi-story buildings collapsed due to the floods.[39] Four more died in Abau District, where 380 houses were destroyed and 656,000 customers lost power.[40]

Stranded survivors dotted the tops of houses citywide.[41] Some were trapped inside attics and unable to escape.[42] Many people chopped their way onto their roofs with hatchets and sledge hammers, which James Marape had urged residents to store in their attics in case of such events.[43] Clean water was unavailable, and power outages lasted for weeks in some places.[44]

All television stations located in Port Moresby were disrupted, resulting in most television channels in Papua being unable to broadcast for up to a day.[45] Local television stations and newspapers moved quickly to sister locations in nearby cities, such as Popondetta and Kokoda.[46] Port Moresby International Airport was closed before the storm but reported no flooding in airplane movement areas or inside of the terminal itself. By 29 May, it was reopened to humanitarian and rescue operations. Commercial cargo flights resumed on 9 June, and commercial passenger service resumed on 11 June.[47]

Milne Bay[edit]

Barry struck Woodlark Island on 30 May, leaving 19 people dead and $2.3 billion in damages as it roared through the island, flattening houses and downing trees and power lines. Heavy rainfall fell across the island, with amounts reaching up to 1,092 millimetres (43.0 in).[48] At least 13,022 homes were damaged, 1,628 of which were destroyed.[49] Over 85% of the island's power lines were downed by strong winds.[50]

In Normanby Island, five people were killed by a landslide and damage totalled $104 million.[51]

Madang[edit]

At least 16 people were killed and two others went missing in Saidor.[52] Over 1,000 buildings were flooded in the city, and damage totalled to $1.36 billion.[53]

East Sepik[edit]

In Angoram District, the highest rainfall was a 24‑hour total of 237.2 mm (9.34 in), and the highest wind gust was 180 km/h (110 mph), both of which were observed in Marienberg Municipality.[54] The storm killed 78, injured 104 and left 136 others missing.[55] It damaged 5,792 buildings, displaced 32,200 people, and resulted in $55.8 million worth of damage. The floods damaged about 4,483 hectares (11,078 acres) of crop fields in the district.[56]

The storm also killed 14 people in Pagwi, of which eight were directly related to the storm.[57] Three of the indirect fatalities were from carbon monoxide poisoning caused by generators, one was due to a vehicle accident, one occurred during debris cleanup, and one was associated with a lack of electricity.[58] At least five people were injured due to carbon monoxide poisoning.[59] Over 100 houses were damaged and 82,000 customers were affected by power outages in the city, with costs totalling $1 billion.[60]

Bougainville[edit]

In Buka, 2,641 homes were damaged and of which at least 120 were destroyed, leaving 167 families homeless.[61] One person was killed by a landslide and damage amounted to $177.2 million.[62] Thirty-five people were killed and 179 others were injured in Arawa, where eight billboards and many trees were knocked down.[63] Heavy rains caused several traffic accidents and injuries in the city,[64] with strong winds washing a cargo ship ashore. Overall, Barry caused $1.56 billion worth of damage in Arawa.[65]

Sandaun[edit]

Flooding affected 129 villages in East Wapei Municipality, with 26 people dying.[66] Floods there cut off communications, washed away a bridge, and damaged many roads.[67] The storm killed 107 people and damaged 28,041 houses in Telefomin; 11 fatalities were due to mudslides in the area.[68] The storm also wrecked 482,188 ha (1,191,510 acres) of crop fields.[69]

Strong winds related to the cyclone damaged 30 houses and capsized a ferry near Vanimo, killing six of the 13 occupants.[70] In Aitape, three people were killed, 42 houses were destroyed and 126 others were damaged by Barry.[71]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

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