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Visa requirements for Liechtenstein citizens

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A Liechtenstein passport

Visa requirements for Liechtenstein citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Liechtenstein. As of October 2024, Liechtenstein citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 182 countries and territories, ranking the Liechtenstein passport 12th (tied with Malaysia) in terms of travel freedom overall, and the lowest of the EFTA member states, according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

As a member state of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), Liechtenstein citizens enjoy freedom of movement to live and work in other EFTA countries in accordance with the EFTA convention.[2] Moreover, by virtue of Liechtenstein's membership of the European Economic Area (EEA), Liechtenstein citizens also enjoy freedom of movement within all EEA member states. The Citizens’ Rights Directive[3] defines the right of free movement for citizens of the EEA,[4] and all EFTA and EU citizens are not only visa-exempt but are legally entitled to enter and reside in each other's countries.

In order to travel to another country, a Liechtenstein citizen requires a passport, except travel to all European Union member states, all EFTA member states, Albania, Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Monaco, Montenegro, North Macedonia, San Marino, Serbia, Turkey,[5] and Vatican City where the Liechtenstein identity card is valid.

Visa requirements map

[edit]
Visa requirements for holders of regular Liechtenstein passports
  Liechtenstein
  Freedom of movement
  Visa-free / ESTA / eTA / eVisitor
  eVisa
  Visa may be obtained online or on arrival
  Visa on arrival
  Visa must be obtained in advance

Visa requirements

[edit]
Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[6]
 Albania Visa not required[7] 90 days
 Algeria Visa required[8]
 Andorra Visa not required[9]
 Angola Visa required[10]
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[11] 6 months
 Argentina Visa not required[12] 90 days
 Armenia Visa not required[13] 180 days
 Australia eVisitor[14] 90 days
  • 90 days on each visit in a 12-month period if granted
 Austria Visa not required[15]
 Azerbaijan eVisa[16] 30 days[17]
 Bahamas Visa not required[18] 8 months
 Bahrain Visa on arrival[19] 14 days
 Bangladesh eVisa / Visa on arrival[20] 30 days
 Barbados Visa not required[21] 6 months
 Belarus Visa not required[22] 30 days[22]
  • Visa-free until 31 December 2024.[22]
 Belgium Visa not required[23]
 Belize Visa not required[24]
 Benin eVisa / Visa on arrival[25][26] 30 days / 8 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 Bhutan eVisa[27][28]
 Bolivia Visa not required[29] 90 days
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[30] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid
 Botswana Visa not required[31] 90 days
 Brazil Visa not required[32] 90 days
 Brunei Visa not required[33] 90 days
 Bulgaria Visa not required[34]
 Burkina Faso Visa on arrival / eVisa[35] 1 month
 Burundi Visa on arrival[36] 1 month
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[37] 30 days
  • Visa is also obtainable online.[38]
 Cameroon eVisa[39][40]
 Canada Visa not required[41] 6 months
  • eTA required if arriving by air[42]
 Cape Verde Visa not required[43] 30 days
 Central African Republic Visa required[44]
 Chad Visa required[45]
 Chile Visa not required[46] 90 days
 China Visa required[47]
 Colombia Visa not required[48] 180 days
  • 90 days - extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period
 Comoros Visa on arrival[49]
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[50]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo eVisa[51][52] 7 days
 Costa Rica Visa not required[53] 90 days
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[54] 3 months
 Croatia Visa not required[55]
 Cuba Tourist Card required[56] 90 days
  • Can be extended to another 90 days
 Cyprus Visa not required[57]
 Czech Republic Visa not required[58]
 Denmark Visa not required[59]
  • Freedom of movement (DK)
  • ID card valid
 Djibouti eVisa[60] 31 days
 Dominica Visa not required[61] 6 months
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[62] 30 days
  • Can be extended up to 120 days with fee
 Ecuador Visa not required[63] 90 days
 Egypt Visa on arrival[64] 30 days
 El Salvador Visa not required[65] 90 days
 Equatorial Guinea eVisa[66][67]
 Eritrea Visa required[68]
 Estonia Visa not required[69]
 Eswatini Visa required[70]
 Ethiopia eVisa[71] up to 90 days
 Fiji Visa not required[72] 4 months
 Finland Visa not required[73]
 France Visa not required[74]
 Gabon eVisa[75]
 Gambia Visa not required[76] 90 days
 Georgia Visa not required[77] 1 year
 Germany Visa not required[78]
 Ghana Visa required[79]
 Greece Visa not required[80]
 Grenada Visa not required[81] 3 months
 Guatemala Visa not required[82] 90 days
 Guinea eVisa[83] 90 days
 Guinea-Bissau eVisa / Visa on arrival[84] 90 days
 Guyana Visa required[85]
 Haiti Visa not required[86] 90 days
 Honduras Visa not required[87] 90 days
 Hungary Visa not required[88]
 Iceland Visa not required[89]
 India e-Visa[90] 60 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 31 designated airports[Note 1] or 5 designated seaports.[Note 2][91]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[citation needed]
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[92]
 Indonesia Visa on arrival / eVisa[93] 30 days
  • Select ports of entry.
 Iran eVisa[94] 30 days[95]
 Iraq eVisa[96]
 Ireland Visa not required[97]
 Israel Visa not required[98] 3 months
 Italy Visa not required[99]
 Jamaica Visa not required[100] 90 days
 Japan Visa not required[101] 90 days
 Jordan Visa on arrival[102] 30 days
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[104] 30 days[105]
 Kenya Electronic Travel Authorization[106] 3 months
 Kiribati Visa not required[107] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 12 months period
 North Korea Visa required[108]
 South Korea Korean Electronic Travel Authorization[109][110] 90 days
 Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[111] 3 months
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[112] 60 days
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[113][114] 30 days
 Latvia Visa not required[118]
 Lebanon Visa on arrival[119] 1 month
  • Visa extendable for 2 additional months issued upon arrival
  • Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
 Lesotho eVisa[120][121] 44 days
 Liberia Visa required[122]
 Libya eVisa[123][124] 30 days
 Lithuania Visa not required[125]
 Luxembourg Visa not required[126]
 Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[127] 90 days
 Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[128][129] 90 days
 Malaysia Visa not required[130] 90 days
 Maldives Visa on arrival[131] 30 days
 Mali Visa required[132]
 Malta Visa not required[133]
 Marshall Islands Visa on arrival[134] 90 days
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[135]
 Mauritius Visa not required[136] 90 days
 Mexico Visa not required[137] 180 days
 Micronesia Visa not required[138] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Moldova Visa not required[139] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 days period
 Monaco Visa not required[140]
 Mongolia Visa not required[141] 30 days
 Montenegro Visa not required[142] 90 days
 Morocco Visa not required[143] 30 days
 Mozambique Visa on arrival[144] 30 days
 Myanmar Visa required[145]
 Namibia Visa not required[146] 3 months
  • 3 months within a calendar year
 Nauru Visa required[147]
   Nepal Visa on arrival[148] 90 days
 Netherlands Visa not required[149]
 New Zealand Electronic Travel Authority[150] 3 months
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[151]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[152] Such travellers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[151]
 Nicaragua Visa not required[153] 90 days
 Niger Visa required[154]
 Nigeria Visa required[155]
 North Macedonia Visa not required[156] 90 days
 Norway Visa not required[157]
 Oman eVisa[158] 30 days
 Pakistan eVisa[159] 90 days
 Palau Visa on arrival[160] 30 days
 Panama Visa not required[161] 180 days
 Papua New Guinea eVisa / Free visa on arrival[162] 60 days
 Paraguay Visa not required[163] 90 days
 Peru Visa not required[164] 90 days[165]
 Philippines Visa not required[166] 30 days
 Poland Visa not required[167]
 Portugal Visa not required[168]
 Qatar Visa not required[169] 90 days
 Romania Visa not required[170]
 Russia eVisa[171] 16 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive and departure via 29 checkpoints[172]
 Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[173]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[174] 3 months
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[175] 6 weeks
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[176] 1 month
 Samoa Entry Permit on arrival[177] 60 days
 San Marino Visa not required[178]
 São Tomé and Príncipe Visa not required[179] 15 days[180][181]
 Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[182][183] 90 days
 Senegal Visa on arrival[184] 90 days
 Serbia Visa not required[185] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid
 Seychelles Visa not required[186] 3 months
 Sierra Leone Visa required[187]
 Singapore Visa not required[188] 30 days
 Slovenia Visa not required[189]
 Slovakia Visa not required[190]
 Solomon Islands Free Visitor's permit on arrival[191] 3 months
 Somalia Visa on arrival[192]
 South Africa Visa not required[193] 90 days
 South Sudan Electronic Visa[194]
  • Obtainable online[195]
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel[195]
 Spain Visa not required[196]
 Sri Lanka Electronic Travel Authorization[197] 30 days
 Sudan Visa required[198]
 Suriname E-tourist card[199] 90 days
  • Multiple entry eVisa is also available.[200]
 Sweden Visa not required[201]
  Switzerland Visa not required[50]
 Syria eVisa[202]
 Tajikistan Visa not required[203] 30 days
  • Visa also available online.
  • E-visa holders can enter through all border points.[204]
 Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[205][206] 3 months
 Thailand Visa not required[207] 60 days
  • Maximum two visits annually if not arriving by air.
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[208] 30 days
 Togo Visa on arrival[209] 7 days
 Tonga Visa not required[210] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[211] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Tunisia Visa not required[212] 3 months
 Turkey Visa not required[213] 90 days[214]
 Turkmenistan Visa required[215]
 Tuvalu Visa not required[216] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Uganda eVisa / Visa on arrival[217]
 Ukraine Visa not required[219] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 United Arab Emirates Visa not required[220] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period[221]
 United Kingdom Visa not required[222] 6 months
 United States Visa Waiver Program[223] 90 days
  • On arrival from overseas; ESTA (valid for 2 years when issued) required if arriving by air or cruise ship.[224]
 Uruguay Visa not required[225] 90 days
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[226] 30 days
 Vanuatu Visa not required[227] 30 days
 Vatican City Visa not required[228]
 Venezuela Visa not required[229] 90 days
 Vietnam eVisa[230] 30 days
 Yemen Visa required[231]
 Zambia eVisa / Visa on arrival[232] 90 days
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe.
 Zimbabwe eVisa / Visa on arrival[233] 3 months
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia.

Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories

[edit]

Visa requirements for Liechtenstein citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Kosovo Visa not required[234]
 North Cyprus Visa not required[235]
  • 90 days
 Hong Kong Visa not required[236]
  • 90 days
 Macao Visa not required[237]
  • 90 days
 Taiwan Visa not required 90 days[238]

Consular protection of Liechtensteiner citizens abroad

[edit]
Diplomatic missions of Liechtenstein

There are Liechtensteinian embassies in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, and the United States of America.

Since 1919, Switzerland has represented Liechtenstein in those countries wherein Liechtenstein itself does not maintain consular representation.[239]
See also List of diplomatic missions of Liechtenstein.

Non-visa restrictions

[edit]
This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

[edit]

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[240] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

[edit]
Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[241] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[242]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[243][244]

Passport validity length

[edit]

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[245][246] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[247]

Some countries, such as Japan,[248] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[249] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[250] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[251] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[252] Philippines,[253] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[254]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[255] and South Africa.

Criminal record

[edit]

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[256] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

[edit]

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[257]

Israeli stamps

[edit]
Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[258] Lebanon,[259] Libya,[260] Syria,[261] and Yemen[262] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

[edit]
See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[263]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[264][265] Argentina,[266] Brunei, Cambodia,[267] China,[268] Ethiopia,[269] Ghana, Guinea,[270] India, Japan,[271][272] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[273] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[274] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[275] Singapore, South Korea,[276] Taiwan, Thailand,[277] Uganda,[278] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[279][280][281] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[282]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[283] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[284][285]

See also

[edit]

Notes and references

[edit]
Notes
  1. ^
  2. ^
  3. ^
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  4. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  5. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  6. ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
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  157. ^ Persons who do not need a visa to visit Norway, Norwegian Directorate of Immigration.
  158. ^ "Home - Evisa". evisa.rop.gov.om.
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  162. ^ eVisa, Papua New Guinea (PNG) Immigration and Citizenship Authority (ICA)
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  167. ^ Visa-free countries, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland.
  168. ^ Third countries whose citizens are required to have a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Portugal.
  169. ^ "Qatar Visas".
  170. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania.
  171. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  178. ^ Border formalities, San Marino Tourism Board.
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  190. ^ Consular information and travel visa, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Slovakia.
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  194. ^ "Do I need a visa to travel to South Sudan?". Ministry of Internal Affairs. South Sudan.
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  201. ^ List of foreign citizens who require visa for entry into Sweden, Government of Sweden.
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  204. ^ "Tajikistan e-Visa".
  205. ^ "eVisa Tanzania".
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  210. ^ "Agreement between the European Union and the Kingdom of Tonga on the short-stay visa waiver - Consilium".
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  214. ^ "From Rep. Of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs".
  215. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  216. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  217. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  218. ^ Uganda Electronic Visa/Permit Application System
  219. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  220. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  221. ^ "EU signs visa waiver agreement with the United Arab Emirates - Consilium".
  222. ^ UK visa requirements: list for carriers, Government of the United Kingdom, 2 October 2017.
  223. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
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  225. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  226. ^ Visa regulations for some countries Archived 2018-11-24 at the Wayback Machine, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
  227. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  228. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  229. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  230. ^ Vietnam eVisa, Vietnam Immigration Department
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  232. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  233. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  235. ^ "VISA Regulations | Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus". 4 March 2014.
  236. ^ Visit visa / entry permit requirements for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Immigration Department of Hong Kong, April 2017. Electronic Services for Visa Application, Immigration Department of Hong Kong.
  237. ^ Immigration Clearance of Non-residents of Macao, Macao SAR Government Portal.
  238. ^ "外籍人士來臺免簽證適用國家名單" (in Chinese). Bureau of Consular Affairs (Taiwan). 10 July 2017. Archived from the original on 2018-12-16. Retrieved 2017-12-14.
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  240. ^ Baker, Vicky (20 June 2013). "Passport expiry dates and blank pages: what are the rules?". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 January 2024. The number of remaining blank pages a passport should have is also an issue. Some travellers have reported arriving with one or less than one full page left and waiting for hours at immigration, until an official reluctantly grants them entry. The FCO lists no hard and fast rules because, in many cases, there aren't any.
  241. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
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  243. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that requires (sic) vaccination for travellers from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission or transit for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  244. ^ Country list - Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation; and other vaccination requirement
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  246. ^ "Visitor Visa". travel.state.gov. US Department of State. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
  247. ^ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
  248. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Q: Do I need at least 6 months passport validity in order to enter Japan? A: Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
  249. ^ "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021. You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
  250. ^ Bahrain government website
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  253. ^ "Bureau of Immigration of the Republic of the Philippines". Retrieved 17 March 2021.
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  263. ^ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  264. ^ "How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports". Countryreports.org.
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  266. ^ "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
  267. ^ "Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements". Us-passport-information.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  268. ^ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 Jan 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
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  273. ^ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
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  279. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  280. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  281. ^ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  282. ^ Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  283. ^ "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  284. ^ "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  285. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
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