Yoshichika Tokugawa
Yoshichika Tokugawa | |
|---|---|
徳川義親 | |
 | |
| Born | October 5, 1886 |
| Died | September 6, 1976 (aged 89) |
| Alma mater | Tokyo Imperial University |
| Title | Marquess 19th head of the Owari-Tokugawa family |
| Spouse | Yoneko Tokugawa |
| Children | Yoshitomo Tokugawa |
| Parents |
|
| Family | Yoshitami Matsudaira (brother) |
Marquess Yoshichika Tokugawa was a Japanese botanist, hunter, patron of the arts and sciences, and politician. He was the 19th head of the Owari-Tokugawa family, one of the Tokugawa Gosanke.
Life[edit]
Yoshichika was born into the Matsudaira family of Echizen (now Fukui), which originated as a cadet branch of the Tokugawa family and was closely related to the family through repeated intermarriages. He attended Gakushuin, just like other children from his class (kazoku), where he spent most of his time reading books about explorers such as Henry Stanley and Roald Amundsen. He started studying seriously around 1902, when he entered a crammer called Jishusha.
He matriculated at Tokyo Imperial University in 1908 and studied history. He married Yoneko, the daughter of the 18th head of the Owari-Tokugawa family and adopted her family name, immediately becoming the 19th head of the family. His thesis in 1911 was on the management of the vast Kiso estate traditionally owned by his family.[1] Having been interested in botany from a young age, he decided to stay at the university to further his interests. During his time at the university, he granted the faculty of the university access to his family's treasures. In May 1915, he held an exhibition of his family's artefacts at the Sanjo Hall of the university's Hongo Campus. Overwhelmed by the interest shown by the visitors, he recognised the importance of preserving and exhibiting family artefacts. He set up the Tokugawa Art Museum and the Hosa Library in the 1930s to permanently preserve and exhibit the family artefacts.[2]
His passion for botany and hunting made him travel extensively, including his elephant and tiger hunting tour in British Malaya, which gave him the nickname "toragari no tonosama (tiger-hunting lord)". He befriended local sultans in Malaya, and after returning from his second visit in 1929, he started learning the Malay language. He hosted Sultan Ibrahim of Johor and Ranee Sylvia Brett of the White Rajah of Sarawak in the 1930s.[3]
During the Second World War, he went to what was now Japanese-occupied Malaya as a military advisor, where he served as the director at what is now the National Museum of Singapore. However, as Japan faced significant losses, he had to return to Japan in 1944. The English botanist E. J. H. Corner, who was asked to continue serving as the director of the Singapore Botanical Gardens during the occupation, wrote about the marquess's activities in his memoir "The MARQUIS - A Tale of Syonan-to".[4]
After the war, he funded the founding of the Japan Socialist Party. His fortune had diminished to no more than 20% of its pre-war extent. He served as an honorary chair at various charitable organisations. He died in 1976.
References[edit]
- ^ "国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション". dl.ndl.go.jp. Retrieved 2024-05-03.
- ^ Yoshichika, Tokugawa (1984). Watashi no Rirekisho 16. Nikkei Inc. ISBN 4-532-03086-2.
- ^ Yuji, Odabe (1988). Yoshichika Tokugawa's fifteen-year war. Aoki shoten. ISBN 4-250-88019-2.
- ^ Corner, Edred John Henry (1981). The Marquis: A Tale of Syonan-to. Heinemann Asia. ISBN 978-9971-64-034-7.