Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus

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Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus
Part of the Chechen–Russian conflict, post-Soviet conflicts, War against the Islamic State and the aftermath of the insurgency in the North Caucasus

Map of the North Caucasus
Date20 December 2017 – present
(6 years, 3 months and 8 days)
Location
North Caucasus, Russia (with spillover in other Russian territories)
Status Ongoing as a hit-and-run campaign
Belligerents

 Russia

 Islamic State

Other Islamist groups and lone wolves

Imam Shamil Battalion
Commanders and leaders
Heads of republics and krais

Sirozhiddin Mukhtarov (POW)[11]

Islamic State caliphs
Units involved
Military of the Islamic State
Casualties and losses
19 killed, 69 wounded[a] 181 killed, 5 wounded[b]
150 civilians killed, 202 injured[c]
1 Russian soldier killed by a landmine explosion[33]

The Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus is ongoing terror activity of the Islamic State branch in the North Caucasus after the insurgency of the Caucasus Emirate.

History[edit]

From 2015, during the Insurgency in the North Caucasus, after the series of killings of leaders of the Caucasus Emirate by the Russian army between 2013 and 2014, they led to the weakening of the terrorist organization, leaving several members of IS, veterans of the Syrian Civil War and the Civil War in Iraq, founded a Province of IS in the North Caucasus.[34] On 23 June 2015, IS's spokesman Abu Mohammad al-Adnani accepted these pledges and announced the creation of a new Wilayah, or Province, covering the North Caucasus region. Adnani named Asildarov as the IS leader of this area and called on other militants in the region to follow him.[35][36]

The first attack of the group occurred on a Russian military base in southern Dagestan on 2 September 2015.[37] In a video also released in September, Asildarov called on IS supporters in the Caucasus to join the fight there, rather than travel to Iraq and Syria.[38]

From 2015 to 2017, the group made other attacks on civilians and the security fources, causing more than 180 deaths.[39] By the end of 2017, a lot of the subversive and terrorist groups operating in North Caucasus were eliminated and the insurgency in the North Caucasus was officially declared over on 19 December of the same year, when FSB Director Alexander Bortnikov announced the final elimination of the insurgent underground in the North Caucasus.[40][41]

After this, the Caucasus Emirate and the IS Caucasus Province were disbanded,[citation needed] leaving a lot of underground groups to continue the insurgency. From the end of the insurgency in the North Caucasus, the most violent terrorist attack perpetrated by the Islamic State in Russia was the mass shooting into a church in Kizlyar on 18 February 2018 causing six deaths (including the perpetrator) and 4 injured.[42]

On 21 April 2018, in a clash between Russian security forces and IS, nine IS militants were killed in Dagestan.[43]

On 20 August 2018, IS launched attacks in Chechnya, injuring a number of policemen; five suspected IS members were killed.[44]

On 31 December 2018, an apartment block collapse in Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. The collapse, claimed by ISIS-CP but later denied, killed 39 people and injured 17 more.[45] On 24 January 2019, IS attacked a police post, leaving four IS members killed and one policeman injured in Kabardino-Balkaria.[46]

On 1 July 2019, ISIS claimed responsibility for an attack on a police officer at a checkpoint in the Achkhoy-Martonovsky district of Chechnya, who was stabbed to death. The attacker was shot and killed as he threw a grenade at other officers.[47]

On 20 January 2021, Aslan Byutukayev, also known as Emir Khamzat and Abubakar, a Chechen insurgent commander of the Islamic State, was killed alongside five other IS militants in a special operation launched by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Chechnya in Katyr-Yurt, Chechnya; four soldiers were injured.[48] The regime of counter-terrorist operations (CTO), a special legal regime that is applied in Russia in case of terrorist threats, began in Ingushetia from 3 April 2023 due to attacks by ISIS jihadists against Russian security forces.[49] The clashes resulted in 5 deaths, three Russian soldiers and two jihadists, 11 wounded Russian soldiers and two captured jihadists.[50]

On March 22, 2024, at least 150 people have been killed and 145 wounded in Russia’s worst terror attack in years, as gunmen in combat fatigues opened fire and detonated explosives in a major concert hall on the outskirts of Moscow. Islamic State claimed responsibility for the attack late on Friday, in a post on Telegram in which the group claimed its gunmen had managed to escape afterwards. A US official said Washington had intelligence confirming Islamic State’s claim.[51] On March 23, the 5 terrorists tried to cross the border into Ukraine but were intercepted by the Russian army, two terrorists were killed and the others captured.[52] During the interrogation, one of the terrorists had his ear cut off and then forced to eat it, another terrorist, Shamsidin Fariduni, was connected to a military communications device TA-57, which the Russians use for torture with electric shocks, and tortured.[53] Another terrorist lost an eye during the arrest.[54]

Spillover in Azerbaijan[edit]

On 2 July 2019, as part of a series of videos showing supporters and fighters of IS around the world renewing their pledge of allegiance to IS, a video was published from Azerbaijan featuring three fighters armed with Kalashnikov style rifles pledging their allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. The video was formally released by IS declaring it the Azerbaijan Wilayat.[55]

List of clashes in the North Caucasus[edit]

Casualties[edit]

Year Killed Injured Ref.
2017 1 13 [26][32]
2018 82 26 [12]
2019 31 13 [13][14][15][16]
2020 45 11 [27][17][18][19]
2021 20 10 [20][28][29][30]
2022 6 0 [31][21]
2023 14 13 [22][23][24]
2024 152+ 190+ [25][4][1][51][52]
Total 351+ 276+

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ 7 killed and 23 wounded in 2018,[12] 4 killed and 10 wounded in 2019,[13][14][15][16] 4 killed and 11 wounded in 2020,[17][18][19] 8 wounded in 2021,[20] 1 killed in 2022,[21] 3 killed and 11 wounded in 2023,[22][23][24] 6 wounded in 2024[25][4]
  2. ^ 1 killed in 2017,[26] 65 killed in 2018,[12] 26 killed and 1 wounded in 2019,[13][14][15][16] 41 killed in 2020,[27][17][18][19] 19 killed and 1 wounded in 2021,[20][28][29][30] 5 killed in 2022,[31][21] 11 killed and 1 wounded in 2023,[22][23][24] 13 killed and 2 wounded in 2024[25][4][1]
  3. ^ 13 injured in 2017,[32] 10 killed and 3 injured in 2018,[12] 2 injured in 2019,[13][15] 1 killed and 1 injured in 2021,[20] 1 injured in 2023[24] 139 and 182+ injured in 2024

References[edit]

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  4. ^ a b c d "Банду террористов приютили воры". Kommersant (in Russian). 4 March 2024. Retrieved 4 March 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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  18. ^ a b c "Жертвами конфликта на Северном Кавказе в III квартале 2020 года стали 15 человек" [In the third quarter of 2020, 15 people became victims of the armed conflict in the North Caucasus]. Caucasian Knot (in Russian). 7 November 2020. Archived from the original on 2 May 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  19. ^ a b c "Жертвами конфликта на Северном Кавказе в IV квартале 2020 года стали 26 человек" [In the fourth quarter of 2020, 26 people became victims of the armed conflict in the North Caucasus]. Caucasian Knot (in Russian). 7 November 2020. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  20. ^ a b c d "В ходе вооруженного конфликта на Северном Кавказе в 1 квартале 2021 года пострадали 19 человек" [During the armed conflict in the North Caucasus in the first quarter of 2021, 19 people were harmed]. Caucasian Knot (in Russian). 5 April 2021. Archived from the original on 9 January 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  21. ^ a b c "В IV квартале 2022 в ходе вооруженного конфликта на Северном Кавказе погибли 4 человека" [During the armed conflict in the North Caucasus in the fourth quarter of 2022, 4 people were killed]. Caucasian Knot (in Russian). 5 January 2023. Archived from the original on 14 September 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  22. ^ a b c "В I квартале 2023 в ходе вооруженного конфликта на Северном Кавказе погибли 7 человек" [During the armed conflict in the North Caucasus in the first quarter of 2022, 7 people were killed]. Caucasian Knot (in Russian). 5 April 2023. Archived from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  23. ^ a b c "В ходе вооруженного конфликта на Северном Кавказе во II квартале 2023 года убито 6 человек" [During the armed conflict in the North Caucasus in the second quarter of 2023, 6 people were killed]. Caucasian Knot (in Russian). 5 July 2023. Archived from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  24. ^ a b c d "В ходе вооруженного конфликта на Северном Кавказе в IV квартале 2023 года погиб один и ранено трое человек" [During the armed conflict in the North Caucasus in the fourth quarter of 2023, one person was killed and another three wounded]. Caucasian Knot (in Russian). 5 January 2024. Archived from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
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