Nuʻuuli, American Samoa
Nuʻuuli | |
|---|---|
Village | |
| Etymology: Samoan: "black place"[1] | |
  Nuʻuuli | |
| Coordinates: 14°19′7″S 170°43′25″W / 14.31861°S 170.72361°W | |
| Country |  United States |
| Territory |  American Samoa |
| County | Ituau County |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | T. M. Puailoa |
| Area | |
• Total | 3.04 sq mi (7.87 km2) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 4,991 |
| • Density | 1,600/sq mi (630/km2) |
Nuʻuuli is a village on the central east coast of Tutuila Island, American Samoa. It is located on a peninsula several miles up from Pago Pago International Airport. Nuʻuuli is located between Pago Pago International Airport and Coconut Point. It is a shopping district which is home to stores, groceries and many more shops.[2]
It is the fifth-largest village in land area in American Samoa and the second most populous one, after Tafuna. It straddles the line between the Eastern District and the Western District. This makes it the only village in American Samoa that occupies two districts. It has a total land area of 7.87 km2, with 6.23 km2 being in the Eastern District and 1.64 km2 being in the Western District. Its total population as of the 2010 census was 3,955, with the Eastern District portion containing 2,844 persons and the Western District portion 2,310 persons.
Nuʻuuli is home to the largest wetland in American Sāmoa.[3] The Nuʻuuli Pala is the largest mangrove swamp on Tutuila Island. Encompassing 123 acres, it is composed primarily of Oriental and Red mangroves. This environment supports a diverse range of fish and wildlife, sustains subsistence activities such as crab harvesting, and provides recreational opportunities including canoeing.[4]
Nuʻuuli has one of the highest crime rates in American Samoa. The first neighborhood watch type program in the territory was established here by the Department of Public Safety in 2014.[5]
Etymology
[edit]The name of the village, Nuʻuuli, is derived from the Samoan language and translates into English as "black place"[6] or "black land".[7]
History
[edit]Nuʻuuli was historically notable as the home of the cannibalistic and cruel orator chief Mageafaigā (Lagafuaina), who is mentioned in the legends of Tutuila and the Manuʻa Islands.[8]
On October 10, 1966, First Lady Lady Bird Johnson dedicated Manulele Tausala Elementary School in Nuʻuuli. The school is named after the first lady.[9]
In the summer of 2024, two fires destroyed two buildings in Nuʻuuli: the chapel of the Church of Latter Day Saints and the Nu'uuli Shopping Center.[10]
Geography
[edit]Nuʻuuli lies at the southern foot of Mount Matafao, and is adjacent to the villages of Itulagi in the west.[11] The best surfing conditions in American Samoa can be found in Faganeanea and neighboring Nuʻuuli, however, great surfing can also be found in the ʻAmanave-Poloa area.[12]
Nuʻuuli Pala
[edit]Nuʻuuli Pala is Tutuila Island's largest mangrove swamp. It borders nearly all of Pala Lagoon's shoreline. The pala has been designated a special management area in recognition of its size and significance to wildlife and fish habitat. It is the largest and also the most threatened wetland in American Sāmoa.[13] Since 1961, American Sāmoa has witnessed significant changes in its wetlands across different regions. Nuʻuuli has suffered the most substantial decline, losing approximately 61 acres, which is a 33% reduction.[14]
While the marshes and swamps in American Sāmoa mostly feature plant species commonly found throughout the United States, mangrove wetlands that support mature forests—such as those in the village of Nuʻuuli — are rare. This scarcity is a key reason why the U.S. federal government places considerable emphasis on these mangrove wetlands.[15]
The wetland, excluding the open water of the lagoon, covers 123 acres (50 ha) of mangrove forest and swamp. The majority of the swamp is covered with red mangrove and oriental mangrove. Several areas of other freshwater marsh vegetation are interspersed with the mangroves. A small area of saltwater marsh borders the end of Coconut Point. The wetland is an important wildlife and fish habitat, and also provides recreational opportunities as canoeing and fishing. Nuʻuuli Pala has been designated a Special Management Area under the American Samoa Coastal Management Act of 1990.[16][17]
Rare species found here include Xylocarpus moluccensis (leʻileʻi) and the uncommon shrub Sophora tomentosa, which is also reported on Aunuʻu.[18] Nuʻuuli Pala is a common feeding site for the Reef Heron (matuʻu), a bird species which usually feeds on the coral reefs.[19]
Nuʻuuli Falls
[edit]Nuʻuuli Falls is a 65 feet (20 m) secluded cascade with a swimming hole beneath. To get here, turn left at Nuʻuuli Family Mart when coming from the west. Follow this road veering left at the pig farm. Enter the trailhead and follow the hiking trail for about 15 minutes. Veer left at the first trail juncture, and follow until the trail reaches the stream.[20] Nuʻuuli Falls is made up of seven individual waterfalls.[21]: 38
Economy
[edit]Nuʻuuli is the commercial center of Tutuila Island. There is a large number of mini-marts, sewing shops, and clothing stores along Main Road. Nuʻuuli is also home to several hardware and home-improvement shops, along with salons and souvenir stores.[21]: 37
Nuʻuuli Twin Cinemas is the only movie theater in American Samoa and has two screens. It plays major blockbuster films, children's movies, and more. Just past the theater is Laufou Shopping Center. An area in Nuʻuuli is known as Coconut Point and is home to a combination of local villagers and contract workers.[21]: 38
Demographics
[edit]| Year | Population[22] |
|---|---|
| 2020 | 4,991 |
| 2010 | 3,955 |
| 2000 | 5,154 |
| 1990 | 3,893 |
| 1980 | 2,585 |
| 1970 | 1,804 |
| 1960 | 1,137 |
Nuʻuuli village had the highest number of registered voters as of 2017 with a total of 1,717 registered voters, followed by the villages of Leone, Tafuna, and Pago Pago.[23]
Notable people
[edit]- Freddie Letuli, dancer
- Lonnie Palelei, NFL football player
- Maa Tanuvasa, NFL football player
- Tony Solaita, first American Samoan MLB-player.[24]
- Lemanu Peleti Mauga, governor
- Joe Taufeteʻe, rugby player
- Malaetasi Togafau, politician and judge
- Aloali’i George Palelei, casting director and film producer
References
[edit]- ^ Krämer, Augustin (2000). The Samoa Islands. University of Hawaii Press. Page 442. ISBN 978-0-8248-2219-4.
- ^ Swaney, Deanna (1994). Samoa: Western & American Samoa: a Lonely Planet Travel Survival Kit. Lonely Planet Publications. Page 179. ISBN 978-0-86442-225-5.
- ^ Aalbersberg, William and Batiri Thaman (2001). Proceedings of the Pacific Regional Workshop on Mangrove Wetlands Protection and Sustainable Use. South Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). Page 178. ISBN 9789820402515.
- ^ Goldin, Meryl Rose (2002). Field Guide to the Sāmoan Archipelago: Fish, Wildlife, and Protected Areas. Bess Press. Pages 276-277. ISBN 9781573061117.
- ^ "Neighbourhood watch type program to begin in American Samoa". 4 March 2014.
- ^ Krämer, Augustin (2000). The Samoa Islands. University of Hawaii Press. Page 442. ISBN 978-0-8248-2219-4.
- ^ Churchill, W. (1913). "Geographical Nomenclature of American Samoa". Bulletin of the American Geographical Society, 45(3), page 192. Retrieved on December 6, 2024, doi:10.2307/199273.
- ^ Krämer, Augustin (2000). The Samoa Islands. University of Hawaii Press. Page 442. ISBN 978-0-8248-2219-4.
- ^ Shaffer, Robert J. (2000). American Samoa: 100 Years Under the United States Flag. Island Heritage. Page 192. ISBN 978-0-89610-339-9.
- ^ Fa’asau, Asi Andrew (August 1, 2024). "Another blaze in Nuu'uli". Samoa News. Retrieved on August 2, 2024, from https://www.samoanews.com/local-news/another-blaze-nuuuli.
- ^ Krämer, Augustin (2000). The Samoa Islands. University of Hawaii Press. Page 442. ISBN 978-0-8248-2219-4.
- ^ Schyma, Rosemarie (2013). Südsee. DuMont Reiseverlag. Page 271. ISBN 978-3-7701-7694-6.
- ^ http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/basch/uhnpscesu/pdfs/sam/Volk1993AS.pdf (Page 3)
- ^ Aalbersberg, William and Batiri Thaman (2001). Proceedings of the Pacific Regional Workshop on Mangrove Wetlands Protection and Sustainable Use. South Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). Page 85. ISBN 9789820402515.
- ^ Aalbersberg, William and Batiri Thaman (2001). Proceedings of the Pacific Regional Workshop on Mangrove Wetlands Protection and Sustainable Use. South Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). Page 179. ISBN 9789820402515.
- ^ Goldin, Meryl Rose (2002). Field Guide to the Samoan Archipelago: Fish, Wildlife, and Protected Areas. Bess Press. Pages 276-277. ISBN 978-1-57306-111-7.
- ^ http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/basch/uhnpscesu/pdfs/sam/Volk1993AS.pdf (Page 5)
- ^ https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/8414/Share (Pages 33 and 35)
- ^ https://www.nps.gov/npsa/learn/nature/upload/2nded05I.pdf (Page 86)
- ^ "Nuʻuuli Falls | American Samoa Attractions".
- ^ a b c Clayville, Melinda (2021). Explore American Samoa: The Complete Guide to Tutuila, Aunuʻu, and Manuʻa Islands. ISBN 979-8-5560-5297-0.
- ^ "American Samoa Statistical Yearbook 2016" (PDF). American Samoa Department of Commerce. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-02-14. Retrieved 2019-07-25.
- ^ "Election Office stats show registered female voters outnumber male voters". 4 May 2017.
- ^ Sunia, Fofo I.F. (2009). A History of American Samoa. Amerika Samoa Humanities Council. Page 339. ISBN 978-1-57306-299-2.